Genotypic Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Among Acute Cases of HBV Infection, Selected US Counties, 1999-2005.

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Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Aug 22. [Epub ahead of print]

Genotypic Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Among Acute Cases of HBV

Infection, Selected US Counties, 1999-2005.

Teshale EH, Ramachandran S, Xia GL, H, Groeger J, Barry V, Hu DJ,

Holmberg SD, Holtzman D, Ward JW, Teo CG, Khudyakov Y.

Source

Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, TB and STD

Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Abstract

Background. Knowledge of the genotypic distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV)

facilitates epidemiologic tracking and surveillance of HBV infection as well as

prediction of its disease burden. In the United States, HBV genotyping studies

have been conducted for chronic but not acute hepatitis B. Methods. Serum

samples were collected from patients with acute hepatitis B cases reported from

the 6 counties that participated in the Sentinel Counties Study of Acute Viral

Hepatitis from 1999 through 2005. Polymerase chain reaction followed by

nucleotide sequencing of a 435-base pair segment of the HBV S gene was

performed, and the sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. Results. Of 614

patients identified with available serum samples, 75% were infected with

genotype A HBV and 18% were infected with genotype D HBV. Thirty-two percent of

genotype A sequences constituted a single subgenotype A2 cluster. The odds of

infection with genotype A (vs with genotype D) were 5 times greater among black

individuals than among Hispanic individuals (odds ratio [OR], 5; 95% confidence

interval [CI], 2.3-10.7). The odds of infection with genotype A were 49, 8, and

4 times greater among patients from Jefferson County (Alabama), Pinellas County

(Florida), and San Francisco (California), respectively, than among those living

in Denver County (Colorado). Genotype A was less common among recent injection

drug users than it was among non-injection drug users (OR, 0.2; 95% CI,

0.1-0.4). Conclusions. HBV genotype distribution was significantly associated

with ethnicity, place of residence, and risk behavior.

PMID: 21860013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]