Epidemic of Hepatitis B with high mortality in India: association of fulminant disease with lack of CCL4 and natural killer T cells

[Guest guest]

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01457.x/abstract

Epidemic of Hepatitis B with high mortality in India: association of fulminant

disease with lack of CCL4 and natural killer T cells

A. S. Tripathy, R. Das, M. S. Chadha, V. A. ArankalleArticle first published

online: 18 MAY 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01457.x

© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Issue

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

Early View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)

Summary.  An explosive outbreak of Hepatitis B with high mortality was

reported in 2009, in Modasa, Gujarat, India. Mortality was associated with basal

core promoter and precore mutant hepatitis B virus (HBV). The current study

addresses the role of immunological parameters in the progression to fulminant

hepatitis. The study population comprised of 22 acute HBV patients, 13 fulminant

HBV liver failure patients and 54 healthy controls. Hepatitis B surface

antigen-induced CTL responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT),

cytokine and chemokine quantitation by Bioplex assay, peripheral NK, natural

killer T (NKT), CD4 and CD8 T-cell frequencies by flow cytometry were carried

out. The median percentage of NK cells in the lymphocytes of the acute and

fulminant liver failure patients were significantly lower compared to controls.

Acute and fulminant liver failure patients had significantly high and comparable

NKT cells compared to controls, respectively. Importantly, NKT cells were

significantly lower in fulminant HBV liver failure than acute HBV patients.

Circulating peripheral CD4/CD8 T-cell subsets among the patient categories and

controls were comparable. In acute HBV patients, a significant increase in

IFN-γ release was recorded (ELISPOT) by the unstimulated, antigen-stimulated

and mitogen-stimulated cells when compared to controls. Comparisons of cytokines

and chemokines among the disease categories revealed significantly lower levels

of CCL4 in fulminant liver failure patients. NKT cells and CCL4 might be playing

a pivotal role in limiting HBV infection among the patients investigated.

[Guest guest]

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01457.x/abstract

Epidemic of Hepatitis B with high mortality in India: association of fulminant

disease with lack of CCL4 and natural killer T cells

A. S. Tripathy, R. Das, M. S. Chadha, V. A. ArankalleArticle first published

online: 18 MAY 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01457.x

© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Issue

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

Early View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)

Summary.  An explosive outbreak of Hepatitis B with high mortality was

reported in 2009, in Modasa, Gujarat, India. Mortality was associated with basal

core promoter and precore mutant hepatitis B virus (HBV). The current study

addresses the role of immunological parameters in the progression to fulminant

hepatitis. The study population comprised of 22 acute HBV patients, 13 fulminant

HBV liver failure patients and 54 healthy controls. Hepatitis B surface

antigen-induced CTL responses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT),

cytokine and chemokine quantitation by Bioplex assay, peripheral NK, natural

killer T (NKT), CD4 and CD8 T-cell frequencies by flow cytometry were carried

out. The median percentage of NK cells in the lymphocytes of the acute and

fulminant liver failure patients were significantly lower compared to controls.

Acute and fulminant liver failure patients had significantly high and comparable

NKT cells compared to controls, respectively. Importantly, NKT cells were

significantly lower in fulminant HBV liver failure than acute HBV patients.

Circulating peripheral CD4/CD8 T-cell subsets among the patient categories and

controls were comparable. In acute HBV patients, a significant increase in

IFN-γ release was recorded (ELISPOT) by the unstimulated, antigen-stimulated

and mitogen-stimulated cells when compared to controls. Comparisons of cytokines

and chemokines among the disease categories revealed significantly lower levels

of CCL4 in fulminant liver failure patients. NKT cells and CCL4 might be playing

a pivotal role in limiting HBV infection among the patients investigated.