Liver cirrhosis in Malaysia: Peculiar epidemiology in a multiracial Asian country

[Guest guest]

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x/abstract

Liver cirrhosis in Malaysia: Peculiar epidemiology in a multiracial Asian

country

Choon-Seng Qua, Khean-Lee GohArticle first published online: 19 JUL 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x

© 2011 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell

Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

Issue

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volume 26, Issue 8, pages 1333–1337, August 2011

Abstract

Background and Aim:  To determine the etiology of liver cirrhosis and risk

factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a multiracial Asian population.

Methods:  Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis presenting to outpatient

clinics and inpatient service at the University of Malaya Medical Centre from 1

April 2006 to 31 May 2009 were included.

Results:  A total of 460 patients were included in the study: 317 male

patients (68.9%) and 143 female patients (31.1%), with a mean age of 58.8 years

(range: 15–87 years). The major causes of cirrhosis were: chronic hepatitis B,

n = 212, 46.1%; chronic hepatitis C, n = 85, 18.5%; cryptogenic, n = 71, 15.4%;

alcohol, n = 58, 12.6% and autoimmune, n = 9, 2.0%. Alcohol was the main

etiology in Indians (51.1%) compared to Malay (0%) and Chinese (4.4%) (both P <

0.001). Hepatitis B was the predominant etiology in Malay (47.9%) and Chinese

(58.8%) compared to Indians (5.6%) (both P < 0.001). Hepatitis C cirrhosis was

highest in Malays (25.0%). 136 patients (29.6%) had concurrent HCC. Male sex (P

< 0.001), age > 60 years (P = 0.014), hepatitis B (P < 0.001), hepatitis C (P =

0.006) and cryptogenic cause (P = 0.002) were found to be independent risk

factors for HCC.

Conclusions:  The etiology of cirrhosis has a peculiar pattern based on racial

differences in alcohol intake and in the prevalence of hepatitis B.

[Guest guest]

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x/abstract

Liver cirrhosis in Malaysia: Peculiar epidemiology in a multiracial Asian

country

Choon-Seng Qua, Khean-Lee GohArticle first published online: 19 JUL 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x

© 2011 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell

Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

Issue

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volume 26, Issue 8, pages 1333–1337, August 2011

Abstract

Background and Aim:  To determine the etiology of liver cirrhosis and risk

factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a multiracial Asian population.

Methods:  Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis presenting to outpatient

clinics and inpatient service at the University of Malaya Medical Centre from 1

April 2006 to 31 May 2009 were included.

Results:  A total of 460 patients were included in the study: 317 male

patients (68.9%) and 143 female patients (31.1%), with a mean age of 58.8 years

(range: 15–87 years). The major causes of cirrhosis were: chronic hepatitis B,

n = 212, 46.1%; chronic hepatitis C, n = 85, 18.5%; cryptogenic, n = 71, 15.4%;

alcohol, n = 58, 12.6% and autoimmune, n = 9, 2.0%. Alcohol was the main

etiology in Indians (51.1%) compared to Malay (0%) and Chinese (4.4%) (both P <

0.001). Hepatitis B was the predominant etiology in Malay (47.9%) and Chinese

(58.8%) compared to Indians (5.6%) (both P < 0.001). Hepatitis C cirrhosis was

highest in Malays (25.0%). 136 patients (29.6%) had concurrent HCC. Male sex (P

< 0.001), age > 60 years (P = 0.014), hepatitis B (P < 0.001), hepatitis C (P =

0.006) and cryptogenic cause (P = 0.002) were found to be independent risk

factors for HCC.

Conclusions:  The etiology of cirrhosis has a peculiar pattern based on racial

differences in alcohol intake and in the prevalence of hepatitis B.

[Guest guest]

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x/abstract

Liver cirrhosis in Malaysia: Peculiar epidemiology in a multiracial Asian

country

Choon-Seng Qua, Khean-Lee GohArticle first published online: 19 JUL 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x

© 2011 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell

Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

Issue

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volume 26, Issue 8, pages 1333–1337, August 2011

Abstract

Background and Aim:  To determine the etiology of liver cirrhosis and risk

factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a multiracial Asian population.

Methods:  Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis presenting to outpatient

clinics and inpatient service at the University of Malaya Medical Centre from 1

April 2006 to 31 May 2009 were included.

Results:  A total of 460 patients were included in the study: 317 male

patients (68.9%) and 143 female patients (31.1%), with a mean age of 58.8 years

(range: 15–87 years). The major causes of cirrhosis were: chronic hepatitis B,

n = 212, 46.1%; chronic hepatitis C, n = 85, 18.5%; cryptogenic, n = 71, 15.4%;

alcohol, n = 58, 12.6% and autoimmune, n = 9, 2.0%. Alcohol was the main

etiology in Indians (51.1%) compared to Malay (0%) and Chinese (4.4%) (both P <

0.001). Hepatitis B was the predominant etiology in Malay (47.9%) and Chinese

(58.8%) compared to Indians (5.6%) (both P < 0.001). Hepatitis C cirrhosis was

highest in Malays (25.0%). 136 patients (29.6%) had concurrent HCC. Male sex (P

< 0.001), age > 60 years (P = 0.014), hepatitis B (P < 0.001), hepatitis C (P =

0.006) and cryptogenic cause (P = 0.002) were found to be independent risk

factors for HCC.

Conclusions:  The etiology of cirrhosis has a peculiar pattern based on racial

differences in alcohol intake and in the prevalence of hepatitis B.

[Guest guest]

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x/abstract

Liver cirrhosis in Malaysia: Peculiar epidemiology in a multiracial Asian

country

Choon-Seng Qua, Khean-Lee GohArticle first published online: 19 JUL 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x

© 2011 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell

Publishing Asia Pty Ltd

Issue

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volume 26, Issue 8, pages 1333–1337, August 2011

Abstract

Background and Aim:  To determine the etiology of liver cirrhosis and risk

factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a multiracial Asian population.

Methods:  Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis presenting to outpatient

clinics and inpatient service at the University of Malaya Medical Centre from 1

April 2006 to 31 May 2009 were included.

Results:  A total of 460 patients were included in the study: 317 male

patients (68.9%) and 143 female patients (31.1%), with a mean age of 58.8 years

(range: 15–87 years). The major causes of cirrhosis were: chronic hepatitis B,

n = 212, 46.1%; chronic hepatitis C, n = 85, 18.5%; cryptogenic, n = 71, 15.4%;

alcohol, n = 58, 12.6% and autoimmune, n = 9, 2.0%. Alcohol was the main

etiology in Indians (51.1%) compared to Malay (0%) and Chinese (4.4%) (both P <

0.001). Hepatitis B was the predominant etiology in Malay (47.9%) and Chinese

(58.8%) compared to Indians (5.6%) (both P < 0.001). Hepatitis C cirrhosis was

highest in Malays (25.0%). 136 patients (29.6%) had concurrent HCC. Male sex (P

< 0.001), age > 60 years (P = 0.014), hepatitis B (P < 0.001), hepatitis C (P =

0.006) and cryptogenic cause (P = 0.002) were found to be independent risk

factors for HCC.

Conclusions:  The etiology of cirrhosis has a peculiar pattern based on racial

differences in alcohol intake and in the prevalence of hepatitis B.