RE: Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

[Guest guest]

I would not be suprised if they gave the " wrong " form of vitamin E. Until

recently, gamma E or mixed tocopherols (natural type) were hard to come by.

Take a look at what's available the next time you visit the local drug store

or grocery store vitamin aisle.

I'll see if I can find out about those studies.

>From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@...>

>Reply-

>

>Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 14:24:12 -0000

>

>Hi :

>

>Valid point. But this is a review of seven major studies. Do we

>expect that they all got it wrong, by studying the wrong type of

>vitamin E? Possibly. But I wouldn't bank on it. Probably the text

>of the paper would tell ;; ^ )))

>

>Rodney.

>

>

> > " Vitamin E " is a rather non-specific term. Vitamin E gamma (gamma

> > tocopherol) is the most abundant form found in the body due to

>ingestion of

> > food, while synthetic forms of alpha tocopherol are often given as

> > supplements. The supplemental form may cause displacement of the

>natural

> > gamma form, and thus cause imbalances in the body's homeostatic

>anti-oxidant

> > status.

> >

> > It might be helpful to know what types of vitamin E are being

>referred to by

> > this study.

> >

> >

> > >From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@y...>

> > >Reply-

> > >

> > >Subject: [ ] Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

> > >Date: Wed, 04 Aug 2004 22:39:38 -0000

> > >

> > >Hi folks:

> > >

> > >http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/home/research-

>detail.cfm?

> > >reutersid=4562 & nl=4

> > >

> > >http://snipurl.com/88mx

> > >

> > >Rodney.

> > >

>

[Guest guest]

OK, I've ordered the study. May take a while to get, depending upon whether

they email the PDF, fax, or send a copy via mail.

I'll let you know what they used.

>From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@...>

>Reply-

>

>Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 14:24:12 -0000

>

>Hi :

>

>Valid point. But this is a review of seven major studies. Do we

>expect that they all got it wrong, by studying the wrong type of

>vitamin E? Possibly. But I wouldn't bank on it. Probably the text

>of the paper would tell ;; ^ )))

>

>Rodney.

>

>

> > " Vitamin E " is a rather non-specific term. Vitamin E gamma (gamma

> > tocopherol) is the most abundant form found in the body due to

>ingestion of

> > food, while synthetic forms of alpha tocopherol are often given as

> > supplements. The supplemental form may cause displacement of the

>natural

> > gamma form, and thus cause imbalances in the body's homeostatic

>anti-oxidant

> > status.

> >

> > It might be helpful to know what types of vitamin E are being

>referred to by

> > this study.

> >

> >

> > >From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@y...>

> > >Reply-

> > >

> > >Subject: [ ] Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

> > >Date: Wed, 04 Aug 2004 22:39:38 -0000

> > >

> > >Hi folks:

> > >

> > >http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/home/research-

>detail.cfm?

> > >reutersid=4562 & nl=4

> > >

> > >http://snipurl.com/88mx

> > >

> > >Rodney.

> > >

>

[Guest guest]

I take some alpha E also, but this is the natural succinate form, a form

found to have potent anti-carcinogenic activity:

Br J Cancer. 2003 Nov 17;89(10):1822-6. Related Articles, Links

Vitamin E succinate and cancer treatment: a vitamin E prototype for

selective antitumour activity.

Neuzil J.

School of Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport 9726, Queensland,

Australia. j.nuezil@...

Great hope has been given to micronutrients as anticancer agents, since they

present natural compounds with beneficial effects for normal cells and

tissues. One of these is vitamin E (VE), an antioxidant and an essential

component of biological membranes and circulating lipoproteins. In spite of

a number of epidemiological and intervention studies, little or no

correlation between VE intake and incidence of cancer has been found. Recent

reports have identified a redox-silent analogue of VE, alpha-tocopheryl

succinate (alpha-TOS), as a potent anticancer agent with a unique structure

and pharmacokinetics in vivo. alpha-TOS is highly selective for malignant

cells, inducing them into apoptotic death largely via the mitochondrial

route. The molecule of alpha-TOS may be modified so that analogues with

higher activity are generated. Finally, alpha-TOS and similar agents are

metabolised to VE, thereby yielding a compound with a secondary beneficial

activity. Thus, alpha-TOS epitomises a group of novel compounds that hold

substantial promise as future anticancer drugs. The reasons for this

optimistic notion are discussed in the following paragraphs.

Publication Types:

Review

Review, Tutorial

PMID: 14612885 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

How's this for a bit of evidence for gamma:

Ann Nutr Metab. 2004 Jul 12;48(3):169-188. Related Articles, Links

Gamma-Tocopherol - An Underestimated Vitamin?

Wagner KH, Kamal-Eldin A, Elmadfa I.

Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

The main research activities of the last decades on tocopherols were mainly

focused on alpha-tocopherol, in particular when considering the biological

activities. However, recent studies have increased the knowledge on

gamma-tocopherol, which is the major form of vitamin E in the diet in the

USA, but not in Europe. gamma-Tocopherol provides different antioxidant

activities in food and in-vitro studies and showed higher activity in

trapping lipophilic electrophiles and reactive nitrogen and oxygen species.

The lower plasma levels of gamma- compared to alpha-tocopherol might be

discussed in the light of different bioavailability, but also in a potential

transformation from gamma- into alpha-tocopherol. From the metabolism end

product, only that of gamma-tocopherol

(2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman), but not that of

alpha-tocopherol, was identified to provide natriuretic activity. Studies

also indicate that only the gamma-tocopherol plasma level served as

biomarker for cancer and cardiovascular risk. Therefore, this paper provides

a comprehensive review on gamma-tocopherol with emphasis on its chemistry,

biosynthesis, occurrence in food, different intake linking to different

plasma levels in USA and Europe, absorption and metabolism, biological

activities, and possible role in human health. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG,

Basel

PMID: 15256801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

>From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@...>

>Reply-

>

>Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 15:03:06 -0000

>

>Hi :

>

>Just to clarify, I am not making a big issue about vitamin E. I

>posted the reference to that study because it hopefully adds one more

>piece that will eventually help complete the puzzle. (Very possibly

>it is the piece you are suggesting. I.E. showing that alpha is not

>the best way to go). I take 400 IU weekly (regular alpha) because I

>thinks it very likely benefits in other ways. But I am more than

>willing to change that (once the current jar is finished up!) if I

>see persuasive information indicating that the form of the vitamin is

>important.

>

>Rodney.

>

>

> > > > " Vitamin E " is a rather non-specific term. Vitamin E gamma

>(gamma

> > > > tocopherol) is the most abundant form found in the body due to

> > >ingestion of

> > > > food, while synthetic forms of alpha tocopherol are often given

>as

> > > > supplements. The supplemental form may cause displacement of the

> > >natural

> > > > gamma form, and thus cause imbalances in the body's homeostatic

> > >anti-oxidant

> > > > status.

> > > >

> > > > It might be helpful to know what types of vitamin E are being

> > >referred to by

> > > > this study.

> > > >

> > > >

> > > > >From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@y...>

> > > > >Reply-

> > > > >

> > > > >Subject: [ ] Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against

>CVD

> > > > >Date: Wed, 04 Aug 2004 22:39:38 -0000

> > > > >

> > > > >Hi folks:

> > > > >

> > > > >http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/home/research-

> > >detail.cfm?

> > > > >reutersid=4562 & nl=4

> > > > >

> > > > >http://snipurl.com/88mx

> > > > >

> > > > >Rodney.

> > > > >

> > >

>

[Guest guest]

Thanks, Al. Did it specify whether only the " natural " form of alpha (d-alpha

tocopherol) was used, or synthetic (dl-alpha-tocopherol)?

>From: " old542000 " <apater@...>

>Reply-

>

>Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 16:40:41 -0000

>

>Hi All,

>

>Eidelman RS, Hollar D, Hebert PR, Lamas GA, Hennekens CH.

> Randomized trials of vitamin E in the treatment and prevention of

>cardiovascular disease.

>Arch Intern Med. 2004 Jul 26;164(14):1552-6.

>PMID: 15277288 [PubMed - in process]

>

>says only the alpha form was used.

>

>Cheers, Al Pater.

>

>

> > > " Vitamin E " is a rather non-specific term. Vitamin E gamma (gamma

> > > tocopherol) is the most abundant form found in the body due to

> > ingestion of

> > > food, while synthetic forms of alpha tocopherol are often given

>as

> > > supplements. The supplemental form may cause displacement of the

> > natural

> > > gamma form, and thus cause imbalances in the body's homeostatic

> > anti-oxidant

> > > status.

> > >

> > > It might be helpful to know what types of vitamin E are being

> > referred to by

> > > this study.

> > >

> > >

> > > >From: " Rodney " <perspect1111@y...>

> > > >Reply-

> > > >

> > > >Subject: [ ] Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

> > > >Date: Wed, 04 Aug 2004 22:39:38 -0000

> > > >

> > > >Hi folks:

> > > >

> > > >http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/home/research-

> > detail.cfm?

> > > >reutersid=4562 & nl=4

> > > >

> > > >http://snipurl.com/88mx

> > > >

> > > >Rodney.

> > > >

>

[Guest guest]

Depends upon where one eats!Ann Nutr Metab. 2004 Jul 12;48(3):169-188. Related Articles, Links

Gamma-Tocopherol - An Underestimated Vitamin?

Wagner KH, Kamal-Eldin A, Elmadfa I.

Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

The main research activities of the last decades on tocopherols were mainly focused on alpha-tocopherol, in particular when considering the biological activities. However, recent studies have increased the knowledge on

gamma-tocopherol, which is the major form of vitamin E in the diet in the

USA, but not in Europe. gamma-Tocopherol provides different antioxidant activities in food and in-vitro studies and showed higher activity in trapping lipophilic electrophiles and reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. The lower plasma levels of gamma- compared to alpha-tocopherol might be discussed in the light of different bioavailability, but also in a potential transformation from gamma- into alpha-tocopherol. From the metabolism end product, only that of gamma-tocopherol (2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman), but not that of alpha-tocopherol, was identified to provide natriuretic activity. Studies also indicate that only the gamma-tocopherol plasma level served as biomarker for cancer and cardiovascular risk. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review on gamma-tocopherol with emphasis on its chemistry, biosynthesis, occurrence in food, different intake linking to different plasma levels in USA and Europe, absorption and metabolism, biological activities, and possible role in human health. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

PMID: 15256801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

>From: "old542000"

>Reply- > >Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD >Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 16:30:05 -0000 > >Hi All, > >I was under the understanding that the alpha form is most abundant in >food. > >Cheers, Al Pater. > > > > > "Vitamin E" is a rather non-specific term. Vitamin E gamma (gamma > > tocopherol) is the most abundant form found in the body due to >ingestion of > > food, while synthetic forms of alpha tocopherol are often given as > > supplements. The supplemental form may cause displacement of the >natural > > gamma form, and thus cause imbalances in the body's homeostatic >anti-oxidant > > status. > > > > It might be helpful to know what types of vitamin E are being >referred to by > > this study. > > > > > > >From: "Rodney"

> > >Reply- > > > > > >Subject: [ ] Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD > > >Date: Wed, 04 Aug 2004 22:39:38 -0000 > > > > > >Hi folks: > > > > > >http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/home/research- >detail.cfm? > > >reutersid=4562 & nl=4 > > > > > >http://snipurl.com/88mx >

[Guest guest]

Mine says dl-alpha tocopheryl Acetate. When do they get this stuff perfected? The body must be pretty tough to survive all the wrong vit a, vit e, etc, I have eaten since 1956, when the first healthnut friend introduced me to vitamin pills. OK, another email to Perrigo.

Regards.

----- Original Message -----

From: Dowling

Sent: Thursday, August 05, 2004 9:44 AM

Subject: RE: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

I would not be suprised if they gave the "wrong" form of vitamin E. Until recently, gamma E or mixed tocopherols (natural type) were hard to come by. Take a look at what's available the next time you visit the local drug store or grocery store vitamin aisle.

[Guest guest]

I chucked all my dl acetate years ago, I'm afraid. Now I take 400 IU of

natural (d-tocopherol) succinate and a heaping spoonful of this stuff daily:

" GAMMA E. 1130 mg powder contains 340mg total tocopherols, 210mg of which

are D-gamma, shown to be the most effective in trapping free radicals; and

154 IU Vit E activity in gum acacia base. Recent study shows those with

highest blood levels of gamma E have 5x lower risk for prostate cancer.

National Academy of Sciences recommends at least 20% of E supplementation be

gamma form. The best form of E for use as a food antioxidant. "

>From: " jwwright " <jwwright@...> Reply-To:

> < >

>Subject: Re: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>Date: Thu, 5 Aug 2004 13:19:11 -0500

>

>Mine says dl-alpha tocopheryl Acetate. When do they get this stuff

>perfected? The body must be pretty tough to survive all the wrong vit a,

>vit e, etc, I have eaten since 1956, when the first healthnut friend

>introduced me to vitamin pills. OK, another email to Perrigo.

>

>Regards.

>

> ----- Original Message ----- From: Dowling To:

> Sent: Thursday, August 05, 2004 9:44 AM

>Subject: RE: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>

>

> I would not be suprised if they gave the " wrong " form of vitamin E.

>Until recently, gamma E or mixed tocopherols (natural type) were hard to

>come by. Take a look at what's available the next time you visit the

>local drug store or grocery store vitamin aisle.

>

[Guest guest]

Huh?

So what if " supplements are generally in the alpha form " ? Does that make

them the correct or beneficial form to take? There are many other forms

available as supplements:

February 20, 2003

Smart Publications

Health & Wellness Update

Dear Friends,

You've heard about the numerous benefits of vitamin E

supplements. But you won't reap those benefits unless you're

taking high amounts of a particular subtype of vitamin E called

gamma tocopherol.

Most progressive nutritional supplement companies offer vitamin

E supplements that claim to contain “Mixed tocopherols " or “Full

Spectrum” tocopherols.

But these terms don’t mean much in and of themselves, because

they don’t tell you exactly how much gamma tocopherol is in the

product.

Furthermore, we know for a fact that the raw materials market

offers many so called “mixed tocopherol” products that contain

only small amounts of the rather expensive gamma tocopherol.

They are in fact “mixed” … they just don’t contain a meaningful

amount of the stuff you really want!

Today's e-mail sets the record straight … so that you know exactly

what to look for in a superb vitamin E supplement.

In good health,

Morgenthaler

Click here to read: Get the straight facts on vitamin E tocopherols

Do you realize that you may be taking the wrong type of vitamin E

supplement? Get out your bottle and check the label. It probably

lists vitamin E in one of the following forms: alpha tocopheryl

succinate, alpha tocopheryl acetate, vitamin E, natural vitamin E,

mixed tocopherols, natural tocopherols, etc.

You wonder, " What's wrong with that? " Here's what's wrong:

An excellent vitamin E supplement must have the correct mix of

tocopherols and tocotrienols, not just any mix. A mix of three

ingredients in an 80-10-10 ratio is not the same as say a ratio of 20-

40-40, for instance.

What exactly are supplement companies selling? Well, we don’t

know because … uh … they don’t say. All they list on the vitamin

E supplement label is “mixed tocopherols” (if they are even that

advanced.) Given that gamma tocopherol is expensive and alpha

tocopherol is cheap, we are willing to bet that some supplement

companies are not providing the optimum “mix”—which should

reflect what's in an ideal diet. And an ideal diet – one that is

protective against heart disease and rich in seeds, nuts, and

vegetables – includes large amounts of gamma tocopherol and

lesser amounts of alpha tocopherol.

The fact is, most mixed tocopherol supplements are spiked with

alpha tocopherol, which raises the IU (International Unit) amount

that can be placed on the label. This leads you to believe that you

are taking a powerful supplement, when in fact you are not. Even

though the IU (International Unit) is an obsolete and misleading

measuring system, supplement makers are still legally required to

list alpha tocopherol, vitamin A and vitamin D in their IU

equivalents.

Too much alpha tocopherol impairs benefits of gamma

tocopherol

And it is important that you don’t get too much alpha tocopherol

relative to the amount of gamma tocopherol …

It is well documented that plasma and tissue gamma tocopherol are

suppressed by alpha tocopherol supplementation1,2. In sharp

contrast, gamma tocopherol supplementation leads to a win-win

situation, increasing both alpha and gamma tocopherols.3

What is gamma tocopherol?

Gamma tocopherol is one of several vitamin E compounds. It is

usually the most prevalent form of vitamin E in plant seeds and in

products derived from them, including vegetable oils such as corn,

soybean and sesame. Also nuts such as walnuts, pecans and

peanuts are rich sources of gamma tocopherol.

Recent studies indicate that gamma tocopherol is extremely

important to human health and that it possesses unique features

that distinguish it from alpha tocopherol, it has finally moved into

the spotlight.

Gamma tocopherol is a better protectant against inflammatory

diseases

Although alpha tocopherol has been shown to be a better

antioxidant than gamma tocopherol, gamma tocopherol is a better

anti-inflammatory. It is very good at controlling chronic

inflammation-related diseases including arthritis, cancer,

cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders4such as

Alzheimer's disease.5

Cancer preventative

Cancer chemoprevention (the use of non-cytotoxic drugs and

natural agents to block the progression to invasive cancer) is a new

approach in the management of cancer. Recent evidence indicates

that gamma-tocopherol may be a more powerful chemopreventive

than alpha-tocopherol,6 and that it is better at inhibiting cancer cell

proliferation. 7

Gamma tocopherols help protect against prostate cancer

A 1989 study that tested men living in Washington County,

land who developed prostate cancer found that the men who

had high levels of both alpha and gamma tocopherols had a five-

fold reduction in prostate cancer when compared to the group that

had high levels of only alpha tocopherol.8

Mixed tocopherols help prevent cardiovascular disease

A study that appeared in the May 2002 edition of the Journal of

Cardiovascular Pharmacology indicates that mixed tocopherols

(gamma, delta and alpha) counteract the development of

cardiovascular disease when compared to an intake of large

amounts of pure alpha tocopherol. In the laboratory experiment, a

mixture of tocopherols was found to have a stronger inhibitory

effect on lipid peroxidation in human red blood cells, than alpha-

tocopherol alone.9

In another study with CVD (cardiovascular) patients, serum

concentrations of gamma tocopherol, but not of alpha tocopherol,

were lower in CVD patients than in healthy control subjects.10,11

And in a cross-study of Swedish and Lithuanian middle-aged men,

plasma gamma tocopherol concentrations were twice as high in the

Swedish men, who had a 25% lower incidence of CVD-related

mortality. In contrast, this inverse correlation was not observed

with alpha tocopherol.12

Make sure your vitamin E supplement contains the high

gamma form of mixed tocopherols

Alpha tocopherol is definitely good for you. It is a stronger

antioxidant than any of the other tocopherols. But gamma

tocopherol provides potent benefits that alpha tocopherol does not.

And there is research showing that a combination of gamma

tocopherol plus alpha tocopherol gives synergistic benefits in the

protection against cardiovascular disease, cancer and many other

diseases.

The next time you look for a multi or vitamin E supplement, look

at the label closely. If it doesn't list exactly how much gamma

tocopherol is in it, then it probably does not contain a significant

amount (since gamma tocopherol is expensive.)

We still don't know exactly what the perfect ratio of vitamin E

compounds should be. But based on recent scientific research, we

have a pretty good idea that you should be getting at least 50 mg of

gamma tocopherol and that the total mg amount of gamma

tocopherol should be greater than the amount of alpha tocopherol

IU’s.

References:

1. Handelman GJ, Epstein WL, Peerson J, Spiegelman D, Machlin

LJ, Dratz EA. Human adipose -tocopherol and -tocopherol

kinetics during and after 1 y of -tocopherol supplementation.

Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:1025–32

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=8

172086 & dopt=Abstract

2. Handelman GJ, Machlin LJ, Fitch K, Weiter JJ, Dratz EA. Oral

alpha-tocopherol supplements decrease plasma gamma-

tocopherol levels in humans. J Nutr 1985;115:807–13.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=3

998871 & dopt=Abstract

3. Clement M, Bourre JM. Graded dietary levels of RRR-gamma-

tocopherol induce a marked increase in the concentrations of

alpha- and gamma-tocopherol in nervous tissues, heart, liver

and muscle of vitamin-E-deficient rats. Biochem Biophys Acta

1997;1334:173–81.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=9

101711 & dopt=Abstract

4. Qing Jiang, Stephan Christen, Mark K Shigenaga and Bruce N

Ames. Gamma Tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the

US diet, deserves more attention, American Journal of Clinical

Nutrition, Vol. 74, No. 6, 714-722, December 2001.

http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/74/6/714

5. on KS, Gabbita SP, Mou S, West M, Pye QN,

Markesbery WR, Cooney RV, Grammas P, Reimann-Philipp U,

Floyd RA, Hensley K. The nitration product 5-nitro-gamma-

tocopherol is increased in the Alzheimer brain. Nitric Oxide

2002 Mar;6(2):221-7

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1

1890747 & dopt=Abstract

6. Krishnan K, S, Abdel-Rahman F, Whaley S, Stone

WL. Cancer chemoprevention drug targets. Curr Drug Targets

2003 Jan;4(1):45-54

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1

2528989 & dopt=Abstract

7. Gysin R, Azzi A, Visarius T. Gamma-tocopherol inhibits human

cancer cell cycle progression and cell proliferation by down-

regulation of cyclins. ASEB J 2002 Dec;16(14):1952-4

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1

2368234 & dopt=Abstract

8. Helzlsouer KJ, Huang HY, Alberg AJ, Hoffman S, Burke A,

Norkus EP, JS, Comstock GW. Association between

alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, selenium, and subsequent

prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000 Dec 20;92(24):2018-

23

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uid

s=11121464 & dopt=Abstract

9. Liu M, Wallin R, Wallmon A, Saldeen T. Mixed tocopherols

have a stronger inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation than

alpha-tocopherol alone. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2002

May;39(5):714-21

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1

1973415 & dopt=Abstract

10. Ohrvall M, Sundlof G, Vessby B. Gamma, but not alpha,

tocopherol levels in serum are reduced in coronary heart disease

patients. J Intern Med 1996;239:111–7

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=8

568478 & dopt=Abstract

11. Kontush A, Spranger T, Reich A, Baum K, Beisiegel U.

Lipophilic antioxidants in blood plasma as markers of

atherosclerosis: the role of alpha-carotene and gamma-

tocopherol. Atherosclerosis 1999;144:117–22

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=1

0381285 & dopt=Abstract

12. son M, Zieden B, Kucinskiene Z, et al. Antioxidant

state and mortality from coronary heart disease in Lithuanian

and Swedish men: concomitant cross sectional study of men

aged 50. BMJ 1997;314:629–33

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=PubMed & list_uids=9

066473 & dopt=Abstract

>From: " old542000 " <apater@...>

>Reply-

>

>Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

>Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 20:23:49 -0000

>

>Hi All,

>

>I saw no mention of higher gamma form in food. Sure, on an equal

>weight basis, the gamma form may perform some inportant functions

>better.

>

>Supplements are generally only in the alpha form.

>

>Cheers, Al Pater.

>

>

> >

>

>Depends upon where one eats!

>

>Ann Nutr Metab. 2004 Jul 12;48(3):169-188. Related Articles, Links

>

>Gamma-Tocopherol - An Underestimated Vitamin?

>Wagner KH, Kamal-Eldin A, Elmadfa I.

>

>The main research activities of the last decades on tocopherols were

>mainly

>focused on alpha-tocopherol, in particular when considering the

>biological

>activities. However, recent studies have increased the knowledge on

>gamma-tocopherol, which is the major form of vitamin E in the diet in

>the

>USA, but not in Europe. gamma-Tocopherol provides different

>antioxidant

>activities in food and in-vitro studies and showed higher activity in

>trapping lipophilic electrophiles and reactive nitrogen and oxygen

>species.

>The lower plasma levels of gamma- compared to alpha-tocopherol might

>be

>discussed in the light of different bioavailability, but also in a

>potential

>transformation from gamma- into alpha-tocopherol. From the metabolism

>end

>product, only that of gamma-tocopherol

>(2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(beta-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman), but not

>that of

>alpha-tocopherol, was identified to provide natriuretic activity.

>Studies

>also indicate that only the gamma-tocopherol plasma level served as

>biomarker for cancer and cardiovascular risk. Therefore, this paper

>provides

>a comprehensive review on gamma-tocopherol with emphasis on its

>chemistry,

>biosynthesis, occurrence in food, different intake linking to

>different

>plasma levels in USA and Europe, absorption and metabolism,

>biological

>activities, and possible role in human health. Copyright 2004 S.

>Karger AG,

>Basel

>PMID: 15256801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

> >From: " old542000 "

> >Reply-

> >

> >Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

> >Date: Thu, 05 Aug 2004 16:30:05 -0000

> >

> >Hi All,

> >

> >I was under the understanding that the alpha form is most abundant

>in

> >food.

> >

> >Cheers, Al Pater.

>

[Guest guest]

I just got back from walmart and every one containing E was dl.

Where's a good site for food compositions. SR16 is lacking, I think.

Regards.

----- Original Message -----

From: Dowling

Sent: Thursday, August 05, 2004 1:54 PM

Subject: Re: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD

I chucked all my dl acetate years ago, I'm afraid. Now I take 400 IU of natural (d-tocopherol) succinate and a heaping spoonful of this stuff daily:"GAMMA E. 1130 mg powder contains 340mg total tocopherols, 210mg of which are D-gamma, shown to be the most effective in trapping free radicals; and 154 IU Vit E activity in gum acacia base. Recent study shows those with highest blood levels of gamma E have 5x lower risk for prostate cancer. National Academy of Sciences recommends at least 20% of E supplementation be gamma form. The best form of E for use as a food antioxidant.">From: "jwwright" <jwwright@...> Reply-> < > >Subject: Re: [ ] Re: Vitamin E Does NOT Protect against CVD >Date: Thu, 5 Aug 2004 13:19:11 -0500>>Mine says dl-alpha tocopheryl Acetate. When do they get this stuff >perfected? The body must be pretty tough to survive all the wrong vit a, >vit e, etc, I have eaten since 1956, when the first healthnut friend >introduced me to vitamin pills. OK, another email to Perrigo.>>Regards.