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Counting the Many Ways Sugar Harms Your Health

Contributed by Appleton, PhD

Author of the book Lick The Sugar Habit

In addition to throwing off the body's

homeostasis, excess sugar may result in a number of other significant

consequences. The following is a listing of some of sugar's metabolic

consequences from a variety of medical journals and other scientific

publications.

1.. Sugar can suppress your

immune system and impair your defenses against infectious

disease.1,2

2.. Sugar upsets the mineral

relationships in your body: causes chromium and copper deficiencies and

interferes with absorption of calcium and magnesium. 3,4,5,6

3.. Sugar can cause can cause

a rapid rise of adrenaline, hyperactivity, anxiety, difficulty

concentrating, and crankiness in children.7,8

4.. Sugar can produce a

significant rise in total cholesterol, triglycerides and bad cholesterol

and a decrease in good cholesterol.9,10,11,12

5.. Sugar causes a loss of

tissue elasticity and function.13

6.. Sugar feeds cancer cells

and has been connected with the development of cancer of the breast,

ovaries, prostate, rectum, pancreas, biliary tract, lung, gallbladder and

stomach.14,15,16,17,18,19,20

7.. Sugar can increase fasting

levels of glucose and can cause reactive hypoglycemia.21,22

8.. Sugar can weaken

eyesight.23

9.. Sugar can cause many

problems with the gastrointestinal tract including: an acidic digestive

tract, indigestion, malabsorption in patients with functional bowel

disease, increased risk of Crohn's disease, and ulcerative

colitis.24,25,26,27,28

10.. Sugar can cause premature

aging.29

11.. Sugar can lead to

alcoholism.30

12.. Sugar can cause your

saliva to become acidic, tooth decay, and periodontal

disease.31,32,33

13.. Sugar contributes to

obesity.34

14.. Sugar can cause

autoimmune diseases such as: arthritis, asthma, multiple

sclerosis.35,36,37

15.. Sugar greatly assists the

uncontrolled growth of Candida Albicans (yeast infections).38

16.. Sugar can cause

gallstones.39

17.. Sugar can cause

appendicitis.40

18.. Sugar can cause

hemorrhoids.41

19.. Sugar can cause varicose

veins.42

20.. Sugar can elevate glucose

and insulin responses in oral contraceptive users.43

21.. Sugar can contribute to

osteoporosis.44

22.. Sugar can cause a

decrease in your insulin sensitivity thereby causing an abnormally high

insulin levels and eventually diabetes.45,46,47

23.. Sugar can lower your

Vitamin E levels.48

24.. Sugar can increase your

systolic blood pressure.49

25.. Sugar can cause

drowsiness and decreased activity in children.50

26.. High sugar intake

increases advanced glycation end products (AGEs)(Sugar molecules

attaching to and thereby damaging proteins in the body).51

27.. Sugar can interfere with

your absorption of protein.52

28.. Sugar causes food

allergies.53

29.. Sugar can cause toxemia

during pregnancy.54

30.. Sugar can contribute to

eczema in children.55

31.. Sugar can cause

atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.56,57

32.. Sugar can impair the

structure of your DNA.58

33.. Sugar can change the

structure of protein and cause a permanent alteration of the way the

proteins act in your body.59,60

34.. Sugar can make your skin

age by changing the structure of collagen.61

35.. Sugar can cause cataracts

and nearsightedness.62,63

36.. Sugar can cause

emphysema.64

37.. High sugar intake can

impair the physiological homeostasis of many systems in your

body.65

38.. Sugar lowers the ability

of enzymes to function.66

39.. Sugar intake is higher in

people with Parkinson's disease.67

40.. Sugar can increase the

size of your liver by making your liver cells divide and it can increase

the amount of liver fat.68,69

41.. Sugar can increase kidney

size and produce pathological changes in the kidney such as the formation

of kidney stones.70,71

42.. Sugar can damage your

pancreas.72

43.. Sugar can increase your

body's fluid retention.73

44.. Sugar is enemy #1 of your

bowel movement.74

45.. Sugar can compromise the

lining of your capillaries.75

46.. Sugar can make your

tendons more brittle.76

47.. Sugar can cause

headaches, including migraines.77

48.. Sugar can reduce the

learning capacity, adversely affect school children's grades and cause

learning disorders.78,79

49.. Sugar can cause an

increase in delta, alpha, and theta brain waves which can alter your

mind's ability to think clearly.80

50.. Sugar can cause

depression.81

51.. Sugar can increase your

risk of gout.82

52.. Sugar can increase your

risk of Alzheimer's disease.83

53.. Sugar can cause hormonal

imbalances such as: increasing estrogen in men, exacerbating PMS, and

decreasing growth hormone.84,85,86,87

54.. Sugar can lead to

dizziness.88

55.. Diets high in sugar will

increase free radicals and oxidative stress.89

56.. High sucrose diets of

subjects with peripheral vascular disease significantly increases

platelet adhesion.90

57.. High sugar consumption of

pregnant adolescents can lead to substantial decrease in gestation

duration and is associated with a twofold increased risk for delivering a

small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant.91,92

58.. Sugar is an addictive

substance.93

59.. Sugar can be

intoxicating, similar to alcohol.94

60.. Sugar given to premature

babies can affect the amount of carbon dioxide they produce.95

61.. Decrease in sugar intake

can increase emotional stability.96

62.. Your body changes sugar

into 2 to 5 times more fat in the bloodstream than it does

starch.97

63.. The rapid absorption of

sugar promotes excessive food intake in obese subjects.98

64.. Sugar can worsen the

symptoms of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

(ADHD).99

65.. Sugar adversely affects

urinary electrolyte composition.100

66.. Sugar can slow down the

ability of your adrenal glands to function.101

67.. Sugar has the potential

of inducing abnormal metabolic processes in a normal healthy individual

and to promote chronic degenerative diseases.102

68.. I.V.s (intravenous

feedings) of sugar water can cut off oxygen to your brain.103

69.. Sugar increases your risk

of polio.104

70.. High sugar intake can

cause epileptic seizures.105

71.. Sugar causes high blood

pressure in obese people.106

72.. In intensive care units:

Limiting sugar saves lives.107

73.. Sugar may induce cell

death.108

74.. In juvenile

rehabilitation camps, when children were put on a low sugar diet, there

was a 44 percent drop in antisocial behavior.109

75.. Sugar dehydrates

newborns.110

76.. Sugar can cause gum

disease.111

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

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25.. Yudkin, J. Sweet and

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29.. Lee, A. T.and Cerami A.

The Role of Glycation in Aging. ls of the New York Academy of

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33.. Appleton, N. New York:

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37.. Erlander, S. The Cause

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38.. Crook, W. J. The Yeast

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39.. Heaton, K. The Sweet Road

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40.. Cleave, T. The Saccharine

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41.. Ibid.

42.. Cleave, T. and ,

G. (Bristol, England:Diabetes, Coronary Thrombosis and the Saccharine

Disease: and Sons, 1960).

43.. Behall, K. Influ ence of

Estrogen Content of Oral Contraceptives and Consumption of Sucrose on

Blood Parameters. Disease Abstracts International. 1982;431437.

44.. Tjäderhane, L. and

Larmas, M. A High Sucrose Diet Decreases the Mechanical Strength of Bones

in Growing Rats. Journal of Nutrition. 1998:128:1807_1810.

45.. Beck, Nielsen H.,

Pedersen O., and Schwartz S. Effects of Diet on the Cellular Insulin

Binding and the Insulin Sensitivity in Young Healthy Subjects. Diabetes.

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46.. Sucrose Induces Diabetes

in Cat. Federal Protocol. 1974;6(97). diabetes

47.. Reiser, S., et al.

Effects of Sugars on Indices on Glucose Tolerance in Humans. American

Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1986;43:151-159.

48.. Journal of Clinical

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49.. Hodges, R., and Rebello,

T. Carbohydrates and Blood Pressure. ls of Internal Medicine.

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50.. Behar, D., et al. Sugar

Challenge Testing with Children Considered Behaviorally Sugar Reactive.

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51.. Furth, A. and Harding, J.

Why Sugar Is Bad For You. New Scientist. Sep 23, 1989;44.

52.. , J. Is The Sand

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53.. Appleton, N. New York:

LICK THE SUGAR HABIT. Avery Penguin Putnam:1988. allergies

54.. Cleave, T. The Saccharine

Disease: (New Canaan Ct: Keats Publishing, Inc., 1974).131.

55.. Ibid. 132

56.. Pamplona, R., et al.

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174_181.

57.. Vaccaro O., Ruth, K. J.

and Stamler J. Relationship of Postload Plasma Glucose to Mortality with

19 yr Follow up. Diabetes Care. Oct 15,1992;10:328_334. Tominaga, M., et

al, Impaired Glucose Tolerance Is a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular

Disease, but Not Fasting Glucose. Diabetes Care. 1999:2(6):920-924.

58.. Lee, A. T. and Cerami, A.

Modifications of Proteins and Nucleic Acids by Reducing Sugars: Possible

Role in Aging. Handbook of the Biology of Aging. (New York: Academic

Press, 1990.).

59.. Monnier, V. M.

Nonenzymatic Glycosylation, the Maillard Reaction and the Aging Process.

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60.. Cerami, A., Vlassara, H.,

and Brownlee, M. Glucose and Aging. Scientific American. May 1987:00:00

90

61.. Dyer, D. G., et al.

Accumulation of Maillard Reaction Products in Skin Collagen in Diabetes

and Aging. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1993:93(6):421_22.

62.. Veromann, S.et

al. " Dietary Sugar and Salt Represent Real Risk Factors for Cataract

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63.. Goulart, F. S. Are You

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64.. Monnier, V. M.

Nonenzymatic Glycosylation, the Maillard Reaction and the Aging Process.

Journal of Gerontology. 1990:45(4):105_110.

65.. Ceriello, A. Oxidative

Stress and Glycemic Regulation. Metabolism. Feb 2000;49(2 Suppl 1):27-29.

66.. Appleton, . New

York; Lick the Sugar Habit. Avery Penguin Putnam, 1988 enzymes

67.. Hellenbrand, W. Diet and

Parkinson's Disease. A Possible Role for the Past Intake of Specific

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in a Case-control Study. Neurology. Sep 1996;47(3):644-650.

68.. Goulart, F. S. Are You

Sugar Smart? American Fitness. March_April 1991:00:00 34_38.

69.. Ibid.

70.. Yudkin, J., Kang, S. and

Bruckdorfer, K. Effects of High Dietary Sugar. British Journal of

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71.. Blacklock, N. J., Sucrose

and Idiopathic Renal Stone. Nutrition and Health. 1987;5(1-2):9- Curhan,

G., et al. Beverage Use and Risk for Kidney Stones in Women. ls of

Internal Medicine. 1998:28:534-340.

72.. Goulart, F. S. Are You

Sugar Smart? American Fitness. March_April 1991:00:00 34_38. Milwakuee,

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73.. Ibid. fluid retention

74.. Ibid. bowel movement

75.. Ibid. compromise the

lining of the capillaries

76.. Nash, J. Health

Contenders. Essence. Jan 1992; 23:00 79_81.

77.. Grand, E. Food Allergies

and Migraine.Lancet. 1979:1:955_959.

78.. Schauss, A. Diet, Crime

and Delinquency. (Berkley Ca; House, 1981.)

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80.. Christensen, L. The Role

of Caffeine and Sugar in Depression. Nutrition Report. Mar

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81.. Ibid,44

82.. Yudkin, J. Sweet and

Dangerous.(New York:Bantam Books,1974) 129

83.. Frey, J. Is There Sugar

in the Alzheimer's Disease? les De Biologie Clinique. 2001; 59

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84.. Yudkin, J. Metabolic

Changes Induced by Sugar in Relation to Coronary Heart Disease and

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85.. Yudkin, J and Eisa, O.

Dietary Sucrose and Oestradiol Concentration in Young Men. ls of

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86.. The Edell Health Letter.

Sept 1991;7:1.

87.. Gardner, L. and Reiser,

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88.. Journal of Advanced

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89.. Ceriello, A. Oxidative

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90.. Postgraduate

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91.. Lenders, C. M.

Gestational Age and Infant Size at Birth Are Associated with Dietary

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92.. Ibid.

93.. Sugar, White Flour

Withdrawal Produces Chemical Response. The Addiction Letter. Jul

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94.. Ibid.

95.. Sunehag, A. L., et al. Gluconeogenesis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition Diabetes. 1999 ;48 7991_800.

96.. Christensen L., et al. Impact of A Dietary Change on Emotional Distress. Journal of Abnormal Psychology.1985;94(4):565_79.

97.. Nutrition Health Review. Fall 85 changes sugar into fat faster than fat

98.. Ludwig, D. S., et al. High Glycemic Index Foods, Overeating and Obesity. Pediatrics. March 1999;103(3):26-32.

99.. Pediatrics Research. 1995;38(4):539-542. Berdonces, J. L. Attention Deficit and Infantile Hyperactivity. Rev Enferm. Jan 2001;4(1)11-4

100.. Blacklock, N. J. Sucrose and Idiopathic Renal Stone. Nutrition Health. 1987;5(1 & 2):9-

101.. Lechin, F., et al. Effects of an Oral Glucose Load on Plasma Neurotransmitters in Humans. Neurophychobiology. 1992;26(1-2):4-11.

102.. Fields, M. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. Aug 1998;17(4):317_321.

103.. Arieff, A. I. Veterans Administration Medical Center in San Francisco. San Mercury; June 12/86. IVs of sugar water can cut off oxygen to the brain.

104.. Sandler, P. Diet Prevents Polio. Milwakuee, WI,:The Lee Foundation for for Nutritional Research, 1951

105.. , . The Role of Sugar in Epileptic Seizures. Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients. May, 2001 Is Editor of Epilepsy Wellness Newsletter, 1462 West 5th Ave., Eugene, Oregon 97402

106.. Stern, N. & Tuck, M. Pathogenesis of Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus, a Fundamental and Clinical Test. 2nd Edition, (PhiladelphiA; A:Lippincott & Wilkins, 2000)943-957.

107.. Christansen, D. Critical Care: Sugar Limit Saves Lives. Science News. June 30, 2001; 159:404.

108.. Donnini, D. et al. Glucose May Induce Cell Death through a Free Radical-mediated Mechanism.Biochem Biohhys Res Commun. Feb 15, 1996:219(2):412-417.

109.. Schoenthaler, S. The Los Angeles Probation Department Diet-Behavior Program: Am Empirical Analysis of Six Institutional Settings. Int J Biosocial Res 5(2):88-89.

110.. Gluconeogenesis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition. Diabetes. 1999 Apr;48(4):791-800.

111.. Glinsmann, W., et al. Evaluation of Health Aspects of Sugar Contained in Carbohydrate Sweeteners. " FDA Report of Sugars Task Force -1986 39 123 Yudkin, J. and Eisa, O. Dietary Sucrose and Oestradiol Concentration in Young Men. ls of Nutrition and Metabolism. 1988;32(2):53-5.

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