Guest guest Posted September 13, 2004 Report Share Posted September 13, 2004 http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/extract/287/4/425? maxtoshow= & HITS=10 & hits=10 & RESULTFORMAT= & fulltext=fungal+diseases & sear chid=1095042259780_5006 & stored_search= & FIRSTINDEX=50 & journalcode=jama Vol. 287 No. 4, January 23, 2002 Featured Link • Contempo Updates: Linking Evidence and Experience Mycotoxins Ruth A. Etzel, MD, PhD JAMA. 2002;287:425-427. Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings. INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins, chemicals produced by fungi, may have developed to serve as a chemical defense system against insects, microorganisms, nematodes, grazing animals, and humans. Approximately 400 known mycotoxins exist. This article describes the major mycotoxins that affect human health and highlights the mycotoxins with potential bioterrorist use. Mycotoxins can benefit humans by their use as antibiotics (penicillins), immunosuppressants (cyclosporine), and in control of postpartum hemorrhage and migraine headaches (ergot alkaloids). Mycotoxins are also capable of producing illness and death in humans and animals. Table 1 lists 4 major classes of mycotoxins and their health effects. Table appears in full text version. Table. Selected Mycotoxins and Their Effects Exposure to mycotoxins may occur through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure.1-2 The mycotoxins were discovered when epidemics of illness were traced to ingestion of moldy food. Massive mycotoxin contamination of food resulting in outbreaks of illness occurs only rarely today in developing . . . [Full Text of this Article] Aflatoxins Ergot Alkaloids Fumonisins Trichothecenes Vomitoxin Satratoxin Prevention Mycotoxins and Biological Warfare RELATED ARTICLES IN JAMA January 23/30, 2002 JAMA. 2002;287:527-528. EXTRACT | FULL TEXT http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/16/3/497 Mycotoxins and Klich Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2003;16:497-516. ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT Articles by , J. W. Articles by Klich, M. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, July 2003, p. 497-516, Vol. 16, No. 3 0893-8512/03/$08.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/CMR.16.3.497-516.2003 Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Mycotoxins J. W. 1* and M. Klich2 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118,1 Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 701242 Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by microfungi that are capable of causing disease and death in humans and other animals. Because of their pharmacological activity, some mycotoxins or mycotoxin derivatives have found use as antibiotics, growth promotants, and other kinds of drugs; still others have been implicated as chemical warfare agents. This review focuses on the most important ones associated with human and veterinary diseases, including aflatoxin, citrinin, ergot akaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxin A, patulin, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- * Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118. Phone: (504) 788-8101. Fax: (504) 788-8765. E-mail: jbennett@.... Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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