Mycotoxins and antifungal drug interactions: implications in the treatment of

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1: ScientificWorldJournal. 2004 Mar 12;4:167-77.

Mycotoxins and antifungal drug interactions: implications in the

treatment of illnesses due to indoor chronic toxigenic mold

exposures.

Anyanwu EC, AW, Ehiri JE.

Cahers Neurosciences Research, Inc., 8787 Shenandoah Park Drive,

Suite 122, Conroe, TX 77385, USA. ebereanyanwu@...

Chronic exposure to toxigenic molds in water-damaged buildings is an

indoor environmental health problem to which escalating health and

property insurance costs are raising a statewide concern in recent

times. This paper reviews the structural and functional properties

of mycotoxins produced by toxigenic molds and their interactive

health implications with antifungal drugs. Fundamental bases of

pathophysiological, neurodevelopmental, and cellular mechanisms of

mycotoxic effects are evaluated. It is most likely that the

interactions of mycotoxins with antifungal drugs may, at least in

part, contribute to the observable persistent illnesses, antifungal

drug resistance, and allergic reactions in patients exposed to

chronic toxigenic molds. Safe dose level of mycotoxin in humans is

not clear. Hence, the safety regulations in place at the moment

remain inconclusive, precautionary, and arbitrary. Since some of the

antifungal drugs are derived from molds, and since they have

structural and functional groups similar to those of mycotoxins, the

knowledge of their interactions are important in enhancing

preventive measures.