Prostate cancer risks: Birth size and carotenoids

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Hi All,

The pdf not available papers below suggest two

factors for the incidence of a major human cancer,

prostate cancer. It affects older males and its

association with CR and our weights have not

been demonstrated clearly in my understanding.

Maybe, the diets of our mothers during their

pregnancies with us and our diets can help

prevent this cancer.

Birth size and subsequent risk for prostate cancer:

A prospective population-based study in Norway

(Int J Cancer. 2005, p 1002-1004)

Tom I.L. Nilsen, Pål R. Romundstad, Troisi, Lars J. Vatten

Studies on birth size characteristics and adult risk for prostate

cancer have been few and inconclusive. We prospectively examined the

association between birth size and risk for prostate cancer with

particular emphasis on metastatic disease. A total of 19,681

singleton males born between 1920 and 1958, whose birth records were

kept at St. Olav's University Hospital (Trondheim, Norway), were

followed up for prostate cancer by linkage to the Norwegian Cancer

Registry. A total of 159 cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed

during follow-up; 33 had metastases at diagnosis. Overall, there was

little evidence for any association between birth size and prostate

cancer risk; however, there was a positive association for birth size

and metastatic disease. Men in the highest quartile of birth length

(53 cm) had a relative risk of 2.5 (95% CI 1.0-6.3) compared to men

in the lowest quartile (<51 cm). Further, men in the highest quartile

of both birth weight and birth length had a relative risk of 3.8 (95%

CI 1.2-12.0) for metastatic prostate cancer compared to men in the

lowest category of both factors. These results support the hypothesis

that factors that determine intrauterine growth could be important

for aggressive forms of prostate cancer in adulthood.

Jian L, Du CJ, Lee AH, Binns CW.

Do dietary lycopene and other carotenoids protect against prostate

cancer?

Int J Cancer. 2005 Mar 1;113(6):1010-4.

PMID: 15514967 [PubMed - in process]

To determine whether dietary intake of lycopene and other

carotenoids has an etiological association with prostate cancer, a

case-control study was conducted in Hangzhou, southeast China during

2001-2002. The cases were 130 incident patients with histologically

confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The controls were 274

hospital inpatients without prostate cancer or any other malignant

diseases. Information on usual food consumption, including vegetables

and fruits, was collected by face-to-face interviews using a

structured food frequency questionnaire. The risks of prostate cancer

for the intake of carotenoids and selected vegetables and fruits rich

in carotenoids were assessed using multivariate logistic regression,

adjusting for age, locality, education, income, body mass index,

marital status, number of children, family history of prostate

cancer, tea drinking, total fat and caloric intake. The prostate

cancer risk declined with increasing consumption of lycopene, alpha-

carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin.

Intake of tomatoes, pumpkin, spinach, watermelon and citrus fruits

were also inversely associated with the prostate cancer risk. The

adjusted odds ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartiles of

intake were 0.18 (95% CI: 0.08-0.41) for lycopene, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.21-

0.85) for alpha-carotene, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.17-0.69) for beta-carotene,

0.15 (95% CI: 0.06-0.34) for beta-cryptoxanthin and 0.02 (95% CI:

0.01-0.10) for lutein and zeaxanthin. The corresponding dose-response

relationships were also significant, suggesting that vegetables and

fruits rich in lycopene and other carotenoids may be protective

against prostate cancer.