Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 C'est vrai: no significant vit. D in salmon. So what? Who would be wacky enough to depend upon salmon for vitamin D???? Go out in the sun, take a supplement, etc..... On Apr 5, 2005 1:56 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: > > According to this article salmon does not contain Vit D. This is contrary > to other sources that we've posted here. Does anyone know what the correct > scoop on Vit D and fish (especially salmon) is??? > > A Deficiency of D? > > By Sally Squires > > A new national study finds that most adults, especially those over 50, > fall short on recommended daily levels of vitamin D, an essential nutrient > long known to preserve bones and now increasingly tied to protection against > ailments from cancer to rheumatoid arthritis. > > And no, just drinking more vitamin-D fortified milk or juice may not make > up the deficit, many experts say, although it can help. Spending 10 to 15 > minutes in the sun, done with proper care, might. > > The study is based on data drawn from a large, federally funded national > health survey and analyzed by a team of scientists from Boston University > and private industry. Presented yesterday at the Experimental Biology annual > meeting in San Diego, the study found that vitamin D intakes peak during > childhood and teenage years and then decline. > > Women ages 19 to 50, as well as men and women 51 and older, ate the least > food rich in vitamin D. Even when the team accounted for use of vitamin D > dietary supplements, few older men and women reached recommended daily > levels. The researchers concluded that the low intakes, especially for the > aged, " warrant intervention. " > > At a time when researchers are discovering a widening role for vitamin D, > " many lines of investigation indicate that most Americans do not have > optimal levels of vitamin D, mainly because of low sunlight exposure, " said > Walter Willett, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard > School of Public Health in Boston. Willett convened a meeting in January > with leading vitamin D researchers and vitamin manufacturers to review the > latest findings. Since there are limited food sources of vitamin D, " the > most practical way to increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " > Willett said. > > Unlike other essential nutrients, vitamin D is made by the skin, which > requires ultraviolet light to produce the vitamin from cholesterol. Those in > the Washington area and others who live north of Newport News, Va., often > don't get enough sun exposure year round to make sufficient vitamin D. > > Concern over skin cancer means that more people are wearing sunblocks, > which inhibit production of vitamin D. Dark-skinned people have to spend up > to a couple of hours in the sun to make enough vitamin D. Light-skinned > people can get what they need in about 10 to 15 minutes. > > The skin's ability to make vitamin D declines significantly with age. For > this reason, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) set the latest vitamin D > daily intake on an age-related scale: 200 International Units (IU) -- > about the amount found in two eight-ounce glasses of milk -- for those 19 > to 50 years of age; 400 IU for those aged 51 to 70 years; and 600 IU for > people 70 and older. The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU > for adults. Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. > > But a growing number of scientists believe that vitamin D intake should be > at least 1,000 IU or higher. > > " Fifty years ago, a bunch of guys got in a room and said, 'We know that a > teaspoon of cod liver oil cures rickets in a child and it has 400 IU of > vitamin D,' " said Bruce Hollis, a professor of pediatrics, biochemistry and > molecular biology at the Medical University of South Carolina. " They > transposed that amount onto adults. It was arbitrarily set with no evidence > [in adults] at all. " > > Where research once suggested a limited health role for vitamin D, today > there is increasing evidence that it protects against breast, colon and > prostate cancer. Population studies show that people with the highest > vitamin D levels are less likely to develop multiple sclerosis, lupus, > rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases than those with lower > levels. Plus it appears that vitamin D may protect against heart disease, > type 2 diabetes and the insulin resistance that precedes it. > > " If just half the chronic diseases laid at the feet of vitamin D pan out, > it will be quite significant, " said P. Heaney, a professor of > medicine at Creighton University in Omaha and a proponent for increasing > vitamin D intake. > > Just a decade ago, scientists developed an inexpensive blood test that more > accurately determines vitamin D status. Use of that test revealed widespread > deficiencies and led the NAS to note in 1997 that vitamin D " deficiency is > now a significant concern in adults over the age of 50 years who live in the > northern industrialized cities of the world. " > > In 2004, the dietary guidelines scientific committee concluded the elderly, > people with dark skin and those exposed to insufficient sunlight " are at > risk of being unable to maintain vitamin D status " and may " need > substantially more than " the 1997 recommendations called for. > > But some doctors worry that the evidence is still preliminary. Few if any > studies " show that people are having problems with the lower limits of > vitamin D being where they are, " said New York University dermatologist > Darrel Rigel, a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. > > Dermatologists are particularly concerned that raising the vitamin D > recommendation might tempt some people to spend more time in the sun or in > tanning booths, thus increasing their risk of skin cancer. " Our > recommendation is to take either vitamin pills or eat food that we know has > higher levels of vitamin D, " rather than increase sun exposure, said Henry > Lim, chairman of dermatology at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit. > > Here's how to boost vitamin D levels safely: > > Drink vitamin D fortified beverages. While diet alone is unlikely to get > you to the levels needed, drinking milk and other vitamin D fortified > beverages will help. Some juice and soy milk is also fortified. An 8-ounce > glass of any of these beverages delivers about 100 IU, or about half the > intake recommended daily for adults 19 to 50 years of age; a quarter of the > amount for adults 51 to 70; and just a sixth of the intake for those 70 and > older. Yogurt and cheese are not fortified with vitamin D. > > Eat more herring and sardines. An ounce of pickled herring has nearly > 200 IU of vitamin D. Two small sardines have 65 IU. But not all fish > contains vitamin D. Salmon and tuna, for example, have none. > > Breakfast on fortified cereal or cereal bars. A cup of vitamin D > fortified cereal delivers about 40 to 60 IU of vitamin D. Fortified cereal > bars have even less: about 30 IU per bar. > > Take a multivitamin or other supplement. Most multivitamins, even the > ones aimed at seniors, provide 400 IU of vitamin D, which won't cover those > 70 and older. Some vitamin and health food stores sell gelcaps of vitamin D > supplements that range from 700 IU to 2,000 IU. " The most practical way to > increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " said Harvard's Willett. > > Fun in the sun. Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen > allows a light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, > according to Hollis. But much of that dose quickly " goes away, " he said. > You'd need such exposures at least every few days in order to sustain > adequate levels. Since regular sun exposure increases skin cancer risk, > " it's okay to expose yourself a little to the sun, " said Henry Ford's Lim, > " but not too much. " • > > > > Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Lots of us would be wacky enough to try to get some from fish in the winter months. Especially in northern latitudes. on 4/5/2005 2:15 PM, Dowling at christopher.a.dowling@... wrote: > > C'est vrai: no significant vit. D in salmon. So what? Who would be > wacky enough to depend upon salmon for vitamin D???? > > Go out in the sun, take a supplement, etc..... > > On Apr 5, 2005 1:56 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: >> >> According to this article salmon does not contain Vit D. This is contrary >> to other sources that we've posted here. Does anyone know what the correct >> scoop on Vit D and fish (especially salmon) is??? >> >> A Deficiency of D? >> >> By Sally Squires >> >> A new national study finds that most adults, especially those over 50, >> fall short on recommended daily levels of vitamin D, an essential nutrient >> long known to preserve bones and now increasingly tied to protection against >> ailments from cancer to rheumatoid arthritis. >> >> And no, just drinking more vitamin-D fortified milk or juice may not make >> up the deficit, many experts say, although it can help. Spending 10 to 15 >> minutes in the sun, done with proper care, might. >> >> The study is based on data drawn from a large, federally funded national >> health survey and analyzed by a team of scientists from Boston University >> and private industry. Presented yesterday at the Experimental Biology annual >> meeting in San Diego, the study found that vitamin D intakes peak during >> childhood and teenage years and then decline. >> >> Women ages 19 to 50, as well as men and women 51 and older, ate the least >> food rich in vitamin D. Even when the team accounted for use of vitamin D >> dietary supplements, few older men and women reached recommended daily >> levels. The researchers concluded that the low intakes, especially for the >> aged, " warrant intervention. " >> >> At a time when researchers are discovering a widening role for vitamin D, >> " many lines of investigation indicate that most Americans do not have >> optimal levels of vitamin D, mainly because of low sunlight exposure, " said >> Walter Willett, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard >> School of Public Health in Boston. Willett convened a meeting in January >> with leading vitamin D researchers and vitamin manufacturers to review the >> latest findings. Since there are limited food sources of vitamin D, " the >> most practical way to increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " >> Willett said. >> >> Unlike other essential nutrients, vitamin D is made by the skin, which >> requires ultraviolet light to produce the vitamin from cholesterol. Those in >> the Washington area and others who live north of Newport News, Va., often >> don't get enough sun exposure year round to make sufficient vitamin D. >> >> Concern over skin cancer means that more people are wearing sunblocks, >> which inhibit production of vitamin D. Dark-skinned people have to spend up >> to a couple of hours in the sun to make enough vitamin D. Light-skinned >> people can get what they need in about 10 to 15 minutes. >> >> The skin's ability to make vitamin D declines significantly with age. For >> this reason, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) set the latest vitamin D >> daily intake on an age-related scale: 200 International Units (IU) -- >> about the amount found in two eight-ounce glasses of milk -- for those 19 >> to 50 years of age; 400 IU for those aged 51 to 70 years; and 600 IU for >> people 70 and older. The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU >> for adults. Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. >> >> But a growing number of scientists believe that vitamin D intake should be >> at least 1,000 IU or higher. >> >> " Fifty years ago, a bunch of guys got in a room and said, 'We know that a >> teaspoon of cod liver oil cures rickets in a child and it has 400 IU of >> vitamin D,' " said Bruce Hollis, a professor of pediatrics, biochemistry and >> molecular biology at the Medical University of South Carolina. " They >> transposed that amount onto adults. It was arbitrarily set with no evidence >> [in adults] at all. " >> >> Where research once suggested a limited health role for vitamin D, today >> there is increasing evidence that it protects against breast, colon and >> prostate cancer. Population studies show that people with the highest >> vitamin D levels are less likely to develop multiple sclerosis, lupus, >> rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases than those with lower >> levels. Plus it appears that vitamin D may protect against heart disease, >> type 2 diabetes and the insulin resistance that precedes it. >> >> " If just half the chronic diseases laid at the feet of vitamin D pan out, >> it will be quite significant, " said P. Heaney, a professor of >> medicine at Creighton University in Omaha and a proponent for increasing >> vitamin D intake. >> >> Just a decade ago, scientists developed an inexpensive blood test that more >> accurately determines vitamin D status. Use of that test revealed widespread >> deficiencies and led the NAS to note in 1997 that vitamin D " deficiency is >> now a significant concern in adults over the age of 50 years who live in the >> northern industrialized cities of the world. " >> >> In 2004, the dietary guidelines scientific committee concluded the elderly, >> people with dark skin and those exposed to insufficient sunlight " are at >> risk of being unable to maintain vitamin D status " and may " need >> substantially more than " the 1997 recommendations called for. >> >> But some doctors worry that the evidence is still preliminary. Few if any >> studies " show that people are having problems with the lower limits of >> vitamin D being where they are, " said New York University dermatologist >> Darrel Rigel, a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. >> >> Dermatologists are particularly concerned that raising the vitamin D >> recommendation might tempt some people to spend more time in the sun or in >> tanning booths, thus increasing their risk of skin cancer. " Our >> recommendation is to take either vitamin pills or eat food that we know has >> higher levels of vitamin D, " rather than increase sun exposure, said Henry >> Lim, chairman of dermatology at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit. >> >> Here's how to boost vitamin D levels safely: >> >> Drink vitamin D fortified beverages. While diet alone is unlikely to get >> you to the levels needed, drinking milk and other vitamin D fortified >> beverages will help. Some juice and soy milk is also fortified. An 8-ounce >> glass of any of these beverages delivers about 100 IU, or about half the >> intake recommended daily for adults 19 to 50 years of age; a quarter of the >> amount for adults 51 to 70; and just a sixth of the intake for those 70 and >> older. Yogurt and cheese are not fortified with vitamin D. >> >> Eat more herring and sardines. An ounce of pickled herring has nearly >> 200 IU of vitamin D. Two small sardines have 65 IU. But not all fish >> contains vitamin D. Salmon and tuna, for example, have none. >> >> Breakfast on fortified cereal or cereal bars. A cup of vitamin D >> fortified cereal delivers about 40 to 60 IU of vitamin D. Fortified cereal >> bars have even less: about 30 IU per bar. >> >> Take a multivitamin or other supplement. Most multivitamins, even the >> ones aimed at seniors, provide 400 IU of vitamin D, which won't cover those >> 70 and older. Some vitamin and health food stores sell gelcaps of vitamin D >> supplements that range from 700 IU to 2,000 IU. " The most practical way to >> increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " said Harvard's Willett. >> >> Fun in the sun. Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen >> allows a light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, >> according to Hollis. But much of that dose quickly " goes away, " he said. >> You'd need such exposures at least every few days in order to sustain >> adequate levels. Since regular sun exposure increases skin cancer risk, >> " it's okay to expose yourself a little to the sun, " said Henry Ford's Lim, >> " but not too much. " € >> >> >> >> Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Hi Francesca: As usual, regarding vitamin D content of salmon, it depends on who you ask. Here is a Webmd column saying that 3 oz of salmon contains 425 IU (lots of it) of vitamin D: http://my.webmd.com/content/article/78/95751.htm A Google search reveals other sources, including one at the University of Michigan, which says salmon contains vitamin D, but does not specify the amount. The problem may be that the USDA database was put together by various sources submitting the data they have. If no one happens to have submitted data for vitamin D in salmon, then none is indicated in the database. So that may, possibly, be the explanation - people assuming no data means zero - when in fact no data may just mean no data happened to be submitted for that particular nutrient for that particular food. I found the exact same problem regarding the vitamin k content of kale. Rodney. > According to this article salmon does not contain Vit D. This is contrary > to other sources that we've posted here. Does anyone know what the correct > scoop on Vit D and fish (especially salmon) is??? > > A Deficiency of D? > > By Sally Squires > > A new national study finds that most adults, especially those over 50, > fall short on recommended daily levels of vitamin D, an essential nutrient > long known to preserve bones and now increasingly tied to protection against > ailments from cancer to rheumatoid arthritis. > > And no, just drinking more vitamin-D fortified milk or juice may not make > up the deficit, many experts say, although it can help. Spending 10 to 15 > minutes in the sun, done with proper care, might. > > The study is based on data drawn from a large, federally funded national > health survey and analyzed by a team of scientists from Boston University > and private industry. Presented yesterday at the Experimental Biology annual > meeting in San Diego, the study found that vitamin D intakes peak during > childhood and teenage years and then decline. > > Women ages 19 to 50, as well as men and women 51 and older, ate the least > food rich in vitamin D. Even when the team accounted for use of vitamin D > dietary supplements, few older men and women reached recommended daily > levels. The researchers concluded that the low intakes, especially for the > aged, " warrant intervention. " > > At a time when researchers are discovering a widening role for vitamin D, > " many lines of investigation indicate that most Americans do not have > optimal levels of vitamin D, mainly because of low sunlight exposure, " said > Walter Willett, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard > School of Public Health in Boston. Willett convened a meeting in January > with leading vitamin D researchers and vitamin manufacturers to review the > latest findings. Since there are limited food sources of vitamin D, " the > most practical way to increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " > Willett said. > > Unlike other essential nutrients, vitamin D is made by the skin, which > requires ultraviolet light to produce the vitamin from cholesterol. Those in > the Washington area and others who live north of Newport News, Va., often > don't get enough sun exposure year round to make sufficient vitamin D. > > Concern over skin cancer means that more people are wearing sunblocks, > which inhibit production of vitamin D. Dark-skinned people have to spend up > to a couple of hours in the sun to make enough vitamin D. Light- skinned > people can get what they need in about 10 to 15 minutes. > > The skin's ability to make vitamin D declines significantly with age. For > this reason, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) set the latest vitamin D > daily intake on an age-related scale: 200 International Units (IU) -- > about the amount found in two eight-ounce glasses of milk -- for those 19 > to 50 years of age; 400 IU for those aged 51 to 70 years; and 600 IU for > people 70 and older. The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU > for adults. Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. > > But a growing number of scientists believe that vitamin D intake should be > at least 1,000 IU or higher. > > " Fifty years ago, a bunch of guys got in a room and said, 'We know that a > teaspoon of cod liver oil cures rickets in a child and it has 400 IU of > vitamin D,' " said Bruce Hollis, a professor of pediatrics, biochemistry and > molecular biology at the Medical University of South Carolina. " They > transposed that amount onto adults. It was arbitrarily set with no evidence > [in adults] at all. " > > Where research once suggested a limited health role for vitamin D, today > there is increasing evidence that it protects against breast, colon and > prostate cancer. Population studies show that people with the highest > vitamin D levels are less likely to develop multiple sclerosis, lupus, > rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases than those with lower > levels. Plus it appears that vitamin D may protect against heart disease, > type 2 diabetes and the insulin resistance that precedes it. > > " If just half the chronic diseases laid at the feet of vitamin D pan out, > it will be quite significant, " said P. Heaney, a professor of > medicine at Creighton University in Omaha and a proponent for increasing > vitamin D intake. > > Just a decade ago, scientists developed an inexpensive blood test that more > accurately determines vitamin D status. Use of that test revealed widespread > deficiencies and led the NAS to note in 1997 that vitamin D " deficiency is > now a significant concern in adults over the age of 50 years who live in the > northern industrialized cities of the world. " > > In 2004, the dietary guidelines scientific committee concluded the elderly, > people with dark skin and those exposed to insufficient sunlight " are at > risk of being unable to maintain vitamin D status " and may " need > substantially more than " the 1997 recommendations called for. > > But some doctors worry that the evidence is still preliminary. Few if any > studies " show that people are having problems with the lower limits of > vitamin D being where they are, " said New York University dermatologist > Darrel Rigel, a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. > > Dermatologists are particularly concerned that raising the vitamin D > recommendation might tempt some people to spend more time in the sun or in > tanning booths, thus increasing their risk of skin cancer. " Our > recommendation is to take either vitamin pills or eat food that we know has > higher levels of vitamin D, " rather than increase sun exposure, said Henry > Lim, chairman of dermatology at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit. > > Here's how to boost vitamin D levels safely: > > Drink vitamin D fortified beverages. While diet alone is unlikely to get > you to the levels needed, drinking milk and other vitamin D fortified > beverages will help. Some juice and soy milk is also fortified. An 8-ounce > glass of any of these beverages delivers about 100 IU, or about half the > intake recommended daily for adults 19 to 50 years of age; a quarter of the > amount for adults 51 to 70; and just a sixth of the intake for those 70 and > older. Yogurt and cheese are not fortified with vitamin D. > > Eat more herring and sardines. An ounce of pickled herring has nearly > 200 IU of vitamin D. Two small sardines have 65 IU. But not all fish > contains vitamin D. Salmon and tuna, for example, have none. > > Breakfast on fortified cereal or cereal bars. A cup of vitamin D > fortified cereal delivers about 40 to 60 IU of vitamin D. Fortified cereal > bars have even less: about 30 IU per bar. > > Take a multivitamin or other supplement. Most multivitamins, even the > ones aimed at seniors, provide 400 IU of vitamin D, which won't cover those > 70 and older. Some vitamin and health food stores sell gelcaps of vitamin D > supplements that range from 700 IU to 2,000 IU. " The most practical way to > increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " said Harvard's Willett. > > Fun in the sun. Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen > allows a light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, > according to Hollis. But much of that dose quickly " goes away, " he said. > You'd need such exposures at least every few days in order to sustain > adequate levels. Since regular sun exposure increases skin cancer risk, > " it's okay to expose yourself a little to the sun, " said Henry Ford's Lim, > " but not too much. " • Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Hi All, Try sarines. Cheers, Al Pater. > > On Apr 5, 2005 1:56 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: > > > > According to this article salmon does not contain Vit D. This is contrary > > to other sources that we've posted here. Does anyone know what the correct > > scoop on Vit D and fish (especially salmon) is??? > > Al Pater, PhD; email: old542000@... __________________________________________________ Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Salmon be de wrongo fishy den: Finfish and Shellfish Products # IU/200 Cal Food Name 002 2061 Fish, herring, Atlantic, raw 004 1053 Fish, catfish, channel, wild, raw 005 941.5 Mollusks, oyster, eastern, wild, raw 006 898.1 Fish, salmon, pink, canned, solids with bone and liquid 008 645.1 Fish, halibut, Greenland, raw 009 519.2 Fish, herring, Atlantic, pickled 010 516.2 Fish, sardine, Pacific, canned in tomato sauce, drained solids with bone 011 351.3 Fish, mackerel, Atlantic, raw 012 323.1 Fish, mackerel, jack, canned, drained solids 013 317.8 Fish, salmon, chum, drained solids with bone 015 286.8 Crustaceans, shrimp, mixed species, raw 016 261.6 Fish, sardine, Atlantic, canned in oil, drained solids with bone 021 238.5 Fish, tuna, light, canned in oil, drained solids 030 184.2 Fish, caviar, black and red, granular 034 160 Fish, cod, Atlantic, canned, solids and liquid 038 131.9 Fish, flatfish (flounder and sole species On Apr 5, 2005 2:38 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: > > Lots of us would be wacky enough to try to get some from fish in the winter > months. Especially in northern latitudes. > > on 4/5/2005 2:15 PM, Dowling at christopher.a.dowling@... > wrote: > > > > > C'est vrai: no significant vit. D in salmon. So what? Who would be > > wacky enough to depend upon salmon for vitamin D???? > > > > Go out in the sun, take a supplement, etc..... > > > > On Apr 5, 2005 1:56 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: > >> > >> According to this article salmon does not contain Vit D. This is contrary > >> to other sources that we've posted here. Does anyone know what the correct > >> scoop on Vit D and fish (especially salmon) is??? > >> > >> A Deficiency of D? > >> > >> By Sally Squires > >> > >> A new national study finds that most adults, especially those over 50, > >> fall short on recommended daily levels of vitamin D, an essential nutrient > >> long known to preserve bones and now increasingly tied to protection against > >> ailments from cancer to rheumatoid arthritis. > >> > >> And no, just drinking more vitamin-D fortified milk or juice may not make > >> up the deficit, many experts say, although it can help. Spending 10 to 15 > >> minutes in the sun, done with proper care, might. > >> > >> The study is based on data drawn from a large, federally funded national > >> health survey and analyzed by a team of scientists from Boston University > >> and private industry. Presented yesterday at the Experimental Biology annual > >> meeting in San Diego, the study found that vitamin D intakes peak during > >> childhood and teenage years and then decline. > >> > >> Women ages 19 to 50, as well as men and women 51 and older, ate the least > >> food rich in vitamin D. Even when the team accounted for use of vitamin D > >> dietary supplements, few older men and women reached recommended daily > >> levels. The researchers concluded that the low intakes, especially for the > >> aged, " warrant intervention. " > >> > >> At a time when researchers are discovering a widening role for vitamin D, > >> " many lines of investigation indicate that most Americans do not have > >> optimal levels of vitamin D, mainly because of low sunlight exposure, " said > >> Walter Willett, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard > >> School of Public Health in Boston. Willett convened a meeting in January > >> with leading vitamin D researchers and vitamin manufacturers to review the > >> latest findings. Since there are limited food sources of vitamin D, " the > >> most practical way to increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " > >> Willett said. > >> > >> Unlike other essential nutrients, vitamin D is made by the skin, which > >> requires ultraviolet light to produce the vitamin from cholesterol. Those in > >> the Washington area and others who live north of Newport News, Va., often > >> don't get enough sun exposure year round to make sufficient vitamin D. > >> > >> Concern over skin cancer means that more people are wearing sunblocks, > >> which inhibit production of vitamin D. Dark-skinned people have to spend up > >> to a couple of hours in the sun to make enough vitamin D. Light-skinned > >> people can get what they need in about 10 to 15 minutes. > >> > >> The skin's ability to make vitamin D declines significantly with age. For > >> this reason, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) set the latest vitamin D > >> daily intake on an age-related scale: 200 International Units (IU) -- > >> about the amount found in two eight-ounce glasses of milk -- for those 19 > >> to 50 years of age; 400 IU for those aged 51 to 70 years; and 600 IU for > >> people 70 and older. The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU > >> for adults. Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. > >> > >> But a growing number of scientists believe that vitamin D intake should be > >> at least 1,000 IU or higher. > >> > >> " Fifty years ago, a bunch of guys got in a room and said, 'We know that a > >> teaspoon of cod liver oil cures rickets in a child and it has 400 IU of > >> vitamin D,' " said Bruce Hollis, a professor of pediatrics, biochemistry and > >> molecular biology at the Medical University of South Carolina. " They > >> transposed that amount onto adults. It was arbitrarily set with no evidence > >> [in adults] at all. " > >> > >> Where research once suggested a limited health role for vitamin D, today > >> there is increasing evidence that it protects against breast, colon and > >> prostate cancer. Population studies show that people with the highest > >> vitamin D levels are less likely to develop multiple sclerosis, lupus, > >> rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases than those with lower > >> levels. Plus it appears that vitamin D may protect against heart disease, > >> type 2 diabetes and the insulin resistance that precedes it. > >> > >> " If just half the chronic diseases laid at the feet of vitamin D pan out, > >> it will be quite significant, " said P. Heaney, a professor of > >> medicine at Creighton University in Omaha and a proponent for increasing > >> vitamin D intake. > >> > >> Just a decade ago, scientists developed an inexpensive blood test that more > >> accurately determines vitamin D status. Use of that test revealed widespread > >> deficiencies and led the NAS to note in 1997 that vitamin D " deficiency is > >> now a significant concern in adults over the age of 50 years who live in the > >> northern industrialized cities of the world. " > >> > >> In 2004, the dietary guidelines scientific committee concluded the elderly, > >> people with dark skin and those exposed to insufficient sunlight " are at > >> risk of being unable to maintain vitamin D status " and may " need > >> substantially more than " the 1997 recommendations called for. > >> > >> But some doctors worry that the evidence is still preliminary. Few if any > >> studies " show that people are having problems with the lower limits of > >> vitamin D being where they are, " said New York University dermatologist > >> Darrel Rigel, a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. > >> > >> Dermatologists are particularly concerned that raising the vitamin D > >> recommendation might tempt some people to spend more time in the sun or in > >> tanning booths, thus increasing their risk of skin cancer. " Our > >> recommendation is to take either vitamin pills or eat food that we know has > >> higher levels of vitamin D, " rather than increase sun exposure, said Henry > >> Lim, chairman of dermatology at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit. > >> > >> Here's how to boost vitamin D levels safely: > >> > >> Drink vitamin D fortified beverages. While diet alone is unlikely to get > >> you to the levels needed, drinking milk and other vitamin D fortified > >> beverages will help. Some juice and soy milk is also fortified. An 8-ounce > >> glass of any of these beverages delivers about 100 IU, or about half the > >> intake recommended daily for adults 19 to 50 years of age; a quarter of the > >> amount for adults 51 to 70; and just a sixth of the intake for those 70 and > >> older. Yogurt and cheese are not fortified with vitamin D. > >> > >> Eat more herring and sardines. An ounce of pickled herring has nearly > >> 200 IU of vitamin D. Two small sardines have 65 IU. But not all fish > >> contains vitamin D. Salmon and tuna, for example, have none. > >> > >> Breakfast on fortified cereal or cereal bars. A cup of vitamin D > >> fortified cereal delivers about 40 to 60 IU of vitamin D. Fortified cereal > >> bars have even less: about 30 IU per bar. > >> > >> Take a multivitamin or other supplement. Most multivitamins, even the > >> ones aimed at seniors, provide 400 IU of vitamin D, which won't cover those > >> 70 and older. Some vitamin and health food stores sell gelcaps of vitamin D > >> supplements that range from 700 IU to 2,000 IU. " The most practical way to > >> increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " said Harvard's Willett. > >> > >> Fun in the sun. Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen > >> allows a light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, > >> according to Hollis. But much of that dose quickly " goes away, " he said. > >> You'd need such exposures at least every few days in order to sustain > >> adequate levels. Since regular sun exposure increases skin cancer risk, > >> " it's okay to expose yourself a little to the sun, " said Henry Ford's Lim, > >> " but not too much. " € > >> > >> > >> > >> Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 'cept fer chum salmon wit de bonze! On Apr 5, 2005 2:52 PM, Dowling <christopher.a.dowling@...> wrote: > Salmon be de wrongo fishy den: > > Finfish and Shellfish Products > # IU/200 Cal Food Name > 002 2061 Fish, herring, Atlantic, raw > 004 1053 Fish, catfish, channel, wild, raw > 005 941.5 Mollusks, oyster, eastern, wild, raw > 006 898.1 Fish, salmon, pink, canned, solids with bone and liquid > 008 645.1 Fish, halibut, Greenland, raw > 009 519.2 Fish, herring, Atlantic, pickled > 010 516.2 Fish, sardine, Pacific, canned in tomato sauce, drained > solids with bone > 011 351.3 Fish, mackerel, Atlantic, raw > 012 323.1 Fish, mackerel, jack, canned, drained solids > 013 317.8 Fish, salmon, chum, drained solids with bone > 015 286.8 Crustaceans, shrimp, mixed species, raw > 016 261.6 Fish, sardine, Atlantic, canned in oil, drained solids with bone > 021 238.5 Fish, tuna, light, canned in oil, drained solids > 030 184.2 Fish, caviar, black and red, granular > 034 160 Fish, cod, Atlantic, canned, solids and liquid > 038 131.9 Fish, flatfish (flounder and sole species > > On Apr 5, 2005 2:38 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: > > > > Lots of us would be wacky enough to try to get some from fish in the winter > > months. Especially in northern latitudes. > > > > on 4/5/2005 2:15 PM, Dowling at christopher.a.dowling@... > > wrote: > > > > > > > > C'est vrai: no significant vit. D in salmon. So what? Who would be > > > wacky enough to depend upon salmon for vitamin D???? > > > > > > Go out in the sun, take a supplement, etc..... > > > > > > On Apr 5, 2005 1:56 PM, Francesca Skelton <fskelton@...> wrote: > > >> > > >> According to this article salmon does not contain Vit D. This is contrary > > >> to other sources that we've posted here. Does anyone know what the correct > > >> scoop on Vit D and fish (especially salmon) is??? > > >> > > >> A Deficiency of D? > > >> > > >> By Sally Squires > > >> > > >> A new national study finds that most adults, especially those over 50, > > >> fall short on recommended daily levels of vitamin D, an essential nutrient > > >> long known to preserve bones and now increasingly tied to protection against > > >> ailments from cancer to rheumatoid arthritis. > > >> > > >> And no, just drinking more vitamin-D fortified milk or juice may not make > > >> up the deficit, many experts say, although it can help. Spending 10 to 15 > > >> minutes in the sun, done with proper care, might. > > >> > > >> The study is based on data drawn from a large, federally funded national > > >> health survey and analyzed by a team of scientists from Boston University > > >> and private industry. Presented yesterday at the Experimental Biology annual > > >> meeting in San Diego, the study found that vitamin D intakes peak during > > >> childhood and teenage years and then decline. > > >> > > >> Women ages 19 to 50, as well as men and women 51 and older, ate the least > > >> food rich in vitamin D. Even when the team accounted for use of vitamin D > > >> dietary supplements, few older men and women reached recommended daily > > >> levels. The researchers concluded that the low intakes, especially for the > > >> aged, " warrant intervention. " > > >> > > >> At a time when researchers are discovering a widening role for vitamin D, > > >> " many lines of investigation indicate that most Americans do not have > > >> optimal levels of vitamin D, mainly because of low sunlight exposure, " said > > >> Walter Willett, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard > > >> School of Public Health in Boston. Willett convened a meeting in January > > >> with leading vitamin D researchers and vitamin manufacturers to review the > > >> latest findings. Since there are limited food sources of vitamin D, " the > > >> most practical way to increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " > > >> Willett said. > > >> > > >> Unlike other essential nutrients, vitamin D is made by the skin, which > > >> requires ultraviolet light to produce the vitamin from cholesterol. Those in > > >> the Washington area and others who live north of Newport News, Va., often > > >> don't get enough sun exposure year round to make sufficient vitamin D. > > >> > > >> Concern over skin cancer means that more people are wearing sunblocks, > > >> which inhibit production of vitamin D. Dark-skinned people have to spend up > > >> to a couple of hours in the sun to make enough vitamin D. Light-skinned > > >> people can get what they need in about 10 to 15 minutes. > > >> > > >> The skin's ability to make vitamin D declines significantly with age. For > > >> this reason, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) set the latest vitamin D > > >> daily intake on an age-related scale: 200 International Units (IU) -- > > >> about the amount found in two eight-ounce glasses of milk -- for those 19 > > >> to 50 years of age; 400 IU for those aged 51 to 70 years; and 600 IU for > > >> people 70 and older. The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU > > >> for adults. Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. > > >> > > >> But a growing number of scientists believe that vitamin D intake should be > > >> at least 1,000 IU or higher. > > >> > > >> " Fifty years ago, a bunch of guys got in a room and said, 'We know that a > > >> teaspoon of cod liver oil cures rickets in a child and it has 400 IU of > > >> vitamin D,' " said Bruce Hollis, a professor of pediatrics, biochemistry and > > >> molecular biology at the Medical University of South Carolina. " They > > >> transposed that amount onto adults. It was arbitrarily set with no evidence > > >> [in adults] at all. " > > >> > > >> Where research once suggested a limited health role for vitamin D, today > > >> there is increasing evidence that it protects against breast, colon and > > >> prostate cancer. Population studies show that people with the highest > > >> vitamin D levels are less likely to develop multiple sclerosis, lupus, > > >> rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases than those with lower > > >> levels. Plus it appears that vitamin D may protect against heart disease, > > >> type 2 diabetes and the insulin resistance that precedes it. > > >> > > >> " If just half the chronic diseases laid at the feet of vitamin D pan out, > > >> it will be quite significant, " said P. Heaney, a professor of > > >> medicine at Creighton University in Omaha and a proponent for increasing > > >> vitamin D intake. > > >> > > >> Just a decade ago, scientists developed an inexpensive blood test that more > > >> accurately determines vitamin D status. Use of that test revealed widespread > > >> deficiencies and led the NAS to note in 1997 that vitamin D " deficiency is > > >> now a significant concern in adults over the age of 50 years who live in the > > >> northern industrialized cities of the world. " > > >> > > >> In 2004, the dietary guidelines scientific committee concluded the elderly, > > >> people with dark skin and those exposed to insufficient sunlight " are at > > >> risk of being unable to maintain vitamin D status " and may " need > > >> substantially more than " the 1997 recommendations called for. > > >> > > >> But some doctors worry that the evidence is still preliminary. Few if any > > >> studies " show that people are having problems with the lower limits of > > >> vitamin D being where they are, " said New York University dermatologist > > >> Darrel Rigel, a past president of the American Academy of Dermatology. > > >> > > >> Dermatologists are particularly concerned that raising the vitamin D > > >> recommendation might tempt some people to spend more time in the sun or in > > >> tanning booths, thus increasing their risk of skin cancer. " Our > > >> recommendation is to take either vitamin pills or eat food that we know has > > >> higher levels of vitamin D, " rather than increase sun exposure, said Henry > > >> Lim, chairman of dermatology at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit. > > >> > > >> Here's how to boost vitamin D levels safely: > > >> > > >> Drink vitamin D fortified beverages. While diet alone is unlikely to get > > >> you to the levels needed, drinking milk and other vitamin D fortified > > >> beverages will help. Some juice and soy milk is also fortified. An 8-ounce > > >> glass of any of these beverages delivers about 100 IU, or about half the > > >> intake recommended daily for adults 19 to 50 years of age; a quarter of the > > >> amount for adults 51 to 70; and just a sixth of the intake for those 70 and > > >> older. Yogurt and cheese are not fortified with vitamin D. > > >> > > >> Eat more herring and sardines. An ounce of pickled herring has nearly > > >> 200 IU of vitamin D. Two small sardines have 65 IU. But not all fish > > >> contains vitamin D. Salmon and tuna, for example, have none. > > >> > > >> Breakfast on fortified cereal or cereal bars. A cup of vitamin D > > >> fortified cereal delivers about 40 to 60 IU of vitamin D. Fortified cereal > > >> bars have even less: about 30 IU per bar. > > >> > > >> Take a multivitamin or other supplement. Most multivitamins, even the > > >> ones aimed at seniors, provide 400 IU of vitamin D, which won't cover those > > >> 70 and older. Some vitamin and health food stores sell gelcaps of vitamin D > > >> supplements that range from 700 IU to 2,000 IU. " The most practical way to > > >> increase our vitamin D levels is from supplements, " said Harvard's Willett. > > >> > > >> Fun in the sun. Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen > > >> allows a light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, > > >> according to Hollis. But much of that dose quickly " goes away, " he said. > > >> You'd need such exposures at least every few days in order to sustain > > >> adequate levels. Since regular sun exposure increases skin cancer risk, > > >> " it's okay to expose yourself a little to the sun, " said Henry Ford's Lim, > > >> " but not too much. " € > > >> > > >> > > >> > > >> Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Hi All, CRers have more osteoporosis than ad libbers, and osteoporosis treatment involves vitamin D supplementation. CRers also benefit from reduced heart disease risks. The below appears to address the topic that vitamin D has " potential protective (and [] potential harmful) effects on the cardiovascular system " . The pdf of the reviewed paper shown at the end of this message is available. A New " Sunshine " in the Vasculature? Bachschmid, Markus M. PhD; van der Loo, Bernd MD [Editorial] Circulation. 2005; 111: 1571-1573 The discovery of vitamin D (calciol) was one of the great achievements in medicine and helped to eliminate rachitis in children and osteomalacia in adults. Vitamin D systemically acts on calcium homeostasis in parallel with parathyrin (parathyroid hormone [PTH]) and calcitonin to maintain serum calcium levels within the physiologically acceptable range. Vitamin D controls calcium and phosphate absorption in the intestine, calcium reabsorption in the kidney, and mineralization of bone. Synthesis of vitamin D requires UVB irradiation of the skin, which promotes the metabolism of its precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol, to previtamin D3, which then slowly isomerizes to form vitamin D3. Because exposure to sunlight is necessary for its synthesis, vitamin D has also been called the “sunshine” vitamin. Vitamin D has also been identified in archaic phytoplankton and zooplankton, where it is synthesized after solar UV exposure. Its function in these organisms is poorly understood, but it probably serves as a photosensor. This would imply an evolutionarily conserved cellular signal transduction pathway, mediating autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signals. Vitamin D3 is biologically inactive and must be hydroxylated, first in the liver to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and finally in the kidney by the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1[alpha]-hydroxylase (CYP24) enzyme system, to form the active metabolite 1[alpha],25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3; calcitriol].1 This also suggests that the term “vitamin” is possibly inappropriate, because its actions represent a classic steroidal hormone endocrine system. Vitamin D (for simplicity, the term “vitamin D” is used to indicate its active metabolite) regulates myocyte proliferation and induces hypertrophy.2 Vitamin D may also cause calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)3 in a dose-dependent manner. Its influence on peripheral arteries has recently been reviewed,4 and its role can be considered at least partly controversial (eg, its effect on blood pressure). Vitamin D is a negative regulator of the renin–angiotensin system by decreasing renin expression in the kidney.5 In vitamin D receptor (VDR)–null mice, renin levels are high, causing hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. In parallel, inhibition of 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3 synthesis increases renin activity, whereas 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3 supplementation leads to its suppression. Some of its most important noncardiovascular effects are related to findings that vitamin D deficiency is linked to a higher prevalence of prostate, colon, and breast cancer and susceptibility to type I diabetes mellitus and some autoimmune diseases (for review, see Holick 6). Vitamin D can exist in 2 isoforms, which trigger rapid, nongenomic (6-s-cis) and genomic (6-s-trans) responses. The rapid, nongenomic effects include Ca2+ influx, release of intracellular Ca2+ from various stores, Ca2+ uptake in intestine (transcaltachia), activation of protein kinase C, opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ and Cl- channels, and modulation of adenylyl cyclase. These can all be modulated by alternative synthetic ligands [ie, triggered by the agonist 1[DELTA],25(OH)2 lumisterol or antagonized by 1[beta],25(OH)2D3].7 Observations in hypertensive patients strongly support the concept of rapid, nongenomic effects, because short-term infusion of 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3 produces a transient increase in peripheral resistance.8 Furthermore, recent data suggest that VSMC migration induced by 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3 requires the activation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase and that this activation is independent of gene transcription.7 Therefore, it seems that these actions require a rapid response by a putative, as-yet-unidentified, membrane receptor to mediate the nongenomic actions of 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3. Thus, vitamin D rather appears to act as a modulator of structure and function. Its observed effects depend on the model, metabolic state, or experimental conditions used. Annexin II is one of the proteins identified to bind with high affinity to 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3 bromoacetate.9 Genomic responses are mediated by a well-established member of the class II nuclear steroid hormone receptors (ie, VDR), which is closely related to the retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors.10 Thus, the receptor must form a heterodimeric complex with the retinoid receptor and bind on activation to the vitamin D–responsive element. As was the case for nongenomic effects, novel antagonists [(23S)- and (23R)-25-dehydro-1[alpha],OH-D3-26,23-lactone] were also synthesized to specifically alter genomic responses.11 Those may be of particular interest for potential pharmacological intervention. Alternatively, the VDR could be linked to intracellular components of signal transduction pathways that could, in turn, interact with components of downstream pathways to mediate the rapid effects. This scenario could serve as an alternative explanation to the putative membrane receptor interaction described earlier. Interestingly, similar observations have been made for the estrogen receptor in endothelial cells.12 In that case, a small portion of the estrogen receptor seems to be localized in the cytosol and activates PI 3-kinase by binding to the PI 3-kinase regulatory subunit p85[alpha].12 Furthermore, estrogen and androgen nuclear receptors of osteoblasts are involved in activation of the Src/Shc/ERK signaling pathway and lead to rapid attenuation of apoptosis without translocation to the nucleus.13 In addition to these observations, the presence of CYP24, which has recently been described in endothelial cells,14 and the new discovery of this key enzyme for the metabolism of Vitamin D in human VSMCs described by Somjen et al 15 in this issue of Circulation, may reveal a significantly expanded role for vitamin D in the cardiovascular system. Obviously, one of the questions arising from this article will be if and to what extent the interactions between vitamin D and the vasculature are exerted via the circulating active metabolite or the active vitamin produced at its target cell. One may argue that production “on site” would enable the most rapid response to changes in the vasculature, thus facilitating local regulation. If the latter turns out to be true, although the possible downstream targets for VDR in the vascular wall are not yet completely identified, then it may be that this classic hormone exerts effects beyond the regulation of plasma calcium homeostasis in general and also far beyond the migration, growth, and calcification in VSMCs in particular. In this context, the inhibitory effect on both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–induced endothelial cell sprouting in the setting of angiogenesis 16 and of prostacyclin (PGI2) release by induction of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)17 have been described. Although an endogenous 25-(OH)D3-1[alpha] hydroxylase system has now been demonstrated in human VSMCs, its full significance as a mediator of VSMC homeostasis and its full relevance for blood vessel function have yet to be established. The fact that release of PTH and phytoestrogens leads to upregulation of 25-(OH)D3-1[alpha] hydroxylase, as demonstrated by Somjen et al, may provide an explanation for the observation that both may act as vasodilators. Interestingly, vitamin D has been found to trigger PGI2 synthesis in VSMCs and intact rat aortic segments.17 PGI2 is a vasoprotective mediator that prevents thrombus formation, cell adhesion, and SMC proliferation and that is crucially involved in maintaining vessel function by causing relaxation. After induction of COX-2, which can be triggered by vitamin D, PGI2 synthase, constitutively expressed in VSMCs, is provided with its substrate, thus mobilizing PGI2. Such a mechanism could probably compensate for the “dysfunctional endothelium” as is observed in sepsis and might explain the associated severe hypotension.18 The effects of vitamin D on VSMC proliferation are puzzling. VSMCs exhibited either a reduction or an increase in the rate of cell proliferation.19 Depending on the metabolic state (quiescent or nonquiescent), cell culture conditions, or type of stimulus (eg, thrombin, platelet-derived growth factor, serum), 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3 is able to modulate VSMC growth in either way. In the study presented by Somjen et al, an increase in endogenous vitamin D synthesis in VSMCs by induction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1[alpha] hydroxylase was observed after stimulation with native or synthetic phytoestrogen. Furthermore, in their model, increased levels of vitamin D caused a reduction of DNA synthesis. The modulatory effects were further observed in a model of endothelin-stimulated hypertrophy of rat cardiac myocytes.20 Vitamin D alone reduced the expression of atrial natriuretic peptide, a marker for early hypertrophy, but when administered in combination with retinoic acid, the effect was potentiated. These heterogeneous effects could be explained by the heteromeric structure of the VDR. With respect to the modulation of cardiovascular effects by 1[alpha],25-(OH)2D3, further investigations are needed that could eventually lead to novel pharmacological approaches to manage hypertrophy, restenosis, and atherosclerosis or remodel the cardiovascular system. In this context, identification of the precise intracellular locations of 25-(OH) vitamin D3-1[alpha] hydroxylase and the sites of production of the active vitamin D3 metabolite should be pursued. It is known to be expressed in the mitochondria of renal cells,21 but nothing is known so far about its location in VSMCs. Vitamin D has recently been shown to augment the drop in mitochondrial membrane potential induced by tumor necrosis vector in breast cancer cells.22 It will be interesting to see whether the mitochondria become a target of vitamin D action, which in this case, is likely to be a detrimental effect. Finally, it will be important to determine which pathways induce and mediate expression and activity of this enzyme. Further research into the molecular mechanisms of actions of vitamin D will be needed for more profound insights into its potential protective (and its potential harmful) effects on the cardiovascular system, probably only partly elucidated to date. The article by Somjen et al in this issue is an important additional link in this chain. Somjen D, Weisman Y, Kohen F, Gayer B, Limor R, Sharon O, Jaccard N, Knoll E, Stern N. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1{alpha}-Hydroxylase Is Expressed in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Is Upregulated by Parathyroid Hormone and Estrogenic Compounds. Circulation. 2005 Mar 28; 1666-1671 [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 15795327 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=pubmed & dopt=Abstra\ ct & list_uids=15795327 Al Pater Al Pater, PhD; email: old542000@... __________________________________________________ Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 I think some of the statements in the article by Sally Squires cannot be taken as authoritative. Consider the following two inconsistent statements: 1) The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU for adults. Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. 2) Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen allows a light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, according to Hollis. This would imply that a 15-minute exposure to the sunlight could be toxic. Very doubtful! Tony Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Hi Tony: And in addition the information regarding 20,000 units of vitamin D is worthless in the absence of specifying whether the person is required to be naked, face and arms exposed, or hiding in a cupboard, or what? The number of IU per minute per square foot would have been helpful. Then we would have something to work with. Rodney. > > I think some of the statements in the article by Sally Squires cannot > be taken as authoritative. Consider the following two inconsistent > statements: > > 1) The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU for adults. > Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. > > 2) Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen allows a > light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, according > to Hollis. > > This would imply that a 15-minute exposure to the sunlight could be > toxic. Very doubtful! > > Tony Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 5, 2005 Report Share Posted April 5, 2005 Hi folks: Skin types: http://www.sunless.com/choosing/skintype.php Rodney --- In , " jwwright " <jwwright@e...> wrote: > Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology > Volume 51 . Number 1 . July 2004 > Copyright © 2004 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. > > > > > > > > > > Letters > > The vitamin D dilemma > > > Holick[1] also offers helpful clinical guidelines of UVR vitamin D equivalencies. For example, 1 minimal erythema dose of sun in a bathing-suit distribution equals 10,000 IU of oral vitamin D, and 1 minimal erythema dose of UVR administered to 6% to 10% of the body equals 600 to 1000 IU of oral vitamin D. Exposure of hands, arms, and face 2 to 3 times a week to one third to one half minimal erythema dose of spring or autumn sun is sufficient to satisfy daily vitamin requirements. Alternatively, 5 minutes of July sun at noon in Boston, Mass, suffices for individuals with skin type II. > > regards. > > > > ----- Original Message ----- > From: Rodney > > Sent: Tuesday, April 05, 2005 2:20 PM > Subject: [ ] Re: Vitamin D yet again > > > > Hi Tony: > > And in addition the information regarding 20,000 units of vitamin D > is worthless in the absence of specifying whether the person is > required to be naked, face and arms exposed, or hiding in a cupboard, > or what? > > The number of IU per minute per square foot would have been helpful. > Then we would have something to work with. > > Rodney. > > --- In , " citpeks " <citpeks@y...> wrote: > > > > I think some of the statements in the article by Sally Squires > cannot > > be taken as authoritative. Consider the following two inconsistent > > statements: > > > > 1) The NAS also set a tolerable upper intake of 2,000 IU for adults. > > Toxic levels have been reported at 10,000 IU or higher per day. > > > > 2) Fifteen minutes of peak sun exposure without sunscreen allows a > > light-skinned person to make about 20,000 IU of vitamin D, according > > to Hollis. > > > > This would imply that a 15-minute exposure to the sunlight could be > > toxic. Very doubtful! > > > > Tony > > > > > > -------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- > Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted April 6, 2005 Report Share Posted April 6, 2005 I'm seeing Salmon listed twice, both with bones. The highest one with 898 IU is pink. The other with 317 is fairly non descript. I buy canned alaskan red salmon & hope that's pretty good. I keep the thin bones in, but get rid of those round disk-like bones. IT appears that I lose a lot of D from the bones & because I drain the liquids out of the can. Dowling wrote: >Salmon be de wrongo fishy den: > > >Finfish and Shellfish Products ># IU/200 Cal Food Name >002 2061 Fish, herring, Atlantic, raw >004 1053 Fish, catfish, channel, wild, raw >005 941.5 Mollusks, oyster, eastern, wild, raw >006 898.1 Fish, salmon, pink, canned, solids with bone and liquid >008 645.1 Fish, halibut, Greenland, raw >009 519.2 Fish, herring, Atlantic, pickled >010 516.2 Fish, sardine, Pacific, canned in tomato sauce, drained >solids with bone >011 351.3 Fish, mackerel, Atlantic, raw >012 323.1 Fish, mackerel, jack, canned, drained solids >013 317.8 Fish, salmon, chum, drained solids with bone >015 286.8 Crustaceans, shrimp, mixed species, raw >016 261.6 Fish, sardine, Atlantic, canned in oil, drained solids with bone >021 238.5 Fish, tuna, light, canned in oil, drained solids >030 184.2 Fish, caviar, black and red, granular >034 160 Fish, cod, Atlantic, canned, solids and liquid >038 131.9 Fish, flatfish (flounder and sole species > > Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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