Br J Cancer 2005 May 9;92(9)

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Hi All,

Br J Cancer 2005 May 9;92(9) is in and three abstracts for papers that are

pdf-available are summarized below.

Medline has yet to assemble the abstracts into the present issue of the journal.

For the first paper, it may be the more significant report for us. It was a

prospective study. Whole grain consumption level was inversely related

prospectively with colon cancer. It may be well done and the results not being

significant for rectal versus colon cancer appeared to be significant.

Larsson SC, Giovannucci E, Bergkvist L, Wolk A.

Whole grain consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based cohort

of

60,000 women.

Br J Cancer. 2005 Apr 12; [Epub ahead of print]

PMID: 15827552

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=pubmed & dopt=Abstra\

ct & list_uids=15827552

.... follow-up of 14.8 years. High consumption of whole grains was associated

with a

lower risk of colon cancer, but not of rectal cancer. The multivariate rate

ratio

(RR) of colon cancer for the top category of whole grain consumption (>/=4.5

servings day(-1)) compared with the bottom category (<1.5 servings day(-1)) was

0.67

(95% confidence interval (CI), 0.47-0.96; P-value for trend=0.06). The

corresponding

RR after excluding cases occurring within the first 2 years of follow-up was

0.65

(95% CI, 0.45-0.94; P-value for trend=0.04).

.... Dietary assessment

Dietary information was derived from a 67-item food-frequency questionnaire

administered at baseline. We asked participants to indicate their average

consumption of each food item during the previous 6 months. Participants could

choose from eight frequency categories, ranging from never/seldom to four or

more

times per day. Whole grain foods included hard whole grain rye bread (such as

Wasa

bread), soft whole grain bread, porridge, and cold breakfast cereals. Refined

grains

included soft white bread, pasta, rice, pancakes or waffles, and sweet buns or

biscuits. We computed nutrient intakes by multiplying the consumption frequency

of

each food item by the nutrient content of age-specific (<53, 53-65, 66 years)

portion sizes. Values for nutrients in foods were obtained from the Swedish

National

Food Administration Database (Bergström et al, 1991). All nutrients and cereal

fibre

were energy-adjusted using the residual method (Willett and Stampfer, 1986). In

a

validation study among 129 women randomly selected from the cohort, Spearman

correlation coefficients between data from four 1-week diet records and the

food-frequency questionnaire were 0.5 for hard whole grain rye bread, 0.5 for

soft

whole grain bread, 0.6 for porridge, and 0.7 for cold breakfast cereals.

.... Table 1 Age-standardised baseline characteristics according to consumption

of

whole grains^a

----------------------------------------------

Categories of whole grain consumption (servings day-1)

Characteristics <1.5 1.5-2.4 2.5-3.4 3.5-4.4 4.5

------------------------------------------

Median consumption (servings day-1) 1.1 2.0 2.9 3.7 5.0

Mean age at baseline (years) 52.7 53.3 53.8 54.4 55.4

Mean body mass index (kg m-2) 25.0 24.8 24.6 24.6 24.2

Education 12 years (%) 10.0 13.1 13.3 13.3 15.2

Dietary intake

Cereal fibre (mg day-1)b 7.9 10.7 11.5 12.2 12.7

Saturated fat (g day-1)b 19.0 17.6 17.5 17.4 16.9

Calcium (mg day-1)b 699 702 702 693 705

Fruits (servings day-1) 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8

Vegetables (servings day-1) 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1

Red meat (servings week-1) 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1

------------------------------------------

^a Whole grains include hard whole grain rye bread, soft whole grain bread,

porridge, and cold breakfast cereals.

bNutrients adjusted to the rounded mean energy intake (1350 kcal day-1) in the

cohort at baseline.

.... Table 2 RR and 95% CI of colorectal cancer according to consumption of whole

grains

----------------------------------------------------

Categories of whole grain servings/day---

<1.5 1.5-2.4 2.5-3.4 3.5-4.4 4.5---P-value for trend

---------------------------------------------------

Colorectal cancer

All cases

Number of cases 187 201 191 132 94

Age-adjusted RR (95% CI) 1.00 0.99 (0.81-1.22) 1.05 (0.85-1.29) 0.97

(0.77-1.22)

0.80 (0.62-1.03) 0.14

Multivariate RR (95% CI)^a 1.00 1.00 (0.81-1.24) 1.05 (0.84-1.30) 0.96

(0.75-1.23)

0.80 (0.60-1.06) 0.16

Excluding cases with follow-up <2 years

Number of cases 176 187 175 119 84

Multivariate RR (95% CI)^a 1.00 0.99 (0.80-1.23) 1.02 (0.81-1.29) 0.93

(0.72-1.21)

0.76 (0.56-1.03) 0.10

Colon cancer^b

All cases

Number of cases 136 135 131 88 57

Age-adjusted RR (95% CI) 1.00 0.92 (0.72-1.16) 1.00 (0.78-1.28) 0.90

(0.68-1.18)

0.67 (0.49-0.91) 0.03

Multivariate RR (95% CI)^a 1.00 0.94 (0.73-1.21) 1.02 (0.79-1.33) 0.91

(0.67-1.23)

0.67 (0.47-0.96) 0.06

Excluding cases with follow-up <2 years

Number of cases 129 125 124 79 52

Multivariate RR (95% CI)^a 1.00 0.91 (0.70-1.18) 1.02 (0.78-1.34) 0.86

(0.63-1.18)

0.65 (0.45-0.94) 0.04

Rectal cancer^b

All cases

Number of cases 50 66 57 43 36

Age-adjusted RR (95% CI) 1.00 1.22 (0.84-1.78) 1.14 (0.77-1.68) 1.17

(0.77-1.78)

1.16 (0.75-1.80) 0.61

Multivariate RR (95% CI)^a 1.00 1.17 (0.80-1.72) 1.09 (0.72-1.64) 1.09

(0.69-1.72)

1.11 (0.67-1.83) 0.85

Excluding cases with follow-up <2 years

Number of cases 46 62 48 39 31

Multivariate RR (95% CI)^a 1.00 1.21 (0.81-1.81) 1.02 (0.66-1.58) 1.11

(0.69-1.79)

1.07 (0.62-1.82) 0.99

----------------------------------------------------

^a Multivariate RRs were adjusted for age, body mass index (quartiles),

education

(less than high school, high school, or university), total energy intake

(continuous), and quartiles of intakes of saturated fat, calcium, red meat,

fruits,

and vegetables.

^b Six cases diagnosed with both colon and rectal cancer are excluded from

subsite-specific analysis.

RR=rate ratio; CI=confidence interval. ...

For the second paper, the title may suffice. Depend on CR, not fruit or

vegetables

for colorectal cancer prevention. However, pickled vegetables were among the

vegetable list.

Tsubono Y, Otani T, Kobayashi M, Yamamoto S, Sobue T, Tsugane S.

No association between fruit or vegetable consumption and the risk of colorectal

cancer in Japan.

Br J Cancer. 2005 Apr 26; [Epub ahead of print]

PMID: 15856039

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=pubmed & dopt=Abstra\

ct & list_uids=15856039

For the third paper, the lower levels of cholesterol in CRONers may prevent

testicular cancer, if the study showing the cholesterol-cancer link is to be

brought

further.

Wirehn AB, Tornberg S, Carstensen J.

Serum cholesterol and testicular cancer incidence in 45,000 men followed for 25

years.

Br J Cancer. 2005 Apr 12; [Epub ahead of print]

PMID: 15827555

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=pubmed & dopt=Abstra\

ct & list_uids=15827555

In a 25-year follow-up study of 44,864 men with measured serum cholesterol

levels,

the testicular cancer hazard ratios for the serum cholesterol categories 5.7-6.9

and

>/=7.0 mmol l(-1) vs the reference category (<5.7 mmol l(-1)) were 1.3 and 4.5,

respectively; P-value for trend=0.005. ...

Al Pater, PhD; email: old542000@...

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