[OT] Dairy Products Associated with Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer

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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 17, 930-937, April 1, 2008. doi:

10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2681

Dairy Product, Saturated Fatty Acid, and Calcium Intake and Prostate Cancer in a

Prospective Cohort of Japanese Men

Norie Kurahashi, Manami Inoue, Motoki Iwasaki, Shizuka Sasazuki, and Shoichiro

Tsugane for the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study Group

Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and

Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan

Requests for reprints: Norie Kurahashi, Epidemiology and Prevention Division,

Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center,

5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan. Phone: 81-3-3542-2511; Fax:

81-3-3547-8578. E-mail: nkurahas@...

Many epidemiologic studies have reported a positive association between dairy

products and prostate cancer. Calcium or saturated fatty acid in dairy products

has been suspected as the causative agent. To investigate the association

between dairy products, calcium, and saturated fatty acid and prostate cancer in

Japan, where both the intake of these items and the incidence of prostate cancer

are low, we conducted a population-based prospective study in 43,435 Japanese

men ages 45 to 74 years. Participants responded to a validated questionnaire

that included 138 food items. During 7.5 years of follow-up, 329 men were newly

diagnosed with prostate cancer. Dairy products were associated with a

dose-dependent increase in the risk of prostate cancer. The relative risks (95%

confidence intervals) comparing the highest with the lowest quartiles of total

dairy products, milk, and yogurt were 1.63 (1.14-2.32), 1.53 (1.07-2.19), and

1.52 (1.10-2.12), respectively. A statistically significant increase in risk was

observed for both calcium and saturated fatty acid, but the associations for

these were attenuated after controlling for potential confounding factors. Some

specific saturated fatty acids increased the risk of prostate cancer in a

dose-dependent manner. Relative risks (95% confidence intervals) on comparison

of the highest with the lowest quartiles of myristic acid and palmitic acid were

1.62 (1.15-2.29) and 1.53 (1.07-2.20), respectively. In conclusion, our results

suggest that the intake of dairy products may be associated with an increased

risk of prostate cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(4):930-7)

http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/17/4/930