Meal fats vs. insulin and glucose response

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Hi All,

Our meal fats are important for our insulin and glucose responses, it seems,

from

the pdf-available below paper citation, URL and text excerpts.

KG, Wolstencroft EJ, Bateman PA, Yaqoob P, CM.

Acute effects of meal fatty acids on postprandial NEFA, glucose and apo E

response:

implications for insulin sensitivity and lipoprotein regulation?

Br J Nutr. 2005 May;93(5):693-700.

PMID: 15975169

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve & db=pubmed & dopt=Abstra\

ct & list_uids=15975169 & query_hl=27

.... [Fats were:] 1. a mixture of palm oil (29 g) and cocoa butter (21 g), rich

in

SFA (palm oil supplied by Anglia Oils Limited, Hull, East Yorkshire, UK; cocoa

butter supplied by ADM Cocoa, Hull, East Yorkshire, UK);

2. safflower oil rich in n-6 PUFA (Anglia Oils Limited);

3. olive oil, rich in n-9 MUFA (Tesco, Cheshunt, Surrey, UK). ...

Table 1. Nutritional composition of test meals

...........................

----Carbohydrate (g) Fat (g) Protein (g) Energy (kJ)

...........................

Test oil (50 g) 0 50·0 0 1848

Skimmed milk (150 g) 7·5 0·2 5·1 213

Nesquik (15 g) 12·0 0·5 0·5 228

Skimmed milk powder (15 g) 7·8 0·2 5·3 228

White bread (105 g) 73·8 2·3 12·2 1458

Jam (30 g) 27·5 0 0 47

Total 128·6 53·2 23·1 4452

Table 2. Fatty acid composition of test meals (g/50 g)

............................

----Saturated fatty acid PUFA MUFA

............................

Saturated fatty acids 26·1 7·8 7·1

PUFA 3·2 31·8 5·9

MUFA 19·5 8·2 34·9

.... Table 3. Summary measures (area under the curve (AUC), net incremental AUC

(IAUC), fasting and peak concentrations) for the plasma lipid, glucose and

insulin

responses after the saturated fatty acid (SFA), PUFA and MUFA meals (Mean values

with their standard errors for the ten healthy, middle-aged men)

......................................

------SFA PUFA MUFA

------Mean sem Mean sem Mean sem

....................................

Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)

Fasting 1·39 0·19 1·21 0·09 1·25 0·11

Peak 2·88† 0·32 1·87 0·18 2·63† 0·22

AUC 956‡ 124 722 68 845 71

Net IAUC 287† 51 140 35 243† 41

NEFA (µmol/l)

Fasting 390·9 37·4 486·9 89·5 434·2 55·2

% NEFA suppression -74·6 3·7 -71·9 2·7 -79·3 3·4

Peak 810·6† 70·1 682·6 42·6 656·5 54·4

AUC (180–480 min) 148‡ 7 120 9 131 6

Net IAUC (180–480 min) 110† 9 79 6 89 10

Glucose (mmol/l)

Fasting 5·65 0·14 5·67 0·17 5·79 0·09

Peak 8·66 0·46 8·04 0·35 8·34 0·37

AUC 2879 87 2739 67 2775 55

Net IAUC 169 58 17* 67 -6** 47

Insulin (pmol/l)

Fasting 34·0 4·6 37·8 5·1 38·9 7·9

Peak 415·0 53·5 392·0 39·7 432·2 61·9

AUC 51 500 5369 47 685 6109 50 309 7081

Net IAUC 35 165 4499 29 524 4921 31 626 4444

...........................................

AUC and net IAUC for the triacylglycerol and glucose responses are expressed as

mmol/l×480 min, and for insulin as pmol/l×480 min. For NEFA, AUC and IAUC

(180–480

min) are expressed as mmol/l×300 min, and % NEFA suppression is calculated from

fasting to 120 min.

Mean values were significantly different from PUFA meal (one-way

repeated-measures

ANOVA followed by Student's t test with Bonferroni correction):

†P<0·008,

‡P<0·02.

Mean values were significantly different from SFA meal (one-way repeated

measures

ANOVA followed by Student's t test with Bonferroni correction):

*P=0·002,

**P=0·013.

...........................................

The plasma TAG responses following the SFA, PUFA and MUFA meals are shown in

Fig. 1.

There was a significant difference between the meals, with the PUFA meal

demonstrating lower TAG concentrations than the SFA meal (P=0·016) and a

different

pattern of response compared with the SFA and MUFA meals (P<0·02). The peak TAG

concentration reached after the PUFA meal was significantly lower than that

following the SFA and MUFA meals (P<0·003). In addition, the PUFA meal showed a

significantly lower AUC compared with the SFA meal (P=0·01) and a lower net IAUC

compared with the SFA and MUFA meals (P<0·007)

Al Pater, PhD; email: old542000@...

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