PUFAs better than MUFAs for CVD?

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FYI,

Mike

http://tinyurl.com/8qhqv

Balance of unsaturated Fatty acids is important to a cholesterol-

lowering diet: comparison of mid-oleic sunflower oil and olive oil

on cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Binkoski AE, Kris-Etherton PM, TA, Mountain ML, Nicolosi RJ.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effects of a trans fat-free

monounsaturated fatty acid-rich vegetable oil (NuSun sunflower oil,

National Sunflower Association, Bismark, ND) that is a good source

of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and low in saturated fatty

acids on lipid and lipoprotein levels and oxidative stress. Design A

double-blinded, randomized, three period crossover, controlled

feeding study. Subjects/setting Thirty-one men (n=12) and women

(n=19) with moderate hypercholesterolemia who were 25 to 64 years of

age. Intervention Experimental diets provided 30% fat (olive oil or

NuSun sunflower oil contributed one half of the total fat), 8.3% vs

7.9% saturated fatty acid, 17.2% vs 14.2% monounsaturated fatty

acid, and 4.3% vs. 7.7% PUFA (olive oil and NuSun sunflower oil,

respectively), and 294 mg cholesterol. The control diet was an

average American diet (34% fat, 11.2% saturated fatty acid, 14.9%

monounsaturated fatty acid, 7.8% PUFA). Subjects consumed each diet

for 4 weeks with a 2-week compliance break before crossing over to

another diet. Main outcome measures Lipid and lipoprotein levels

were measured, and measures of oxidative stress, including lag time,

rate of oxidation, total dienes, and lipid hydroperoxides, were

assessed. Statistical analysis The mixed model procedure was used to

test for main effects of diet, feeding period, and order of diets.

Tukey-Kramer adjusted P values were used to determine diet effects.

Results The NuSun sunflower oil diet decreased both total and low-

density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the average

American diet and the olive oil diet. There was no effect of the

olive oil diet compared with the average American diet. Total

cholesterol decreased 4.7% and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

decreased 5.8% on the NuSun sunflower oil diet vs the average

American diet. There was no effect of the experimental diets on

triglyceride levels, rate of oxidation, total dienes, lipid

hydroperoxides, or alpha-tocopherol. Lag time was the longest

following the olive oil diet and shortest following the NuSun

sunflower oil diet. Conclusions: The higher PUFA content appeared to

account for the greater total and low-density lipoprotein

cholesterol lowering and reduction in lag time of the NuSun

sunflower oil diet. However, the fact that there were no differences

in the resulting oxidation products suggests there were no adverse

effects on low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Since PUFAs are

important for cholesterol lowering, foods that replace saturated

fatty acids should include a balance of unsaturated fatty acids.

PMID: 15983524 [PubMed - in process]