Re: illness and lethargy

[Guest guest]

Thanks Wayne.It seems that orexin, the neurotransmitter that is depressed in chronic illness, also has antibacterial properties.There also seems to be a connection between orexin and panic disorders, depression, and suicidal attempts, but the direction of this connection is unclear (conflicting observations).One interesting point, however, is the link between allergic rhinitis (but the same would hold for sinusitis), inflammation, lack of sleep and resulting mood disorders & suicide attempts.-------------J Neuroimmunol. 2011 Apr;233(1-2):37-45. Epub 2010 Dec 21.Additive effects of orexin B and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on LL-37-mediated antimicrobial activities.Ohta K, Kajiya M, Zhu T, Nishi H, Mawardi H, Shin J, Elbadawi L, Kamata N, Komatsuzawa H, Kawai T.SourceDepartment of Immunology, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.AbstractThe present study examined the bactericidal effects of orexin B (ORXB) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) alone or combined with cationic antimicrobial peptides, such as LL-37, on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. The bactericidal effect of ORXB or VIP alone was detected in low NaCl concentration, but attenuated in physiological NaCl concentration (150 mM). However, such attenuated bactericidal activities of ORXB and VIP in 150 mM NaCl were regained by adding LL-37. Therefore, our results indicate that VIP and ORXB appear to mediate bactericidal effects in concert with LL-37 in the physiological context of mucosal tissue. Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.PMID: 21176972 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID: PMC3115685 [Available on 2012/4/1]Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2010 Jan 1;2:30-46.Disturbed sleep: linking allergic rhinitis, mood and suicidal behavior.Fang BJ, Tonelli LH, Soriano JJ, Postolache TT.SourceMood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of land School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street MSTF Building Room 930, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.AbstractAllergic inflammation is associated with mood disorders, exacerbation of depression, and suicidal behavior. Mediators of inflammation modulate sleep , with Th1 cytokines promoting NREM sleep and increasing sleepiness and Th2 cytokines (produced during allergic inflammation) impairing sleep. As sleep impairment is a rapidly modifiable suicide risk factor strongly associated with mood disorders, we review the literature leading to the hypothesis that allergic rhinitis leads to mood and anxiety disorders and an increased risk of suicide via sleep impairment. Specifically, allergic rhinitis can impair sleep through mechanical (obstructive) and molecular (cytokine production) processes. The high prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders and allergy, the nonabating suicide incidence, the currently available treatment modalities to treat sleep impairment and the need for novel therapeutic targets for mood and anxiety disorders, justify multilevel efforts to explore disturbance of sleep as a pathophysiological link.Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2011 Jul;124(1):52-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01655.x. Epub 2010 Dec 28.CSF biomarkers in suicide attempters--a principal component analysis.Lindqvist D, Janelidze S, Erhardt S, Träskman-Bendz L, Engström G, Brundin L.SourceDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, Psychoimmunology Unit, Lund University Hospital, Kioskgatan 19, Lund, Sweden. .Lindqvist@...AbstractOBJECTIVE:The objective of the present study was to identify biological patterns (factors) among 20 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in suicide attempters and subsequently analyse their association with suicidal behaviour.METHOD:We measured kynurenic acid, orexin, homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, chemokines, matrix metalloproteases and cytokines in the CSF of 124 drug-free suicide attempters. Patients were evaluated for suicidality and psychiatric symptoms using well-defined psychiatric rating scales and followed-up regarding future suicide. We used principal component analysis to identify factors among the biological substances.RESULTS:Four factors were extracted from the 20 biomarkers, explaining 52.4% of the total variance. Factors 1 and 2 were characterized by high loadings of chemokines and cytokines respectively. They were both associated with severe depressive symptoms. Factor 2 was also associated with a high suicidal intent. Factor 4 was characterized by strong loadings of the monoamine metabolites 5-HIAA and HVA, as well as orexin and interleukin-6. High scores on this factor were found in patients who performed a violent suicide attempt and in patients who subsequently completed suicide.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that specific combinations of CSF biomarkers may discriminate between types of suicidal behaviour and indicate increased risk for future suicide.© 2010 Wiley & Sons A/S.J Affect Disord. 2009 Feb;113(1-2):179-82. Epub 2008 Jun 3.Increased orexin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid the first year after a suicide attempt.Brundin L, Björkqvist M, Träskman-Bendz L, sén A.SourceDivision of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Lena.Brundin@...AbstractBACKGROUND:The orexins (hypocretins) and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) are hypothalamic peptides involved in the regulation of sleep and appetite. We have previously shown that levels of both orexin-A and CART in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are related to specific psychiatric symptoms.METHODS:Ten patients took part in lumbar punctures and psychiatric evaluations in conjunction to a suicide attempt and after 6 and 12 months. We measured CSF-orexin and CART using radioimmunoassays.RESULTS:Mean CSF-orexin was significantly higher at the first and second follow-up than at the suicide attempt. In contrast, mean CSF-CART did not differ over time. Total SUAS scores, as well as ratings of CPRS item 66 (global illness) were significantly lower at follow-up. At one year, there was a significant negative correlation between the change in CSF-orexin and the change in total SUAS score.LIMITATIONS:The number of patients who participated was relatively small.CONCLUSIONS:Our results support the hypothesis that orexin is involved in psychiatric symptomatology.Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007 Sep;17(9):573-9. Epub 2007 Mar 7.Reduced orexin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of suicidal patients with major depressive disorder.Brundin L, Björkqvist M, sén A, Träskman-Bendz L.SourceDivision of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Kioskgatan 19, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. Lena.Brundin@...AbstractOrexins are neuropeptides selectively expressed in a small number of neurons in the lateral-posterior hypothalamus. We measured orexin-A in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 66 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymia and adjustment disorder after a suicide attempt. Blood samples confirmed that the patients were free from antidepressive and neuroleptic medication at the time of the lumbar punctures. CSF levels of orexin-A were significantly lower in patients with MDD than in patients with adjustment disorder and dysthymia. Orexin correlated significantly with CSF levels of somatostatin, delta sleep inducing peptide-like immunoreactivity (DSIP-LI) and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF), but not with leptin or vasopressin. Plasma levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were not reduced in MDD patients, and did not correlate with CSF-orexin. Our results suggest that suicidal patients with MDD have distinct neurobiological features, involving compromised levels of hypothalamic peptides regulating the state of arousal.PMID: 20036927 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]>> > Now it's possible that feeling a lack of motivation resulting from> chronic illness may have a medical treatment.> > Oregon Health & amp; Science University (2011, August 3). Scientists> identify what makes us feel 'bad' when we're sick, how to treat it.> ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from> http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110803092314.htm> <http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110803092314.htm>>

[Guest guest]

Thanks for this Wayne.On Aug 7, 2011, at 9:38 PM, Wayne wrote:

Now it's possible that feeling a lack of motivation resulting from chronic illness may have a medical treatment. Oregon Health & amp; Science University (2011, August 3). Scientists identify what makes us feel 'bad' when we're sick, how to treat it. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110803092314.htm

[Guest guest]

This has huge implications -I'm guessing it could also counteeffect depression...or at least the dperession that is felt as a result of feeling constantly under the weather and exhausted.

Thanks Wayne,

Becky

From: joan harvey <thomyris7@...>samters Sent: Mon, 8 August, 2011 16:41:21Subject: Re: illness and lethargy

Thanks for this Wayne.

On Aug 7, 2011, at 9:38 PM, Wayne wrote:

Now it's possible that feeling a lack of motivation resulting from chronic illness may have a medical treatment.

Oregon Health & amp; Science University (2011, August 3). Scientists identify what makes us feel 'bad' when we're sick, how to treat it. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110803092314.htm

[Guest guest]

I agree. I have had to fight lack of physical motivation all of my life. When I was younger I just thought that I was lazy not realising the physical reason behind it all. Bring it on !Sent from my iPadOn 8 Aug 2011, at 16:48, Bannister <beckyb256@...> wrote:

This has huge implications -I'm guessing it could also counteeffect depression...or at least the dperession that is felt as a result of feeling constantly under the weather and exhausted.

Thanks Wayne,

Becky

From: joan harvey <thomyris7@...>samters Sent: Mon, 8 August, 2011 16:41:21Subject: Re: illness and lethargy

Thanks for this Wayne.

On Aug 7, 2011, at 9:38 PM, Wayne wrote:

Now it's possible that feeling a lack of motivation resulting from chronic illness may have a medical treatment.

Oregon Health & amp; Science University (2011, August 3). Scientists identify what makes us feel 'bad' when we're sick, how to treat it. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110803092314.htm

[Guest guest]

Same here! Keeping to a regular workout schedule is such a challenge. I feel

better when I work out, but actually making myself do it takes huge effort.

Especially when I've had a bad night with allergies. Something that has helped

tremendously is L-Glutamine. I cannot get moving without it in the morning.

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> >> Now it's possible that feeling a lack of motivation resulting from chronic

illness may have a medical treatment.

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> >> Oregon Health & amp; Science University (2011, August 3). Scientists

identify what makes us feel 'bad' when we're sick, how to treat it.

ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 7, 2011, from

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110803092314.htm

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