Guest guest Posted January 17, 2008 Report Share Posted January 17, 2008 Re: glutathione: capsules vs. cream now NAC - > Posted by: " Keener " ninepreciousgiftsfromgod@... ninepreciousgiftsfromgod > Date: Wed Jan 16, 2008 10:14 pm ((PST)) > >, > > Well, this does make sense, but then there is the other side that has been discussed whether the NAC increases oxidative stress. Is there a good site where I can read more about NAC? Also, where do you get it? > > Blessings, > --------------------------------------------------------------------------- One of my favorite researchers, Owens, sent out this post a while back about NAC breaking down mucous membranes, including those in the gut. Something worth considering when trying this supplement. From: Owens sulfurstories ; trying_Low_Oxalates ; abmd Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2007 2:47 PM Subject: [sulfurstories] N-acetylcysteine increases the leaky gut! Listmates, I found something I should have thought about a long time ago when I learned that N-acetylcysteine is the experimental and therapeutic best choice as an agent to break apart mucus. Somehow, back then, I didn't think about how this would effect the gut, but others have thought about it and conducted experiments to see what happened. Apparently, taking N-acetylcysteine breaks down the mucus that protects the brush border and the villi in the intestines and it thus increases intestinal permeability. I know a lot of us thought to prefer NAC to L-cysteine as a way to boost the sulfur deficits in autism because there was a concern that some children with autism had bad reactions to L-cysteine long ago, and I frankly have not run into much use of L-cysteine in autism circles probably as a result of that concern. Adults with other conditions on sulfurstories have found that L-cysteine could accomplish good things that NAC did not help. Perhaps finding out that NAC can increase intestinal permeability could explain why some do not do well on it. This leaves us a lot to think about especally if those sensitive to L-cysteine (and had horrible reactions) were only a small percentage who had special issues going on. Does anyone remember specifics on children who were found (the hard way) to be intolerant of L-cysteine? Do we need to revisit this with our newer understanding of how many subgroups there may be in autism that have different responses to supplements? Has anyone been using L-cysteine with a child with autism? Please be sure and read the articles below! I welcome comments! JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1996 Mar-Apr;20(2):98-104. Adhesive mucous gel layer and mucus release as intestinal barrier in rats. Iiboshi Y, Nezu R, Cui L, Chen K, Khan J, Yoshida H, Sando K, Kamata S, Takagi Y, Okada A. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan. BACKGROUND: Although it has been reported that total parenteral nutrition induces an increased intestinal permeability and a decreased mucous gel layer covering the intestinal epithelium, the role of mucous gel on intestinal permeability has not been well understood. We examined the in vivo effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) as mucolytic agent and colchicine as suppressant of the mucus production on the intestinal transmission of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 70,000 (FITC-dextran). METHODS: Rats were divided into four groups. In each group, FITC-dextran (750 mg/kg) with or without NAC (3000 mg/kg) was injected into the small intestinal lumen 3 hours after intraperitoneal injection of saline or colchicine (Col, 10 mg/kg). Thirty minutes after injection of FITC-dextran, blood samples were taken from portal vein to analyze plasma fluorescein concentration by fluorescence spectrometry. Samples of small intestine were sectioned in a cryostat for fluorescence microscopy, and the identical sections were stained by periodic acid-Schiff reaction. RESULTS: Plasma FITC-dextran level in NAC group was higher than that in control group (p < .01), that in Col + NAC group was higher than that in Col group (p < .01) and that in Col + NAC group was higher than that in NAC group (p < .05). The spaces between villi were filled with mucous gel in the control and Col groups, whereas those were not entirely filled with mucous gel in NAC and Col + NAC groups. FITC-dextran and mucous gel showed complementary distribution in all rats. The villous interstitial edema was recognized in NAC group and the villi were disrupted in Col + NAC group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that intestinal permeability is possibly affected not only by the mucous gel covering the intestinal epithelium but also by mucus release from goblet cells of the small intestine. Publication Types: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PMID: 8676540 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE] 1: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2000 Jun;126(2):203-12. Decreased colonic mucus in rats with loperamide-induced constipation. Shimotoyodome A, Meguro S, Hase T, Tokimitsu I, Sakata T. Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, 321-3497 Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, Japan. Constipation is a risk factor of colorectal cancer. Mucin is a major component of lumenal mucus, which protects the colorectal mucosa against mechanical and chemical damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate mucus production and to quantitate lumen mucus in a rat model of spastic constipation. We induced constipation with loperamide (1.5 mg/kg), and histochemically evaluated mucus production and the thickness of the mucus layer at the fecal surface. We quantitated the mucus attached to the mucosal surface using colonic perfusion with N-acetylcysteine. While more feces remained in the colon, there was less fecal excretion and lower fecal water content in loperamide-administered rats than in control rats. Crypt epithelial cells contained less mucus in constipated rats than in control rats. The mucus layer at the fecal surface was thinner and less mucus was recovered from the mucosal surface in constipated rats than in control rats. Mucus production of crypt epithelial cells and mucus at the fecal and mucosal surface were reduced by loperamide-induced constipation. PMID: 10936760 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE] 2: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1999 Jan-Feb;23(1):19-23. Role of intestinal mucus on the uptake of latex beads by Peyer's patches and on their transport to mesenteric lymph nodes in rats. Khan J, Iiboshi Y, Cui L, Wasa M, Okada A. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan. BACKGROUND: The effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a mucolytic agent on the uptake of fluorescent polystyrene microparticles by Peyer's patches, on intestinal permeability, and on subsequent transport to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were investigated to establish the role of mucus gel layer in this process. METHODS: Twenty rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) and NAC (n = 10). Fluorescent polystyrene latex beads of 3.2+/-0.2 microm in diameter were used as a probe for measuring the previously mentioned parameters. The solution of latex beads (0.1 mL) was injected into a 2-cm length of ileal loop containing Peyer's patches, with 0.1 mL of saline (control group) or with 0.1 mL of NAC solution (NAC group) within 10 cm proximal from the ileocaecal valve. Intestinal loops, portal blood, and neighboring MLNs were taken within 1 hour of injection. Intestinal sections were stained by periodic acid-Schiff reagent. Peyer's patches and MLNs were analyzed for the count of particles by image analysis using a confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS: Morphologically, periodic acid-Schiff positive uniform mucus gel was present in front of Peyer's patches of the control group, and mucus gel layer was disrupted and noncontinuous in the NAC group. The number of particles within Peyer's patches and MLNs in the NAC group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<.001). Intestinal permeability of latex beads in the NAC group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the mucus gel layer located in front of Peyer's patches is one of the important factors for the uptake of noxious macromolecules, and this in turn plays a major role on small intestinal permeability and subsequent translocation to MLNs. PMID: 9888413 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE] 3: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1996 Nov-Dec;20(6):406-11. Developmental changes in distribution of the mucous gel layer and intestinal permeability in rat small intestine. Iiboshi Y, Nezu R, Khan J, Chen K, Cui L, Yoshida H, Wasa M, Fukuzawa M, Kamata S, Takagi Y, Okada A. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan. BACKGROUND: From the developmental aspects, the distribution of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 70,000 (FTTC-dextran) and mucous gel across the lumen of small intestine was observed as an investigation into the role of mucous gel on intestinal permeability. Furthermore, the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a mucolytic agent, on intestinal permeability was examined. METHODS: In suckling and weaned rats, FTTC-dextran (750 mg/kg body wt) was gavage-fed. After 3 hours, blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture to analyze plasma FTTC-dextran by fluorescence spectrometry. Samples of small intestine with luminal contents were frozen and sectioned in a cryostat for fluorescence microscopy; the same sections were placed in a 0.2% celloidin solution to preserve mucous gel and were stained by periodic acid-Schiff reaction for light microscopy. In weaned rats, intestinal permeability was examined with different concentrations of intraluminally instilled NAC. RESULTS: The plasma level of FTTC-dextran showed a significant increase (p < .01) in suckling rats compared with the weaned rats. Morphologic findings were similar in both the jejunum and ileum: The spaces between villi were not entirely filled with mucus but filled with FTTC-dextran in suckling rats, whereas the spaces were filled with mucus and not filled with FTTC-dextran in weaned rats. Intestinal permeability in groups with NAC were significantly higher (p < .01) than that in group without NAC. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that an increase in the mucous gel layer that coats the epithelial lining according to the maturation of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the most important factors for a restriction in intestinal permeability. Publication Types: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PMID: 8950741 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE] Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted January 17, 2008 Report Share Posted January 17, 2008  This is interesting. But, incase anyone is thinking of supplementing L-cysteine instead of NAC, most of the time people with DS are high in Cysteine. You don't want to supplement it if it is high. If you really felt you needed to supplement it, then blood testing should be done. Qadoshyah Book ~ Down Syndrome: What You CAN Dowww.gotdownsyndrome.net/Book/whatyoucandobook.html [sulfurstories] N-acetylcysteine increases the leaky gut!Listmates,I found something I should have thought about a long time ago when Ilearned that N-acetylcysteine is the experimental and therapeutic bestchoice as an agent to break apart mucus. Somehow, back then, I didn'tthink about how this would effect the gut, but others have thought about itand conducted experiments to see what happened. Apparently, takingN-acetylcysteine breaks down the mucus that protects the brush border andthe villi in the intestines and it thus increases intestinal permeability.I know a lot of us thought to prefer NAC to L-cysteine as a way to boostthe sulfur deficits in autism because there was a concern that somechildren with autism had bad reactions to L-cysteine long ago, and Ifrankly have not run into much use of L-cysteine in autism circles probablyas a result of that concern.Adults with other conditions on sulfurstories have found that L-cysteinecould accomplish good things that NAC did not help.Perhaps finding out that NAC can increase intestinal permeability couldexplain why some do not do well on it.This leaves us a lot to think about especally if those sensitive toL-cysteine (and had horrible reactions) were only a small percentage whohad special issues going on. Does anyone remember specifics on childrenwho were found (the hard way) to be intolerant of L-cysteine?Do we need to revisit this with our newer understanding of how manysubgroups there may be in autism that have different responses tosupplements?Has anyone been using L-cysteine with a child with autism?Please be sure and read the articles below! I welcome comments!JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1996 Mar-Apr;20(2):98-104.Adhesive mucous gel layer and mucus release as intestinal barrier in rats.Iiboshi Y, Nezu R, Cui L, Chen K, Khan J, Yoshida H, Sando K, Kamata S,Takagi Y,Okada A.Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.BACKGROUND: Although it has been reported that total parenteral nutritioninducesan increased intestinal permeability and a decreased mucous gel layer coveringthe intestinal epithelium, the role of mucous gel on intestinalpermeability hasnot been well understood. We examined the in vivo effects of N-acetyl cysteine(NAC) as mucolytic agent and colchicine as suppressant of the mucusproduction onthe intestinal transmission of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 70,000(FITC-dextran). METHODS: Rats were divided into four groups. In each group,FITC-dextran (750 mg/kg) with or without NAC (3000 mg/kg) was injected intothesmall intestinal lumen 3 hours after intraperitoneal injection of saline orcolchicine (Col, 10 mg/kg). Thirty minutes after injection of FITC-dextran,bloodsamples were taken from portal vein to analyze plasma fluoresceinconcentrationby fluorescence spectrometry. Samples of small intestine were sectioned in acryostat for fluorescence microscopy, and the identical sections werestained byperiodic acid-Schiff reaction. RESULTS: Plasma FITC-dextran level in NAC groupwas higher than that in control group (p < .01), that in Col + NAC group washigher than that in Col group (p < .01) and that in Col + NAC group was higherthan that in NAC group (p < .05). The spaces between villi were filled withmucous gel in the control and Col groups, whereas those were not entirelyfilledwith mucous gel in NAC and Col + NAC groups. FITC-dextran and mucous gelshowedcomplementary distribution in all rats. The villous interstitial edema wasrecognized in NAC group and the villi were disrupted in Col + NAC group.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that intestinal permeability is possiblyaffected not only by the mucous gel covering the intestinal epithelium butalsoby mucus release from goblet cells of the small intestine.Publication Types:Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tPMID: 8676540 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE]1: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2000 Jun;126(2):203-12.Decreased colonic mucus in rats with loperamide-induced constipation.Shimotoyodome A, Meguro S, Hase T, Tokimitsu I, Sakata T.Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, 321-3497Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, Japan.Constipation is a risk factor of colorectal cancer. Mucin is a majorcomponent oflumenal mucus, which protects the colorectal mucosa against mechanical andchemical damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate mucus production and toquantitate lumen mucus in a rat model of spastic constipation. We inducedconstipation with loperamide (1.5 mg/kg), and histochemically evaluated mucusproduction and the thickness of the mucus layer at the fecal surface. Wequantitated the mucus attached to the mucosal surface using colonic perfusionwith N-acetylcysteine. While more feces remained in the colon, there was lessfecal excretion and lower fecal water content in loperamide-administered ratsthan in control rats. Crypt epithelial cells contained less mucus inconstipatedrats than in control rats. The mucus layer at the fecal surface was thinnerandless mucus was recovered from the mucosal surface in constipated rats than incontrol rats. Mucus production of crypt epithelial cells and mucus at thefecaland mucosal surface were reduced by loperamide-induced constipation.PMID: 10936760 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE]2: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1999 Jan-Feb;23(1):19-23.Role of intestinal mucus on the uptake of latex beads by Peyer's patches andontheir transport to mesenteric lymph nodes in rats.Khan J, Iiboshi Y, Cui L, Wasa M, Okada A.Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.BACKGROUND: The effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a mucolytic agent on theuptake of fluorescent polystyrene microparticles by Peyer's patches, onintestinal permeability, and on subsequent transport to mesenteric lymph nodes(MLNs) were investigated to establish the role of mucus gel layer in thisprocess. METHODS: Twenty rats were divided into two groups: control (n =10) andNAC (n = 10). Fluorescent polystyrene latex beads of 3.2+/-0.2 microm indiameterwere used as a probe for measuring the previously mentioned parameters. Thesolution of latex beads (0.1 mL) was injected into a 2-cm length of ileal loopcontaining Peyer's patches, with 0.1 mL of saline (control group) or with0.1 mLof NAC solution (NAC group) within 10 cm proximal from the ileocaecal valve.Intestinal loops, portal blood, and neighboring MLNs were taken within 1hour ofinjection. Intestinal sections were stained by periodic acid-Schiff reagent.Peyer's patches and MLNs were analyzed for the count of particles by imageanalysis using a confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS: Morphologically,periodic acid-Schiff positive uniform mucus gel was present in front ofPeyer'spatches of the control group, and mucus gel layer was disrupted andnoncontinuousin the NAC group. The number of particles within Peyer's patches and MLNsin theNAC group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<.001).Intestinal permeability of latex beads in the NAC group was significantlyhigherthan that in the control group (p<.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggestthat themucus gel layer located in front of Peyer's patches is one of the importantfactors for the uptake of noxious macromolecules, and this in turn plays amajorrole on small intestinal permeability and subsequent translocation to MLNs.PMID: 9888413 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE]3: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1996 Nov-Dec;20(6):406-11.Developmental changes in distribution of the mucous gel layer and intestinalpermeability in rat small intestine.Iiboshi Y, Nezu R, Khan J, Chen K, Cui L, Yoshida H, Wasa M, Fukuzawa M,KamataS, Takagi Y, Okada A.Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka University Medical School, Japan.BACKGROUND: From the developmental aspects, the distribution of fluoresceinisothiocyanate dextran 70,000 (FTTC-dextran) and mucous gel across the lumenofsmall intestine was observed as an investigation into the role of mucous gelonintestinal permeability. Furthermore, the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), amucolytic agent, on intestinal permeability was examined. METHODS: In sucklingand weaned rats, FTTC-dextran (750 mg/kg body wt) was gavage-fed. After 3hours,blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture to analyze plasma FTTC-dextran byfluorescence spectrometry. Samples of small intestine with luminal contentswerefrozen and sectioned in a cryostat for fluorescence microscopy; the samesectionswere placed in a 0.2% celloidin solution to preserve mucous gel and werestainedby periodic acid-Schiff reaction for light microscopy. In weaned rats,intestinalpermeability was examined with different concentrations of intraluminallyinstilled NAC. RESULTS: The plasma level of FTTC-dextran showed a significantincrease (p < .01) in suckling rats compared with the weaned rats. Morphologicfindings were similar in both the jejunum and ileum: The spaces between villiwere not entirely filled with mucus but filled with FTTC-dextran in sucklingrats, whereas the spaces were filled with mucus and not filled withFTTC-dextranin weaned rats. Intestinal permeability in groups with NAC were significantlyhigher (p < .01) than that in group without NAC. CONCLUSIONS: These resultssuggest that an increase in the mucous gel layer that coats the epithelialliningaccording to the maturation of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the mostimportant factors for a restriction in intestinal permeability.Publication Types:Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tPMID: 8950741 [Pubmed - indexed for MEDLINE] No virus found in this incoming message.Checked by AVG Free Edition. Version: 7.5.516 / Virus Database: 269.19.6/1230 - Release Date: 1/17/2008 4:59 PM Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted January 17, 2008 Report Share Posted January 17, 2008 Thanks for that Kay!I wonder if this is the reason behind too much glut cream causing loose stools? Or am I way off base? Carol in IL AIM doihavtasay1 GigaTribe doihavtasayMom to seven including , 7 with TOF, AVcanal, GERD, LS, Asthma, subglottal stenosis, and DS.My problem is not how I look. It's how you see me. Join our Down Syndrome information group - Down Syndrome Treatment/ Listen to oldest dd's music http://www.myspace.com/vennamusic Looking for last minute shopping deals? Find them fast with Search. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted January 17, 2008 Report Share Posted January 17, 2008 To Kay (?) who posted: "One of my favorite researchers, Owens, sent out this post a while back about NAC breaking down mucous membranes, including those in the gut. Something worth considering when trying this supplement." Thanks so much for bringing this to my attention! Yes, it is definitely worth considering! This open forum is good; I learn so much from everyone... if I can just synthesize it. I think I'd better just stick with the glutathione capsules for now. Maybe using them short term to help get back on the good health track and then holding off on the glutathione when he is having a good season. I might try the glutathione cream when he is a little older, if he is still having a good deal of respiratory trouble, but cautiously... Blessings! (one and only wife to Fred; mom to Kari, Melody, Faith, Heidi, Isaac, Josiah, , Alana, and ! Yes, they're all ours!) Is. 40:31 "They that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength; they shall mount up with wings as eagles, they shall run and not be weary, they shall walk and not faint." Never miss a thing. Make your homepage. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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