The Stonewalling of Vitamin C

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.... " Around 1942 Klenner’s wife suffered bleeding

gums and her dentist recommended pulling out all

her teeth. Dr. Klenner thought that solution too

Draconian and remembered reading about research

using vitamin C to cure chimpanzees with a

similar problem. He gave her several injections

of the vitamin and the bleeding stopped. Soon,

after, this dramatic result encouraged him to try

vitamin C on an obstinate man who was near death

from viral pneumonia. Klenner described this

seminal experience in a 1953 paper

“<http://www.seanet.com/~alexs/ascorbate/195x/klenner-fr-j_appl_nutr-1953-v6-p27\

4.htm>

The Use of Vitamin C as an Antibiotic”: " ...

.....From 1943 through 1947 Dr. Klenner reported

successful treatment of 41 more cases of viral

pneumonia using massive doses of vitamin C. From

these cases he learned what dosage and route of

administration ­ intravenously, intramuscularly,

or orally ­ was best for each patient. Dr.

Klenner gave these details in a February 1948

paper published in the Journal of Southern

Medicine and Surgery entitled

“<http://www.whale.to/v/c/klenner2.html>Virus

Pneumonia and Its Treatment with Vitamin C”....

....when a measles epidemic came to Reidsville,

Klenner was so confident of vitamin C’s efficacy

with these diseases that he devised what would

ordinarily be an outrageous experiment with his

two little daughters. He had them play with

children known to be in the contagious phase of

measles. When the usual syndrome of measles had

developed and his daughters were obviously sick,

vitamin C was started. Again Klenner’s words from his 1953 paper:

.....“In this experiment it was found that 1,000

mg every four hours, by mouth, would modify the

attack. Smaller doses allowed the disease to

progress. When 1,000 mg was given every 2 hours

all evidence of the infection cleared in 48

hours. If the drug was then discontinued for a

similar period (48 hours) the above syndrome

returned. We observed this off and on picture for

thirty days at which time the drug (vitamin C)

was given 1,000 mg every 2 hours around the clock

for four days. This time the picture cleared and did not return.”...

.....With this background of experiences ­with

human beings, not experimental animals­ Klenner

gained confidence in and control over his vitamin C treatment...

.....<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2003/08/08/orthomolecular_treatment_o\

f_cancer_depression.htm>

Dr. Abram Hoffer recalls that a controlled study,

conducted in Great Britain in the late 50s with

70 young polio victims, confirmed Klenner’s cure.

All those given vitamin C recovered completely,

while a significant number of those not given

vitamin C suffered some permanent damage. (This

study was not published because of the success of

the polio vaccines.) Dr. Klenner himself reported

that he received scores of letters from doctors

in the U.S. and Canada corroborating his striking

results. Some of the letters described how they

cured their own children, others, how the doctors had cured themselves....

.....The strategy of medical leaders ­ conscious

or unconscious, planned or unplanned was clearly

to ignore Dr. Klenner and hope his claims would be forgotten....

....It’s as though polio-vitamin C research never happened....

.....A thoroughly exasperated Klenner concluded a

February 1959 paper in the Tri-State Medical Journal with these words:

“Should the disease be present in the acute form,

ascorbic acid given in proper amounts around the

clock, both by mouth and needle, will bring about

a rapid recovery. We believe that ascorbic acid

must be given by needle in amounts from 250 mg to

400 mg per kg body weight every 4 to 6 hours for

48 hours and then every 8 to 12 hours. The dose

by mouth is the dose that can be tolerated. To

those who say that Polio is without cure, I say

that they lie. Polio in the acute form can be

cured in 96 hours or less. I beg of someone in authority to try it.” " ....

This article clearly shows how the Medical Mafia

along with our politicians stonewall so many non

toxic and efficacious nutrients to protect their

monopoly of disease treatment. Ironically Dr.

Klenner referred to Vitamin C as a drug! This is

a tacit example

on<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2005/05/11/use_abuse_of_regulations_to_\

protect_pharma_monopoly.htm>

why there is such an effort to regulate our nutrients as drugs.

Even when one knows that IV vitamin C, magnesium,

Hyperbaric and many many efficacious but less

profitable treatments exist majority are simply

not able realize these benefits It is clear that

we all need to learn this information, then

hopefully use it against these shysters in the

courts. Often the toxic drugs they foist on us

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/03/15/the_medical_mafia_rules.htm>

are known be dangerous less efficacious than that can be shown with nutrients!

See:

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/11/30/how_to_get_intravenous_vitamin\

_c_given_to_a_hospitalized_patient.htm>

How to Get Intravenous Vitamin C Given to a Hospitalized Patient

Gupta

<http://tinyurl.com/ckgly> http://tinyurl.com/ckgly

See also:

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/sepp/2005/09/13/cancer_intravenous_vitamin_c_ef\

fective_treatment.htm>

Cancer: Intravenous Vitamin C Effective Treatment

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/09/21/misinformation_about_vitamin_c\

..htm>

MISINFORMATION ABOUT VITAMIN C

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/07/09/the_vitamin_c_fanatics_were_ri\

ght_all_along.htm>

THE VITAMIN C FANATICS WERE RIGHT ALL ALONG

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/07/20/vitamin_c_and_cancer_new_devel\

opments.htm>

VITAMIN C AND CANCER: NEW DEVELOPMENTS

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2005/07/24/all_vitamin_ccommon_cold_studi\

es_conducted_over_the_past_60_years_are_flawed.htm>

All Vitamin C/Common Cold Studies Conducted Over The Past 60

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2005/08/15/vitamin_c_good_for_gout.htm>

Vitamin C: Good for Gout

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/07/09/the_vitamin_c_fanatics_were_ri\

ght_all_along.htm>

THE VITAMIN C FANATICS WERE RIGHT ALL ALONG

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/08/04/the_negative_impact_of_sugar_o\

n_vitamin_c.htm>

The Negative Impact of Sugar on Vitamin C

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2003/06/15/vitamin_c_menopause.htm>

Vitamin C & Menopause

<http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2003/06/09/vitamin_c_and_sars.htm>

Vitamin C and SARS

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<http://www.seanet.com/~alexs/ascorbate/199x/landwehr-r-j_orthomol_med-1991-v6-n\

2-p99.htm>

The Origin of the 42-Year Stonewall of Vitamin C

Landwehr

1. 1250 Grizzly Peak, Berkeley, CA 94708.

In the late spring of 1949 the United States was

in the grip of its worst poliomyelitis epidemic

ever. On June 10 a paper on ways to save the

lives of bulbar polio victims was read at the

Annual Session of the American Medical

Association (subsequently printed in its journal,

JAMA, September 3, 1949, pages 1-8, volume 141,

no. 1). Following the talk members of the

audience were invited to comment. The first

speaker, a leading authority from Pasadena,

focused on details of tracheotomy techniques

caused when paralyzed breathing, swallowing and

coughing muscles of victims threatened their

lives. Why the next person was recognized is

puzzling. The only national recognition he had

received ­ and it was obviously very limited ­

was that his picture appeared in Ebony in 1947

for having delivered of a deaf-mute black woman

the first known surviving, identical quadruplets

in the country. Here is the abstract of his remarks as recorded in JAMA:

“Dr. F. R. Klenner, Reidsville, N.C.: It might be

interesting to learn how poliomyelitis was

treated in Reidsville, N.C., during the 1948

epidemic. In the past seven years, virus

infections have been treated and cured in a

period of seventy-two hours by the employment of

massive frequent injections of ascorbic acid, or

vitamin C. I believe that if vitamin C in these

massive doses ­ 6,000 to 20,000 mg in a

twenty-four hour period ­ is given to these

patients with poliomyelitis none will be

paralyzed and there will be no further maiming or epidemics of poliomyelitis.”

The discussion period was, of course, to be

devoted to hearing relevant comments of the

world’s leading authorities on the treatment of

bulbar polio symptoms, not to airing another

claim of a cure. One can imagine the silence that

must have greeted this sweeping, out-of-place

declaration by a small-town general practitioner.

Four other speakers, three more bulbar experts

and an anesthesiologist, followed. None referred to Dr. Klenner’s remarks.

The empirical, clinical basis for Klenner’s

statement is found in his paper “The Treatment of

Poliomyelitis and Other Virus Diseases with

Vitamin C”, published in the July 1949 issue of

the Journal of Southern Medicine and Surgery. On pages 211-212 he writes:

“In the poliomyelitis epidemic in North Carolina

in 1948, 60 cases of this disease came under our

care. These patients presented all or almost all

of these signs and symptoms: Fever of 101 to

104.6°, headache, pain at the back of the eyes,

conjunctivitis, scarlet throat; pain between the

shoulders, the back of the neck, one or more

extremity, the lumbar back; nausea, vomiting and

constipation. In 15 of these cases the diagnosis

was confirmed by lumbar puncture; the cell count

ranging from 33 to 125. Eight had been in contact

with a proven case; two of this group received

spinal taps. Examination of the spinal fluid was

not carried out in others for the reasons: (1)

Flexner and Amoss had warned that ‘simple lumbar

puncture attended with even very slight

hemorrhage opens the way for the passage of the

virus from the blood into the central nervous

system and thus promotes infection.’ (2) A

patient presenting all or almost all of the above

signs and symptoms during an epidemic of

poliomyelitis must be considered infected with

this virus. (3) Routine lumbar puncture would

have made it obligatory to report each case as

diagnosed to the health authorities. This would

have deprived myself of valuable clinical

material and the patients of most valuable

therapy, since they would have been removed to a

receiving center in a nearby town.

“The treatment employed was vitamin C in massive

doses. It was given like any other antibiotic

every two to four hours. The initial dose was

1,000 to 2,000 mg, depending on age. Children up

to four years received the injections

intramuscularly. Since laboratory facilities for

whole blood and urine determinations of the

concentration of vitamin C were not available,

the temperature curve was adopted as the guide

for additional medication. The rectal temperature

was recorded every two hours. No temperature

response after the second hour was taken to

indicate the second 1,000 or 2,000 mg. If there

was a drop in fever after two hours, two more

hours was allowed before the second dose. This

schedule was followed for 24 hours. After this

time the fever was consistently down, so the drug

was given 1,000 to 2,000 mg every six hours for

the next 48 hours. All patients were clinically

well after 72 hours. After three patients had a

relapse the drug was continued for at least 48

hours longer ­ 1,000 to 2,000 mg every eight to

12 hours. Where spinal taps were performed, it

was the rule to find a reversion of the fluid to

normal after the second the of treatment.

“For patients treated in the home the dose

schedule was 2,000 mg by needle every six hours,

supplemented by 1,000 to 2,000 mg every two hours

by mouth. The tablet was crushed and dissolved in

fruit juice. All of the natural “C” in fruit

juice is taken up by the body; this made us

expect catalytic action from this medium. Rutin,

20 mg, was used with vitamin C by mouth in a few

cases, instead of the fruit juice. Hawley and

others have shown that vitamin C taken by mouth

will show its peak of excretion in the urine in

from four to six hours. Intravenous

administration produces this peak in from one to

three hours. By this route, however, the

concentration in the blood is raised so suddenly

that a transitory overflow into the urine results

before the tissues are saturated. Some

authorities suggest that the subcutaneous method

is the most conservative in terms of vitamin C

loss, but this factor is overwhelmingly

neutralized by the factor of pain inflicted.

“Two patients in this series of 60 regurgitated

fluid through the nose. This was interpreted as

representing the dangerous bulbar type. For a

patient in this category postural drainage,

oxygen administration, in some cases tracheotomy,

needs to be instituted, until the vitamin C has

had sufficient time to work ­ in our experience

36 hours. Failure to recognize this factor might

sacrifice the chance of recovery. With these

precautions taken, every patient of the series

recovered uneventfully within three to five days.”

This paper is quoted at length to allow readers

to judge for themselves whether or not Dr.

Klenner made up all these details. In subsequent

publications he gave details about curing

life-threatening polio cases, and described his

general procedures in his paper “The Vitamin and

Massage Treatment for Acute Poliomyelitis”,

appearing in the Journal of Southern Medicine and Surgery in August, 1952.

One of the reasons why Klenner’s declaration at

the AMA annual session was undoubtedly met with

silence was that since 1939 polio experts were

quite certain that vitamin C was not effective

against polio. There seemed little doubt that Dr.

Albert B. Sabin, a highly respected figure in

medical research even before he developed his

successful vaccines, had demonstrated that

vitamin C had no value in combatting polio

viruses. In 1939 he published a paper showing

that vitamin C had no effect in preventing

paralysis in rhesus monkeys experimentally

infected with a strain of polio virus. He had

tried to corroborate the work of Dr. Claus W.

Jungeblut, another highly respected medical

researcher, who had published in 1935 and 1937

papers indicating that vitamin C might be of

benefit. Sabin could not reproduce Jungeblut’s

results even though he consulted Jungeblut during

the course of the experiments. It seemed to be a

fair trial, and Sabin’s negative results

virtually ended experiments with vitamin C and polio.

How then could a Dr. Fred R. Klenner, a virtually

unknown general practitioner specializing in

diseases of the chest, from a town no one ever

heard of, with no national credentials, no

research grants and no experimental laboratory,

have the nerve to make his sweeping claim in

front of that prestigious body of polio authorities?

Around 1942 Klenner’s wife suffered bleeding gums

and her dentist recommended pulling out all her

teeth. Dr. Klenner thought that solution too

Draconian and remembered reading about research

using vitamin C to cure chimpanzees with a

similar problem. He gave her several injections

of the vitamin and the bleeding stopped. Soon,

after, this dramatic result encouraged him to try

vitamin C on an obstinate man who was near death

from viral pneumonia. Klenner described this

seminal experience in a 1953 paper “The Use of Vitamin C as an Antibiotic”:

“Our interest with vitamin C against the virus

organism began ten years ago in a modest rural

home. Here a patient who was receiving

symptomatic treatment for virus pneumonia had

suddenly developed cynosis [sic: cyanosis]. He

refused hospitalization for supportive oxygen

therapy. X-Ray had not been considered because of

its dubious value and because the nearest

department equipped to give such treatment was 69

miles distant. Two grams of vitamin C was given

intramuscularly with the hope that the anaerobic

condition existing in the tissues would be

relieved by the catalytic action of vitamin C

acting as a gas transport aiding cellular

respiration. This was an old idea; the important

factor being that it worked. Within 30 minutes

after giving the drug (which was carried in my

medical bag for the treatment of diarrhea in

children) the characteristic breathing and

slate-like color had cleared. Returning six hours

later, at eight in the evening, the patient was

found sitting over the edge of his bed enjoying a

late dinner. Strangely enough his fever was three

degrees less than it was at 2 p.m. that same

afternoon. This sudden change in the condition of

the patient led us to suspect that vitamin C was

playing a role of far greater significance than

that of a simple respiratory catalyst. A second

injection of one gram of vitamin C was

administered, by the same route, on this visit

and then subsequently at six hour intervals for

the next three days. This patient was clinically

well after 36 hours of chemotherapy. From this

casual observation we have been able to assemble

sufficient clinical evidence to prove

unequivocally that vitamin C is the antibiotic of

choice in the handling of all types of virus

diseases. Furthermore it is a major adjuvant in

the treatment of all other infectious diseases.”

Again this paper is quoted at length to allow

readers to judge for themselves whether or not

the author made this up or deluded himself in

some way. From 1943 through 1947 Dr. Klenner

reported successful treatment of 41 more cases of

viral pneumonia using massive doses of vitamin C.

From these cases he learned what dosage and

route of administration ­ intravenously,

intramuscularly, or orally ­ was best for each

patient. Dr. Klenner gave these details in a

February 1948 paper published in the Journal of

Southern Medicine and Surgery entitled “Virus

Pneumonia and Its Treatment with Vitamin C”. This

article was the first of Dr. Klenner’s

twenty-eight (through 1974) scientific publications.

Klenner realized, of course, that vitamin C’s

effectiveness with viral pneumonia opened up the

possibility of curing other viral diseases. “With

a great deal of enthusiasm,” in Klenner’s phrase,

he tried its effectiveness with all of the

childhood diseases, particularly measles. By the

spring of 1948, when a measles epidemic came to

Reidsville, Klenner was so confident of vitamin

C’s efficacy with these diseases that he devised

what would ordinarily be an outrageous experiment

with his two little daughters. He had them play

with children known to be in the contagious phase

of measles. When the usual syndrome of measles

had developed and his daughters were obviously

sick, vitamin C was started. Again Klenner’s words from his 1953 paper:

“In this experiment it was found that 1,000 mg

every four hours, by mouth, would modify the

attack. Smaller doses allowed the disease to

progress. When 1,000 mg was given every 2 hours

all evidence of the infection cleared in 48

hours. If the drug was then discontinued for a

similar period (48 hours) the above syndrome

returned. We observed this off and on picture for

thirty days at which time the drug (vitamin C)

was given 1,000 mg every 2 hours around the clock

for four days. This time the picture cleared and did not return.”

With this background of experiences ­ with human

beings, not experimental animals ­ Klenner gained

confidence in and control over his vitamin C treatment.

One reason he turned his attention early to

treating measles was that he knew that measle

[sic: measles] viruses were about as small as

polio viruses and he hoped massive doses of

vitamin C would be effective against the dreaded

Crippler. By 1948 he was ready to treat polio

with vitamin C, and in that year North Carolina

suffered its worst epidemic ever ­ 2,518 new

cases. Dr. Klenner’s hopes were realized when, as

has been related above, he cured sixty patients

with massive frequent injections of vitamin C.

With seven years of experience behind him one can

understand not only why Dr. Klenner had the nerve

to speak up on June 10, 1949 but why he

undoubtedly felt morally obligated to do so.

After 1949 polio epidemics continued to take

their terrible toll. The peak year for The

Crippler in the U.S. was 1952 ­ 57,628 cases.

During the 1950s isolated doctors around the

world tried Klenner’s cure. Those who used

vitamin C at doses below those recommended by

Klenner reported no benefit; those who followed

his dosages reported good results. Dr. H. Bauer

of the University of Switzerland Clinic, Basel in

1952 reported benefits to his polio patients with

10 to 20 grams of vitamin C per day. Dr.

Greer, using doses in Klenner’s recommended range

of 50 to 80 grams per day, recorded in 1955 good

clinical results with five serious cases of

polio. Dr. Abram Hoffer recalls that a controlled

study, conducted in Great Britain in the late 50s

with 70 young polio victims, confirmed Klenner’s

cure. All those given vitamin C recovered

completely, while a significant number of those

not given vitamin C suffered some permanent

damage. (This study was not published because of

the success of the polio vaccines.) Dr. Klenner

himself reported that he received scores of

letters from doctors in the U.S. and Canada

corroborating his striking results. Some of the

letters described how they cured their own

children, others, how the doctors had cured themselves.

What kind of reception did Dr. Klenner’s

discoveries receive from the medical

establishment? There are two references to

Klenner’s 1949 paper in national, mainstream

publications. The title of that paper was

included in the October 7, 1949 issue of the

Current List of Medical Literature, published by

the U.S. Army Medical Library. The paper was also

included in the second edition of A Bibliography

of Infantile Paralysis ­1789-1949, published in

1951 and prepared under the direction of the

National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis.

Instead of abstracting the paper in the usual

manner, it printed only Dr. Klenner’s last

paragraph, which was not a summary but an obvious

rhetorical statement Klenner felt necessary to

counter the skepticism he knew would greet his

quick, inexpensive cures. Other than these two

references, mainstream medical publications made

no mention of Klenner and his work. One of JAMA’s

regular departments was Current Medical

Literature, in which its editors abstracted

papers they considered of special note. Many

polio papers were abstracted in 1949, but not Klenner’s.

The National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis

was founded in 1938 by polio’s most famous

victim, President lin Roosevelt, to raise

money through the March of Dimes to combat the

disease. Most polio research was funded by the

National Foundation. There is no mention of Dr.

Klenner’s work or of vitamin C’s possible

benefits to polio victims in any of the

Foundation’s annual reports. Not one dime was

spent to prove or disprove Klenner’s claim.

Before 1949 a claim of a cure was promptly looked

into and money spent until it was proved false.

But with Klenner’s claim nothing happened.

It was certainly not for lack of research funds

that nothing happened. M. , in the

1960 book The Crisis in American Medicine, edited

by n K. , described the glut and

waste of money for medical research in the l950s.

points out that the public clamor for a

cure for polio was so great that in 1954 Congress

appropriated $1,000,000 specifically earmarked

for polio research. It turned out that there was

so much polio money floating around that the

recipient of this largess, the U.S. Public Health

Service, classified such unlikely diseases as

hepatitis as “poliolike” so that none of this

money would have to be returned to the U.S. taxpayer.

Five International Poliomyelitis Congresses were

convened every three years from 1948 to 1960 to

deal with the polio epidemics around the world.

In all of the voluminous reports of these

conferences there is no reference to Klenner or

to vitamin C. Only the first congress dealt

briefly with the possible effect of nutrition,

and this was dismissed by the statement of an

expert “that no clinical evidence is known to me

which justifies an increase in intake of vitamins

beyond usual recommended allowances”.

Thus in 1949 the polio experts at the Annual

Session of the AMA knew of Klenner’s claim, as

did the many readers of JAMA’s lead article of

its September 3 issue, the many researchers who

used the National Foundation’s Bibliography,

those that kept up with the titles in the Current

List of Medical Literature, and the relatively

few readers of the Journal of Southern Medicine

and Surgery. All this exposure led to no official

inquiry or follow-up of Dr. Klenner’s work by

U.S. government health authorities or the

National Foundation. No one in authority anywhere

stepped forward to insist that it be checked out.

The strategy of medical leaders ­ conscious or

unconscious, planned or unplanned was clearly to

ignore Dr. Klenner and hope his claims would be forgotten.

It worked. Klenner’s cure never became well known

and today has sunk almost into oblivion. A

synopsis of polio infection and research by

Ernest Kovacs entitled “The Biochemistry of

Poliomyelitis Viruses”, published in 1964, makes

no reference to Klenner. In 1985 Friedrick Koch

and Gebhard Kock published The Molecular Biology

of Poliovirus. It contains in its opening chapter

a history of the disease, but it says nothing

about Klenner, or even about the extensive

vitamin C research done by Drs. Jungeblut and

Sabin with monkeys in the 50s. It’s as though

polio-vitamin C research never happened.

To this day it is mainstream medicine’s position

that there is no cure for polio. The Encyclopedia

American quotes W. Price of Memorial

Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center of New York City:

“No specific treatment is effective once

neurological involvement becomes manifest.” A

thoroughly exasperated Klenner concluded a

February 1959 paper in the Tri-State Medical Journal with these words:

“Should the disease be present in the acute form,

ascorbic acid given in proper amounts around the

clock, both by mouth and needle, will bring about

a rapid recovery. We believe that ascorbic acid

must be given by needle in amounts from 250 mg to

400 mg per kg body weight every 4 to 6 hours for

48 hours and then every 8 to 12 hours. The dose

by mouth is the dose that can be tolerated. To

those who say that Polio is without cure, I say

that they lie. Polio in the acute form can be

cured in 96 hours or less. I beg of someone in authority to try it.”

Today there are areas of the world where polio

vaccine is still not used and where the incidence

of polio is increasing. Polio remains The

Crippler, and the only effort of the World Health

Organization is to increase vaccination. The

leading medical authorities ­ the editors of the

leading journals, the heads of the AMA and the

National Foundation, U.S. Surgeons General and

the heads of other U.S. governmental health

agencies ­ were, and are, responsible for

stonewalling for 42 years Dr. Klenner’s simple,

inexpensive cure for many viral diseases, including the dreaded polio.

1949 ­ a year in medicine which will live in infamy.

From Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine, Volume 6, Number 2, 1991, pp. 99-103

[Note: Some minor punctiation irregularities have

been noted and/or corrected. - AscorbateWeb ed.]

HTML Revised 22 March, 2003.

Corrections and formatting © 1999-2003 AscorbateWeb