Neutrophil/zinc, inflame, oxidize and age

[Guest guest]

Hi All,

Successful aging, as in the case of CRers, may involve neutrophils, how

effective

they are, inflammatory response, oxidants/anti-oxidants and zinc, which may be

central in the aforementioned.

Moroni F, Di Paolo ML, Rigo A, Cipriano C, Giacconi R, Recchioni R, Marcheselli

F,

Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E.

Interrelationship Among Neutrophil Efficiency, Inflammation, Antioxidant

Activity

and Zinc Pool in Very Old Age.

Biogerontology. 2005 Sep;6(4):271-281.

PMID: 16333761

Neutrophils are the first barrier against infections. Aged neutrophils display

impaired oxidative burst and phagocytosis with subsequent less capability to

destroy

bacteria. In successful ageing (nonagenarians), neutrophil efficiency

(phagocytosis)

increases. After ingested microbes, aged neutrophils are less prone to undergo

apoptosis favouring chronic inflammation. Moreover, the superoxide dismutase

(SOD)

activity, which is necessary in avoiding ROS produced by oxidative burst, is

limited

in ageing. The mechanisms of age-related changes in neutrophil function are not

fully understood, taking also into account that nonagenarians escape infections

in

comparison with elderly. Zinc pool may be involved because it is pivotal for

neutrophil efficiency and SOD activity. Since zinc also controls the

inflammation,

via IL-6 and soluble factor of gp130 (sgp130), we have assessed the possible

interrelationship among oxidative burst, apoptosis, inflammation, SOD, adhesion

molecule Mac-1 and zinc pool in elderly and in nonagenarians. The oxidative

burst

and the capacity to increase Mac-1 after PMA stimulation decrease both in

elderly

and nonagenarians, but the latter display a slight increased neutrophil induced

apoptosis, decreased sgp130, increased SOD, and more neutrophil zinc content, as

it

occurs in young-adults. Significant correlation exists between sgp130 and zinc

pool

in very old age. These findings suggest lower chronic inflammation in

nonagenarians,

via more zinc available, with subsequent long-life survival. Therefore, a more

correct interrelationship among neutrophil efficiency, inflammation, antioxidant

activity and zinc pool exists in successful ageing with subsequent more

effectiveness to control the inflammatory response to pathogens.

.... Healthy human donors of different age [n=39 young-adult (age range 25–60

years.,mean 43±17 years), n =35 old (age range 61–85 years, mean 73±12

years.)and

n=14 very old (age range 86–95 years, mean 91±4 years)] were recruited.

.... Table 1. Neutrophil number, zinc pool and plasma SOD activity in

young-adult,

old and nonagenarian individuals.

====================================

Parameters Young-adult (n=39) Old (n=34) Nonagenarian (n=14)

====================================

White cells × 10^3/l 6.03±0.19 5.99±0.2 5.86±0.23

Percentage of neutrophils 53.5±1.6 57.2±1.3 60.0±1.1

Absolute number of neutrophils × 10^/l 3.24±0.17 3.44±0.16 3.40±0.20

Zinc plasma level (µg/dl) 82.4±15.1 70.3±17.0* 71.3±13.9*

Zinc in Neutrophils (µg/10^10 cells) 140.5±3.54 85.6±4.83** 125.4±3.83

Plasma zinc ion bioavailability (Ratio TT/AT) (log^2 ) 1.00±0.2 3.05±0.2**

1.50±0.3

Plasma SOD activity (nM) 21.0±7.7 16.2±5.5*** 19.0±1.8

====================================

* P <0.05 when compared to young-adult subjects.

** P <0.01 when compared to young-adult and nonagenarian subjects.

*** P <0.05 when compared to young-adult and nonagenarian subjects.

.... Table 2. IL-6, sgp130 and IFN-gamma plasma levels in young-adult, old and

nonagenarian individuals.

====================================

Young-adult Old Nonagenarian

====================================

IL-6 (pg/ml) 0.11±0.04 0.35±0.07* 0.76±0.09*

IFN-gamma (pg/ml) 45.0±12.1 20.7±13.3** 35.1±10.4

sgp130 (ng/ml) 214.8±14.5 243.4±15.6*** 213.6±10.5

====================================

* P <0.01 when compared to young-adult subjects (by one way ANOVA test).

** P <0.01 when compared to young-adult and non-agenarian subjects.

*** P <0.05 when compared to young-adult and nonagenarian subjects. ...

Moroni F, Di Paolo ML, Rigo A, Cipriano C, Giacconi R, Recchioni R, Marcheselli

F,

Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E.

Interrelationship Among Neutrophil Efficiency, Inflammation, Antioxidant

Activity

and Zinc Pool in Very Old Age.

Biogerontology. 2005 Sep;6(4):271-281.

PMID: 16333761

Neutrophils are the first barrier against infections. Aged neutrophils display

impaired oxidative burst and phagocytosis with subsequent less capability to

destroy

bacteria. In successful ageing (nonagenarians), neutrophil efficiency

(phagocytosis)

increases. After ingested microbes, aged neutrophils are less prone to undergo

apoptosis favouring chronic inflammation. Moreover, the superoxide dismutase

(SOD)

activity, which is necessary in avoiding ROS produced by oxidative burst, is

limited

in ageing. The mechanisms of age-related changes in neutrophil function are not

fully understood, taking also into account that nonagenarians escape infections

in

comparison with elderly. Zinc pool may be involved because it is pivotal for

neutrophil efficiency and SOD activity. Since zinc also controls the

inflammation,

via IL-6 and soluble factor of gp130 (sgp130), we have assessed the possible

interrelationship among oxidative burst, apoptosis, inflammation, SOD, adhesion

molecule Mac-1 and zinc pool in elderly and in nonagenarians. The oxidative

burst

and the capacity to increase Mac-1 after PMA stimulation decrease both in

elderly

and nonagenarians, but the latter display a slight increased neutrophil induced

apoptosis, decreased sgp130, increased SOD, and more neutrophil zinc content, as

it

occurs in young-adults. Significant correlation exists between sgp130 and zinc

pool

in very old age. These findings suggest lower chronic inflammation in

nonagenarians,

via more zinc available, with subsequent long-life survival. Therefore, a more

correct interrelationship among neutrophil efficiency, inflammation, antioxidant

activity and zinc pool exists in successful ageing with subsequent more

effectiveness to control the inflammatory response to pathogens.

See the pdf-available below paper and a few highlights.

.... Healthy human donors of different age [n=39 young-adult (age range 25–60

years,

mean 43±17 years), n=35 old (age range 61–85 years, mean 73±12 years.)and n=14

very

old (age range 86–95 years, mean 91±4 years)] were recruited.

.... Table 1. Neutrophil number,zinc pool and plasma SOD activity in

young-adult,old

and nonagenarian individuals.

====================================

Parameters Young-adult (n .39) Old (n=34) Nonagenarian (n=14)

====================================

White cells × 10^3/l 6.03±0.19 5.99±0.2 5.86±0.23

Percentage of neutrophils 53.5±1.6 57.2±1.3 60.0±1.1

Absolute number of neutrophils × 10^/l 3.24±0.17 3.44±0.16 3.40±0.20

Zinc plasma level (microg/l) 82.4±15.1 70.3±17.0* 71.3±13.9*

Zinc in Neutrophils (microg/10^10 cells) 140.5±3.54 85.6±4.83** 125.4±3.83

Plasma zinc ion bioavailability (Ratio TT/AT) (log^2 ) 1.00±0.2 3.05±0.2**

1.50±0.3

Plasma SOD activity (nM) 21.0±7.7 16.2±5.5*** 19.0±1.8

====================================

* P <0.05 when compared to young-adult subjects.

** P <0.01 when compared to young-adult and nonagenarian subjects.

*** P <0.05 when compared to young-adult and nonagenarian subjects.

.... Table 2. IL-6, sgp130 and IFN-gamma plasma levels in young-adult, old and

nonagenarian individuals.

====================================

Young-adult Old Nonagenarian

====================================

IL-6 (pg/ml) 0.11±0.04 0.35±0.07* 0.76±0.09*

IFN-gamma (pg/ml) 45.0±12.1 20.7±13.3** 35.1±10.4

sgp130 (ng/ml) 214.8±14.5 243.4±15.6*** 213.6±10.5

====================================

* P <0.01 when compared to young-adult subjects (by one way ANOVA test).

** P <0.01 when compared to young-adult and non-agenarian subjects.

*** P <0.05 when compared to young-adult and nonagenarian subjects. ...

Al Pater, PhD; email: old542000@...

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