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J Pain Symptom Manage. 2005 May;29(5 Suppl):47-56.

Oxycodone.

Kalso E.

University of Helsinki, and Department of Anesthesia and Intensive

Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki,

Finland.

Oxycodone has been in clinical use since 1917. Parenteral oxycodone

was used mainly for the treatment of acute postoperative pain whereas

combinations, for example, oxycodone and acetaminophen, were used for

moderate pain.

Since the introduction of controlled-release oxycodone, it has been

used to manage cancer-related pain and chronic non-cancer-related

pain problems. Controlled studies have been performed in

postoperative pain, cancer pain, osteoarthritis-related pain, and

neuropathic pain due to postherpetic neuralgia and diabetic

neuropathy.

The pharmacodynamic effects of oxycodone are typical of a mu-opioid

agonist. Oxycodone closely resembles morphine but it has some

distinct differences, particularly in its pharmacokinetic profile.

Being an old drug, the basic pharmacology of oxycodone has been a

neglected field of research.

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