Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Rheumatology

May 27, 2002

Until recent years, radiology was limited to x-ray evaluation of joint

spaces, bony erosions, and patterns of involvement. Although a diagnosis can

be made with these findings, there are better ways to get a more detailed

view. The use of MRI has greatly impacted muscular and skeletal diseases.

Small tears in the muscles, cartilage defects, and injuries are diagnosed

easily with use of MRI.

The MRI system is composed of a powerful magnet into which the patient is

placed. Radiofrequency waves are then generated into the patient, and

frequencies send back are then decoded and a unique image is created. The

conventional methods of radiology and computed tomography (CT) generally

rely on tissue density to detect inflammation. MRI technology is a more

sensitive method that can look into normal and inflamed tissue. Most MRI

machines have the magnets enclosed in a tunnel in which the patient is

placed. Most procedures are usually completed in approximately 45 minutes.

If a patient suffers claustrophobia, a sedative can be given before the

procedure is done. No hazards are known to be associated with MRI, but it is

preferred not to scan pregnant women.

Evaluation through the use of MRI is costly. Because of the accuracy and

better visualization through the use of MRI, this type of imaging is

becoming the method of choice. Continued studies being conducted and

continued progress in the field of imaging will ensure new developments

which will greatly benefit Rheumatology patients.

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