Hi Carb vs Hi Fat On Endothelial Function

[Guest guest]

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 86, No.

4, 923-928, October 2007

Effects of dietary composition on postprandial

endothelial function and adiponectin concentrations in

healthy humans: a crossover controlled study1,2

Michio Shimabukuro, Ichiro Chinen, Namio Higa,

Nobuyuki Takasu, Ken Yamakawa and Shinichiro Ueda

1 From the Second Department of Internal Medicine (MS,

IC, NH, and NT), the Department of Clinical

Pharmacology and Therapeutics (KY and SU), and the

Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus,

Okinawa, Japan

Background: Abnormalities during the postprandial

state contribute to the development of

atherosclerosis. Reportedly, postprandial

hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and

hyperlipacidemia independently cause postprandial

cytokine activation. However, it is not clear which

dietary composition preferentially affects

postprandial endothelial function in healthy subjects.

Objective: We aimed to examine the associations of

dietary composition and postprandial endothelial

function in healthy subjects.

Design: The effects of a single ingestion of a

high-carbohydrate meal (300 kcal, 100% carbohydrate),

a high-fat meal (30 g fat/m2, 35% fat), or a standard

test meal (478 kcal; 16.4% protein, 32.7% fat, 50.4%

carbohydrate) on postprandial plasma concentrations of

adiponectin and forearm blood flow (FBF) during

reactive hyperemia were studied in healthy subjects.

Results: The peak FBF response and the total reactive

hyperemic flow (flow debt repayment; FDR), indexes of

resistance artery endothelial function, were unchanged

after ingestion of a high-carbohydrate and standard

test meal but decreased 120 and 240 min after a

high-fat meal. After a high-fat meal, decreases in

peak FBF and FDR were well correlated with an increase

in plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations but not

with the other biochemical variables, including

triacylglycerol, insulin, glucose, total cholesterol,

HDL cholesterol, and adiponectin.

Conclusions: Postprandial endothelial function was

impaired only after the high-fat diet and not after

the high-carbohydrate or standard test meal in healthy

subjects. Because such endothelial dysfunction after a

high-fat meal was closely correlated with FFA

concentrations, postprandial state could be hazardous,

mostly through acute hyperlipacidemia in healthy subjects.