Re: Avoid liver toxins when fasting

[Guest guest]

Maybe a bit of coffee while you fast? Coffee components may be

protective of the liver..

" Pretreatment with kahweol and cafestol prior to the administration of

CCl(4) significantly prevented the increase in the serum levels of

hepatic enzyme markers (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate

aminotransferase) and reduced oxidative stress, such as reduced

glutathione content and lipid peroxidation, in the liver in a

dose-dependent manner. The histopathological evaluation of the livers

also revealed that kahweol and cafestol reduced the incidence of liver

lesions induced by CCl(4 "

Food Chem Toxicol. 2007 Nov;45(11):2118-25. Epub 2007 May 24.Click

here to read Links

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of the coffee diterpenes

kahweol and cafestol on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice.

Lee KJ, Choi JH, Jeong HG.

BK21 Project Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,

Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, Kwangju,

South Korea.

The hepatoprotective effects of kahweol and cafestol,

coffee-specific diterpenes, on the carbon tetrachloride

(CCl(4))-induced liver damage as well as the possible mechanisms

involved in these protections were investigated. Pretreatment with

kahweol and cafestol prior to the administration of CCl(4)

significantly prevented the increase in the serum levels of hepatic

enzyme markers (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate

aminotransferase) and reduced oxidative stress, such as reduced

glutathione content and lipid peroxidation, in the liver in a

dose-dependent manner. The histopathological evaluation of the livers

also revealed that kahweol and cafestol reduced the incidence of liver

lesions induced by CCl(4). Treatment of the mice with kahweol and

cafestol also resulted in a significant decrease in the cytochrome

P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), the major isozyme involved in CCl(4) bioactivation,

specific enzyme activities, such as p-nitrophenol and aniline

hydroxylation. Kahweol and cafestol exhibited antioxidant effects on

FeCl(2)-ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation in a mouse liver

homogenate, and on superoxide radical scavenging activity. These

results suggest that the protective effects of kahweol and cafestol

against the CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity possibly involve mechanisms

related to their ability to block the CYP2E1-mediated CCl(4)

bioactivation and free radical scavenging effects.

PMID: 17590492 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Food Chem Toxicol. 2007 Nov;45(11):2118-25. Epub 2007 May 24.Click

here to read Links

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of the coffee diterpenes

kahweol and cafestol on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice.

Lee KJ, Choi JH, Jeong HG.

BK21 Project Team, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,

Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, Kwangju,

South Korea.

The hepatoprotective effects of kahweol and cafestol,

coffee-specific diterpenes, on the carbon tetrachloride

(CCl(4))-induced liver damage as well as the possible mechanisms

involved in these protections were investigated. Pretreatment with

kahweol and cafestol prior to the administration of CCl(4)

significantly prevented the increase in the serum levels of hepatic

enzyme markers (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate

aminotransferase) and reduced oxidative stress, such as reduced

glutathione content and lipid peroxidation, in the liver in a

dose-dependent manner. The histopathological evaluation of the livers

also revealed that kahweol and cafestol reduced the incidence of liver

lesions induced by CCl(4). Treatment of the mice with kahweol and

cafestol also resulted in a significant decrease in the cytochrome

P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), the major isozyme involved in CCl(4) bioactivation,

specific enzyme activities, such as p-nitrophenol and aniline

hydroxylation. Kahweol and cafestol exhibited antioxidant effects on

FeCl(2)-ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation in a mouse liver

homogenate, and on superoxide radical scavenging activity. These

results suggest that the protective effects of kahweol and cafestol

against the CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity possibly involve mechanisms

related to their ability to block the CYP2E1-mediated CCl(4)

bioactivation and free radical scavenging effects.

PMID: 17590492 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

> Hi All,

>

> That body weight should increase significantly with a day of

fasting may be understood, since the digestive system may have less

contents when fasting. However, look at what happened to the liver.

It surprised. A risk of fasting partially or fully for liver toxins

appears to be large. The pdf of the below paper is free full-text.

>

>

> Qin LQ, Wang Y, Xu JY, Kaneko T, Sato A, Wang PY.

> One-day dietary restriction changes hepatic metabolism and

potentiates the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform

in rats.

> Tohoku J Exp Med. 2007 Aug;212(4):379-87.

> PMID: 17660703 http://tinyurl.com/32tcra

>

> Although dietary restriction (DR) is common in modern society,

research about hepatic metabolism and the hepatotoxicity induced by DR

has been conducted less intensively than that induced by fasting.

>

> In the present study, we fed male Wistar rats at five levels of

food intake for one day, including conventional feeding (60 kcal),

three of DR (45, 30, and 15 kcal), and fasting (0 kcal), and observed

the metabolic changes of hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1) and the

hepatotoxicity of chloroform (CHCl(3)) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)).

>

> The CYP2E1 content was significantly increased in 15 kcal-food and

fasting groups. The hepatic glutathione (GSH) content, which protects

the liver from hepatotoxic agents, was depleted in 15 kcal-food and

fasting groups. After the challenge by CHCl(3) and CCl(4), the

activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase,

marker enzymes for liver damage, were elevated remarkably at all food

groups. Moreover, their activities increased significantly in DR

groups, in comparison to the corresponding 60 kcal-food group. After

the challenge, the hepatic GSH content was also depleted significantly

in 15 kcal-food and fasting groups. CHCl(3) was cleared by hepatic

metabolism about 8-10 times faster than that of CCl(4). Similarly, the

areas under the blood concentration-time curve of CCl(4) was as much

as twice that of the corresponding CHCl(3).

>

> In conclusion, when food was restricted to less than half of

conventional amount, hepatic metabolism was affected and the

hepatotoxicity induced by CCl(4) or CHCl(3) was augmented by, at least

in part, CYP2E1 induction and GSH depletion.

>

>

> -- Al Pater, alpater@...

>

>

> ---------------------------------

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>