Re: Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Decline, and Risk of Dementia

[Guest guest]

As I’ve said here in the past, if one finds CRON too difficult , the Mediterranean diet with its’ many benefits is a good alternative!

On 8/12/09 1:47 PM, " puma8384 " <puma8384@...> wrote:

Study today published in JAMA

The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA)

Vol. 302 No. 6, August 12, 2009

Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Decline, and Risk of Dementia

Féart, PhD; Cécilia Samieri, MPH; Virginie Rondeau, PhD; Hélène Amieva, PhD; Florence Portet, MD, PhD;

Jean-François Dartigues, MD, PhD; Nikolaos Scarmeas, MD; Pascale Barberger-Gateau, MD, PhD

JAMA. 2009;302(6):638-648.

Context: Higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet is linked to lower risk for mortality and chronic diseases, but its association with cognitive decline is unclear.

Objective: To investigate the association of a Mediterranean diet with change in cognitive performance and risk for dementia in elderly French persons.

Design, Setting, and Participants: Prospective cohort study of 1410 adults ( & #8805;65 years) from Bordeaux, France, included in the Three-City cohort in 2001-2002 and reexamined at least once over 5 years. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet (scored as 0 to 9) was computed from a food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall.

Main Outcome Measures: Cognitive performance was assessed on 4 neuropsychological tests: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Isaacs Set Test (IST), Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), and Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT). Incident cases of dementia (n = 99) were validated by an independent expert committee of neurologists.

Results: Adjusting for age, sex, education, marital status, energy intake, physical activity, depressive symptomatology, taking 5 medications/d or more, apolipoprotein E genotype, cardiovascular risk factors, and stroke, higher Mediterranean diet score was associated with fewer MMSE errors ( & #946; = ˆ0.006; 95% confidence interval [CI], ˆ0.01 to ˆ0.0003; P = .04 for 1 point of the Mediterranean diet score). Performance on the IST, BVRT, or FCSRT over time was not significantly associated with Mediterranean diet adherence. Greater adherence as a categorical variable (score 6-9) was not significantly associated with fewer MMSE errors and better FCSRT scores in the entire cohort, but among individuals who remained free from dementia

over 5 years, the association for the highest compared with the lowest group was significant (adjusted for all factors, for

MMSE: & #946; = ˆ0.03; 95% CI, ˆ0.05 to ˆ0.001; P = .04; for FCSRT: & #946; = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.008 to 0.41; P =.04). Mediterranean diet

adherence was not associated with the risk for incident dementia (fully adjusted model: hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.60 to

2.10; P = .72), although power to detect a difference was limited.

Conclusions: Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with slower MMSE cognitive decline but not consistently with other cognitive tests. Higher adherence was not associated with risk for incident dementia.

Author Affiliations: Research Center INSERM U897, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France (Drs Féart, Rondeau, Amieva, Dartigues, and Barberger-Gateau and Ms Samieri); INSERM U888, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France (Dr Portet); and Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Scarmeas).