Tipton Protein and Exercise Adaptation - Free Paper

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Nutrient intake before, during, and after training will influence the

adaptations that occur in response to the training stimulus. The influence of

protein on training adaptations is receiving increasing attention from

researchers. Methodological issues should be carefully considered when

evaluating evidence of nutritional influence on training adaptations. Evidence

suggests that adaptations to training are due to changes in the types and

activities of various proteins in response to each exercise bout. Thus, study of

the acute metabolic and molecular responses to exercise plus nutrition may

provide valuable information about the expected influence on training

adaptations. The type of protein, timing of protein ingestion relative to

exercise, concurrent ingestion of other nutrients with protein, as well as the

type of exercise training performed will impact the adaptations to training with

the intake of protein. Protein is an important nutrient for muscle hypertrophy

with training, but there is little support for the need for very high (e.g.

>2.5–3.0 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight) intakes. Traditionally,

endurance athletes have focused on carbohydrate intake, but recently protein has

been touted to be critical during and after endurance exercise. There is

evidence for and against the importance of protein for endurance exercise and

more, well-controlled studies are required to delineate the importance of

protein for endurance exercise adaptations. Whereas nutritional manipulations

have customarily been focused on preventing protein degradation, muscle damage,

and oxidative stress, recent evidence suggests that these processes may be

critical for the optimal adaptive response to training.

Driscoll

Sydney Australia