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Attached is an EAS study at a high level to determine impact on renal function. Sounds like for short term use high levels are okay unless you have an unusual reaction.

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The Effect of Acute Dietary Creatine Supplementation Upon Indices of Renal, Hepatic, and Hematological Function in Humans

By D.A. Sewell, T.M. , A. Casey, and P.L. Greenhaff. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, U.K. Current interests in creatine (Cr) as a nutritional supplement include its use as an ergogenic aid (Casey, et al., 1996) and its potential therapeutic role in conditions of cardiovascular insufficiency (Gordon, et al., 1995). The improvement in exercise performance brought about by Cr ingestion has been positively associated with the extent of muscle Cr accumulation (Casey, et al., 1996), which can be markedly increased when Cr is ingested with carbohydrates (CHO; Green, et al., 1996). Despite its apparent widespread use among athletes, there is little published information concerning the effects of Cr supplementation on indices of renal, hepatic, and hematological function. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to obtain information relating to such indices in young, healthy, adult subjects, before and after five days of Cr, Cr and CHO, or placebo supplementation. Twenty-six healthy, young, adult subjects took part in the study which had ethical committee approval. Subjects were divided into 4 experimental groups who ingested 1 of the following supplements, 4 times daily for 5 days: 5 g of Cr monohydrate plus 1 g glucose (Cr, n=6); 6 g glucose (Glucose, n=6); 5 g Cr followed by 500 ml of CHO drink (18.5% w/v simple sugars; Cr + CHO, n=7), or 500 ml of CHO drink (CHO, n=7). Venous blood samples for analyses (see Table below) were taken prior to the start of the supplementation period, on the day following supplementation (Cr + CHO and CHO groups), and six weeks following supplementation (Cr and Glucose groups). Measurements were at all times within the normal range for each index. Changes from pre- to post-supplementation within groups are shown in the table.

The increase in serum creatinine concentration which was apparent on the day following Cr + CHO supplementation but not six weeks post Cr supplementation reflects an increased rate of muscle Cr degradation (Hultman, et al., 1996). Presumably the small increase in serum urea concentration 6 weeks following Cr supplementation occurred as a consequence of an increase in hepatic arginine availability, which resulted from a reduction in the rate of endogenous Cr synthesis. We conclude that acute Cr supplementation (i.e., 4 x 5 g per day for five days) poses no obvious health risk to healthy, young adults. REFERENCES A. Casey, D. Constantin-Teodosiu, S. Howell, E. Hultman, P. Greenhaff, Am. J. Physiol. 271 (1996) : E31-E37.A. Gordon, E. Hultman, J. Kailser, S. Kristjanssen, C. Rolf, O. Nyquist, C. Sylven, Cardiovasc. Res. 30 (1995) : 413-418.A. Green, E. Hultman, I. Mac, D. Sewell, P. Greenhaff, Am. J. Physiol. 271 (1996) : E821-E826.E. Hultman, K. Soderlund, J. Timmons, G. Cederblad, P. Greenhaff, J. Appl. Physiol. 81 (1996) : 232-237.

This work was supported by the Defense Research Agency and Experimental and Applied Sciences, Inc., Golden, CO.

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59 (1998) : 17AReprint permission granted by The Nutrition Society.

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