Re: [SPAM] Newborn with DS

[Guest guest]

Anne..

Congrats on your new baby ! was our number six. Your family's situation overseas's is exactly why I want to use Utube to show ideas and what we are all doing therapy wise.

Right now.. you need to work on helping him roll over and lifting his head while on his belly. Our therapist in the states had us do this by putting on a Wedge of foam and literally slowly tucking her arm under her and rolling her down the incline only once. From belly to back.

Its not strentgh you really need to work on. Our kids are strong as ox's its the muscle tone that is the problem. I don't quite understand it myself.. but is 2 1/2 now.

Is our child able to breast feed? are you bottle feeding? I ask only to warn you. I nursed .. and her gross motor skill were very slow to get moving. Considering the amount of time she spent on the floor verses in my arms nursing.. I think that was the reason for hte delay. THAT SAID.. once she turned one year.. and started to nurse less.. she blossomed fast. Was walking with help at 17 months. Not to shabby considereing that she could neither clap NOR sit alone on her first birthday. ON the other hand.. her speech is great ( not perfect) and she only has two foods she won't eat.. soft breads ( soft pretzels- white bread) and Peanut butter.. cause the palate of her mouth is high. Kiddo loves veggies..So all that time Nursing did pay off.

All that said.. I was freaking out that she could not clap or sit alone at one year. So.. I tell you that just because your child does not do something " on schedle" dont worry.. they likely will do it just help them along and they will deveop on their own time frame.

How is your son's health? have they checked out his heart? IF not that needs to be done asap. Are you from the states?

STeph

[sPAM][DownSyndromeInfoExchange] Newborn with DS

hello,

I delivered my new son (Umar #5 in our bunch) three and half weeks ago. I was told he has DS and to expect that he will develop latter and basically sent on my way. I live in Saudi Arabia and there are NO resources here to speak of. I've been told of a Dr. and a DS association in Bahrain where I am hoping to get to soon (need Umar's passport first though)

So my question, is there anything I can be doing with my three and a half week old to help strengthen his muscles? I mean anything other than what I've done with my other four and all. What should I be expecting in these early months? If nothing but the normal, eat, sleep and poop that all newborns do.. or is there something more that I could be doing?

I've ordered some books hoping to have them by the end of the month (when I say no resources not even a pamphlet). Any book suggestions or websites ect would be great as well.

Thanks

Ann_____________________________________________________________Looking for insurance? Click to compare and save big.

[Guest guest]

Hi Anne,

Congrats on your new baby!! I'm the oldest of 11 children . . . my youngest brother (baby #10) is 3 years old and he has DS. He has a twin sister who is younger than him, but she does not have DS.

I have some info on our site (see link below my name) and I also have some links off of that to some books that are very helpful - www.gotdownsyndrome.net/books.html.

There are a couple of books on the link above that are very helpful. One is on gross motor skills and the other one is one is on fine motor skills. We used both of these to give us ideas to help my brother out. We didn't see any Physical thereapist or occupational therapist for my brother - we did all of this therapy here at home. With so many kids in the family he gets tons of stimulation and he is doing really well. His biggest delay is his speech. We do things with him on that - oral motor therapy. A good site on oral motor therapy is www.talktools.net. They have a lot of therapy tools that you can use. They also have a DVD set that is very helpful.

Something that really helped my brother's tone was when we started giving him Nutrivene-D (www.nutrivene.com). It's a vitamin/mineral supplement specifically designed for those with DS. We heard about it when my brother was 8 months old and we started him on it then. It helped his tone so much. He was able to sit up very soon after that and his overal tone just was so much better.

My mother breastfed my brother until he was a little over 2 years old. It was so beneficial for him. Breastfeeding really helps with oral motor muscles.

Anyways, feel free to ask away with questions here! I'm sure you'll get lots of help!

Qadoshyah

Got Down Syndrome?www.gotdownsyndrome.net

Blog: http://gotdownsyndrome.blogspot.com

Book - Down Syndrome ~ What You CAN Do

www.gotdownsyndrome.net/Book/whatyoucandobook.html

[sPAM][DownSyndromeInfoExchange] Newborn with DS

hello,

I delivered my new son (Umar #5 in our bunch) three and half weeks ago. I was told he has DS and to expect that he will develop latter and basically sent on my way. I live in Saudi Arabia and there are NO resources here to speak of. I've been told of a Dr. and a DS association in Bahrain where I am hoping to get to soon (need Umar's passport first though)

So my question, is there anything I can be doing with my three and a half week old to help strengthen his muscles? I mean anything other than what I've done with my other four and all. What should I be expecting in these early months? If nothing but the normal, eat, sleep and poop that all newborns do.. or is there something more that I could be doing?

I've ordered some books hoping to have them by the end of the month (when I say no resources not even a pamphlet). Any book suggestions or websites ect would be great as well.

Thanks

Ann_____________________________________________________________Looking for insurance? Click to compare and save big.

No virus found in this incoming message.Checked by AVG. Version: 7.5.519 / Virus Database: 269.22.13/1376 - Release Date: 4/13/2008 1:45 PM

[Guest guest]

Steph

Great to see a Family bigger than mine Utube would be great for me

and probably the numerous others that are in the same situation.

I have a wedge that I use for him to sleep on in his bassinett I'm

thinking I could easily use that to roll him over. I put him on the

floor a lot so his sisters can play with him safely. I also put him

on his belly for him to lift his head from side to side which he also

does while lying on my chest (same as my other children I'm not

seeing any differences at this point)

I bottle feed simply because I don't produce enough milk, never did

my children would starve depending on my milk supply. Add in that

Umar had latching issues than simply had a preference for the bottle

(he quickly learned more came from the bottle and a whole lot easier)

that I simply decided to go bottle only (usually I'll breastfeed the

little I can than give the bottle)

Physically all of my others have been 'on schedule' or early. All

walking from 9 months ect. But dealyed speech is common in our

household. My 7 yr old didn't start talking until she was 3 1/2 and

my now 3+ yr old speaks on a lower level. But we do have two dominate

languages in the house English (me) and Arabic (father and his

family). I am wondering if we should stick with one language or not..

Anyone with dual languages in the home have a say in this??

I'm not one that goes by schedules I'm a care free sort of mom that

holds the motto " when they are ready it will get done " probably

because I have some of the most stubborn children on the planet. So

I'm kind of mentally prepared not to meet anyones schedule. But of

course I want to do all I can to help Umar the best way I can (like

any of my other children of course)

His heart is fine, his thyroid is fine, his hearing is fine (as much

as they can tell at this age). I've been told by someone these things

should be checked every six months.. ??? Is that a good schedule?

And yes I am originally from the US I've been livnig in Saudi due to

my husbands job for 7 years now. I don't get to the states much,

flying that long with all of these children is difficult. But I do

get to see other parts of the world.

Thanks a bunch

Ann

>

> Anne..

>

> Congrats on your new baby ! was our number six. Your

family's situation overseas's is exactly why I want to use Utube to

show ideas and what we are all doing therapy wise.

>

> Right now.. you need to work on helping him roll over and lifting

his head while on his belly. Our therapist in the states had us do

this by putting on a Wedge of foam and literally slowly

tucking her arm under her and rolling her down the incline only once.

From belly to back.

>

> Its not strentgh you really need to work on. Our kids are strong as

ox's its the muscle tone that is the problem. I don't quite

understand it myself.. but is 2 1/2 now.

>

> Is our child able to breast feed? are you bottle feeding? I ask

only to warn you. I nursed .. and her gross motor skill were

very slow to get moving. Considering the amount of time she spent on

the floor verses in my arms nursing.. I think that was the reason for

hte delay. THAT SAID.. once she turned one year.. and started to

nurse less.. she blossomed fast. Was walking with help at 17 months.

Not to shabby considereing that she could neither clap NOR sit alone

on her first birthday. ON the other hand.. her speech is great ( not

perfect) and she only has two foods she won't eat.. soft breads (

soft pretzels- white bread) and Peanut butter.. cause the palate of

her mouth is high. Kiddo loves veggies..So all that time Nursing did

pay off.

>

> All that said.. I was freaking out that she could not clap or sit

alone at one year. So.. I tell you that just because your child does

not do something " on schedle " dont worry.. they likely will do it

just help them along and they will deveop on their own time frame.

>

> How is your son's health? have they checked out his heart? IF not

that needs to be done asap. Are you from the states?

> STeph

>

> [sPAM][DownSyndromeInfoExchange] Newborn with DS

>

>

>

> hello,

>

> I delivered my new son (Umar #5 in our bunch) three and half

weeks ago. I was told he has DS and to expect that he will develop

latter and basically sent on my way. I live in Saudi Arabia and there

are NO resources here to speak of. I've been told of a Dr. and a DS

association in Bahrain where I am hoping to get to soon (need Umar's

passport first though)

>

> So my question, is there anything I can be doing with my three

and a half week old to help strengthen his muscles? I mean anything

other than what I've done with my other four and all. What should I

be expecting in these early months? If nothing but the normal, eat,

sleep and poop that all newborns do.. or is there something more that

I could be doing?

>

> I've ordered some books hoping to have them by the end of the

month (when I say no resources not even a pamphlet). Any book

suggestions or websites ect would be great as well.

>

>

>

> Thanks

>

> Ann

>

>

>

> _____________________________________________________________

> Looking for insurance? Click to compare and save big.

>

[Guest guest]

Dear Ann: Congratulations on the birth of Umar! I am originally from Panama (Spanish language) but do to my husbands job we have moved around. I have 3 boys. MIguel 15 years old, 7 years old and 2 years old who has DS. My kids go to an international school (In English), we speak spanish at home and we currently live in Brazil so my kids learn Portuguese as well in school. After doing a lot of reading and consultation I concluded that far from being something bad it is great that my kids have been exposed to the 3 languages and MIguel and speak the 3 languages perfectly. José did take a bit longer to start speaking because we moved to Brazil when he was 8 months old so he was introduced to the 3 languages at the same time. With I am doing exactly the same as I did with the

other two and I can say that he understands 100% of what we say in Spanish, I would say about 60% of what is said in Portuguese and he is starting to understand English as he just started school in English and I am reading to him in English. Currently he is able to point all body parts in Spanish and already some in English. I believe that it is a great stimulus for your son to listen to both languages and he will learn them if you speak to him in ENglish and your husband in Arabic. I have come to know of many children with DS that are bilingual just as any kid. I hope this helps! If you would like to meet my son and family visit us at http://danielgdlj.multiply.com Jannette nzinghas3

escreveu: StephGreat to see a Family bigger than mine Utube would be great for me and probably the numerous others that are in the same situation. I have a wedge that I use for him to sleep on in his bassinett I'm thinking I could easily use that to roll him over. I put him on the floor a lot so his sisters can play with him safely. I also put him on his belly for him to lift his head from side to side which he also does while lying on my chest (same as my other children I'm not seeing any differences at this

point)I bottle feed simply because I don't produce enough milk, never did my children would starve depending on my milk supply. Add in that Umar had latching issues than simply had a preference for the bottle (he quickly learned more came from the bottle and a whole lot easier) that I simply decided to go bottle only (usually I'll breastfeed the little I can than give the bottle)Physically all of my others have been 'on schedule' or early. All walking from 9 months ect. But dealyed speech is common in our household. My 7 yr old didn't start talking until she was 3 1/2 and my now 3+ yr old speaks on a lower level. But we do have two dominate languages in the house English (me) and Arabic (father and his family). I am wondering if we should stick with one language or not.. Anyone with dual languages in the home have a say in this??I'm not one that goes by schedules I'm a care free sort of mom that holds

the motto "when they are ready it will get done" probably because I have some of the most stubborn children on the planet. So I'm kind of mentally prepared not to meet anyones schedule. But of course I want to do all I can to help Umar the best way I can (like any of my other children of course)His heart is fine, his thyroid is fine, his hearing is fine (as much as they can tell at this age). I've been told by someone these things should be checked every six months.. ??? Is that a good schedule?And yes I am originally from the US I've been livnig in Saudi due to my husbands job for 7 years now. I don't get to the states much, flying that long with all of these children is difficult. But I do get to see other parts of the world. Thanks a bunchAnn>> Anne.. > > Congrats on your new baby ! was our number six. Your family's situation overseas's is exactly why I want to use Utube to show ideas and what we are all doing therapy wise.> > Right now.. you need to work on helping him roll over and lifting his head while on his belly. Our therapist in the states had us do this by putting on a Wedge of foam and literally slowly tucking her arm under her and rolling her down the incline only once. From belly to back.> > Its not strentgh you really need to work on. Our kids are strong as ox's its the muscle tone that is the problem. I don't quite understand it myself.. but is 2 1/2 now.> > Is our child able to breast feed? are you bottle feeding? I ask only to warn you. I nursed .. and her gross motor skill were very slow to get moving. Considering

the amount of time she spent on the floor verses in my arms nursing.. I think that was the reason for hte delay. THAT SAID.. once she turned one year.. and started to nurse less.. she blossomed fast. Was walking with help at 17 months. Not to shabby considereing that she could neither clap NOR sit alone on her first birthday. ON the other hand.. her speech is great ( not perfect) and she only has two foods she won't eat.. soft breads ( soft pretzels- white bread) and Peanut butter.. cause the palate of her mouth is high. Kiddo loves veggies..So all that time Nursing did pay off.> > All that said.. I was freaking out that she could not clap or sit alone at one year. So.. I tell you that just because your child does not do something " on schedle" dont worry.. they likely will do it just help them along and they will deveop on their own time frame.> > How is your son's health? have they checked out

his heart? IF not that needs to be done asap. Are you from the states?> STeph> > [sPAM][DownSyndromeInfoExchange] Newborn with DS> > > > hello,> > I delivered my new son (Umar #5 in our bunch) three and half weeks ago. I was told he has DS and to expect that he will develop latter and basically sent on my way. I live in Saudi Arabia and there are NO resources here to speak of. I've been told of a Dr. and a DS association in Bahrain where I am hoping to get to soon (need Umar's passport first though)> > So my question, is there anything I can be doing with my three and a half week old to help strengthen his muscles? I

mean anything other than what I've done with my other four and all. What should I be expecting in these early months? If nothing but the normal, eat, sleep and poop that all newborns do.. or is there something more that I could be doing? > > I've ordered some books hoping to have them by the end of the month (when I say no resources not even a pamphlet). Any book suggestions or websites ect would be great as well. > > > > Thanks> > Ann> > > > __________________________________________________________> Looking for insurance? Click to compare and save big.>

Abra sua conta no Yahoo! Mail, o único sem limite de espaço para armazenamento!

[Guest guest]

Dear Ann: Congratulations on the birth of Umar! I am originally from Panama (Spanish language) but do to my husbands job we have moved around. I have 3 boys. MIguel 15 years old, 7 years old and 2 years old who has DS. My kids go to an international school (In English), we speak spanish at home and we currently live in Brazil so my kids learn Portuguese as well in school. After doing a lot of reading and consultation I concluded that far from being something bad it is great that my kids have been exposed to the 3 languages and MIguel and speak the 3 languages perfectly. José did take a bit longer to start speaking because we moved to Brazil when he was 8 months old so he was introduced to the 3 languages at the same time. With I am doing exactly the same as I did with the

other two and I can say that he understands 100% of what we say in Spanish, I would say about 60% of what is said in Portuguese and he is starting to understand English as he just started school in English and I am reading to him in English. Currently he is able to point all body parts in Spanish and already some in English. I believe that it is a great stimulus for your son to listen to both languages and he will learn them if you speak to him in ENglish and your husband in Arabic. I have come to know of many children with DS that are bilingual just as any kid. I hope this helps! If you would like to meet my son and family visit us at http://danielgdlj.multiply.com Jannette nzinghas3

escreveu: StephGreat to see a Family bigger than mine Utube would be great for me and probably the numerous others that are in the same situation. I have a wedge that I use for him to sleep on in his bassinett I'm thinking I could easily use that to roll him over. I put him on the floor a lot so his sisters can play with him safely. I also put him on his belly for him to lift his head from side to side which he also does while lying on my chest (same as my other children I'm not seeing any differences at this

point)I bottle feed simply because I don't produce enough milk, never did my children would starve depending on my milk supply. Add in that Umar had latching issues than simply had a preference for the bottle (he quickly learned more came from the bottle and a whole lot easier) that I simply decided to go bottle only (usually I'll breastfeed the little I can than give the bottle)Physically all of my others have been 'on schedule' or early. All walking from 9 months ect. But dealyed speech is common in our household. My 7 yr old didn't start talking until she was 3 1/2 and my now 3+ yr old speaks on a lower level. But we do have two dominate languages in the house English (me) and Arabic (father and his family). I am wondering if we should stick with one language or not.. Anyone with dual languages in the home have a say in this??I'm not one that goes by schedules I'm a care free sort of mom that holds

the motto "when they are ready it will get done" probably because I have some of the most stubborn children on the planet. So I'm kind of mentally prepared not to meet anyones schedule. But of course I want to do all I can to help Umar the best way I can (like any of my other children of course)His heart is fine, his thyroid is fine, his hearing is fine (as much as they can tell at this age). I've been told by someone these things should be checked every six months.. ??? Is that a good schedule?And yes I am originally from the US I've been livnig in Saudi due to my husbands job for 7 years now. I don't get to the states much, flying that long with all of these children is difficult. But I do get to see other parts of the world. Thanks a bunchAnn>> Anne.. > > Congrats on your new baby ! was our number six. Your family's situation overseas's is exactly why I want to use Utube to show ideas and what we are all doing therapy wise.> > Right now.. you need to work on helping him roll over and lifting his head while on his belly. Our therapist in the states had us do this by putting on a Wedge of foam and literally slowly tucking her arm under her and rolling her down the incline only once. From belly to back.> > Its not strentgh you really need to work on. Our kids are strong as ox's its the muscle tone that is the problem. I don't quite understand it myself.. but is 2 1/2 now.> > Is our child able to breast feed? are you bottle feeding? I ask only to warn you. I nursed .. and her gross motor skill were very slow to get moving. Considering

the amount of time she spent on the floor verses in my arms nursing.. I think that was the reason for hte delay. THAT SAID.. once she turned one year.. and started to nurse less.. she blossomed fast. Was walking with help at 17 months. Not to shabby considereing that she could neither clap NOR sit alone on her first birthday. ON the other hand.. her speech is great ( not perfect) and she only has two foods she won't eat.. soft breads ( soft pretzels- white bread) and Peanut butter.. cause the palate of her mouth is high. Kiddo loves veggies..So all that time Nursing did pay off.> > All that said.. I was freaking out that she could not clap or sit alone at one year. So.. I tell you that just because your child does not do something " on schedle" dont worry.. they likely will do it just help them along and they will deveop on their own time frame.> > How is your son's health? have they checked out

his heart? IF not that needs to be done asap. Are you from the states?> STeph> > [sPAM][DownSyndromeInfoExchange] Newborn with DS> > > > hello,> > I delivered my new son (Umar #5 in our bunch) three and half weeks ago. I was told he has DS and to expect that he will develop latter and basically sent on my way. I live in Saudi Arabia and there are NO resources here to speak of. I've been told of a Dr. and a DS association in Bahrain where I am hoping to get to soon (need Umar's passport first though)> > So my question, is there anything I can be doing with my three and a half week old to help strengthen his muscles? I

mean anything other than what I've done with my other four and all. What should I be expecting in these early months? If nothing but the normal, eat, sleep and poop that all newborns do.. or is there something more that I could be doing? > > I've ordered some books hoping to have them by the end of the month (when I say no resources not even a pamphlet). Any book suggestions or websites ect would be great as well. > > > > Thanks> > Ann> > > > __________________________________________________________> Looking for insurance? Click to compare and save big.>

Abra sua conta no Yahoo! Mail, o único sem limite de espaço para armazenamento!

[Guest guest]

Dear Ann: Congratulations on the birth of Umar! I am originally from Panama (Spanish language) but do to my husbands job we have moved around. I have 3 boys. MIguel 15 years old, 7 years old and 2 years old who has DS. My kids go to an international school (In English), we speak spanish at home and we currently live in Brazil so my kids learn Portuguese as well in school. After doing a lot of reading and consultation I concluded that far from being something bad it is great that my kids have been exposed to the 3 languages and MIguel and speak the 3 languages perfectly. José did take a bit longer to start speaking because we moved to Brazil when he was 8 months old so he was introduced to the 3 languages at the same time. With I am doing exactly the same as I did with the

other two and I can say that he understands 100% of what we say in Spanish, I would say about 60% of what is said in Portuguese and he is starting to understand English as he just started school in English and I am reading to him in English. Currently he is able to point all body parts in Spanish and already some in English. I believe that it is a great stimulus for your son to listen to both languages and he will learn them if you speak to him in ENglish and your husband in Arabic. I have come to know of many children with DS that are bilingual just as any kid. I hope this helps! If you would like to meet my son and family visit us at http://danielgdlj.multiply.com Jannette nzinghas3

escreveu: StephGreat to see a Family bigger than mine Utube would be great for me and probably the numerous others that are in the same situation. I have a wedge that I use for him to sleep on in his bassinett I'm thinking I could easily use that to roll him over. I put him on the floor a lot so his sisters can play with him safely. I also put him on his belly for him to lift his head from side to side which he also does while lying on my chest (same as my other children I'm not seeing any differences at this

point)I bottle feed simply because I don't produce enough milk, never did my children would starve depending on my milk supply. Add in that Umar had latching issues than simply had a preference for the bottle (he quickly learned more came from the bottle and a whole lot easier) that I simply decided to go bottle only (usually I'll breastfeed the little I can than give the bottle)Physically all of my others have been 'on schedule' or early. All walking from 9 months ect. But dealyed speech is common in our household. My 7 yr old didn't start talking until she was 3 1/2 and my now 3+ yr old speaks on a lower level. But we do have two dominate languages in the house English (me) and Arabic (father and his family). I am wondering if we should stick with one language or not.. Anyone with dual languages in the home have a say in this??I'm not one that goes by schedules I'm a care free sort of mom that holds

the motto "when they are ready it will get done" probably because I have some of the most stubborn children on the planet. So I'm kind of mentally prepared not to meet anyones schedule. But of course I want to do all I can to help Umar the best way I can (like any of my other children of course)His heart is fine, his thyroid is fine, his hearing is fine (as much as they can tell at this age). I've been told by someone these things should be checked every six months.. ??? Is that a good schedule?And yes I am originally from the US I've been livnig in Saudi due to my husbands job for 7 years now. I don't get to the states much, flying that long with all of these children is difficult. But I do get to see other parts of the world. Thanks a bunchAnn>> Anne.. > > Congrats on your new baby ! was our number six. Your family's situation overseas's is exactly why I want to use Utube to show ideas and what we are all doing therapy wise.> > Right now.. you need to work on helping him roll over and lifting his head while on his belly. Our therapist in the states had us do this by putting on a Wedge of foam and literally slowly tucking her arm under her and rolling her down the incline only once. From belly to back.> > Its not strentgh you really need to work on. Our kids are strong as ox's its the muscle tone that is the problem. I don't quite understand it myself.. but is 2 1/2 now.> > Is our child able to breast feed? are you bottle feeding? I ask only to warn you. I nursed .. and her gross motor skill were very slow to get moving. Considering

the amount of time she spent on the floor verses in my arms nursing.. I think that was the reason for hte delay. THAT SAID.. once she turned one year.. and started to nurse less.. she blossomed fast. Was walking with help at 17 months. Not to shabby considereing that she could neither clap NOR sit alone on her first birthday. ON the other hand.. her speech is great ( not perfect) and she only has two foods she won't eat.. soft breads ( soft pretzels- white bread) and Peanut butter.. cause the palate of her mouth is high. Kiddo loves veggies..So all that time Nursing did pay off.> > All that said.. I was freaking out that she could not clap or sit alone at one year. So.. I tell you that just because your child does not do something " on schedle" dont worry.. they likely will do it just help them along and they will deveop on their own time frame.> > How is your son's health? have they checked out

his heart? IF not that needs to be done asap. Are you from the states?> STeph> > [sPAM][DownSyndromeInfoExchange] Newborn with DS> > > > hello,> > I delivered my new son (Umar #5 in our bunch) three and half weeks ago. I was told he has DS and to expect that he will develop latter and basically sent on my way. I live in Saudi Arabia and there are NO resources here to speak of. I've been told of a Dr. and a DS association in Bahrain where I am hoping to get to soon (need Umar's passport first though)> > So my question, is there anything I can be doing with my three and a half week old to help strengthen his muscles? I

mean anything other than what I've done with my other four and all. What should I be expecting in these early months? If nothing but the normal, eat, sleep and poop that all newborns do.. or is there something more that I could be doing? > > I've ordered some books hoping to have them by the end of the month (when I say no resources not even a pamphlet). Any book suggestions or websites ect would be great as well. > > > > Thanks> > Ann> > > > __________________________________________________________> Looking for insurance? Click to compare and save big.>

Abra sua conta no Yahoo! Mail, o único sem limite de espaço para armazenamento!