Diagnosing Sjogren¹s Syndrome

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Diagnosing Sjogren¹s Syndrome

Once a general examination is done, the physician will most likely order a

series of laboratory tests. Included in these tests are a blood count, liver

and kidney function tests, and blood sugar level. Certain immunological

tests such as an erythrocyte sedimentation rate may also be performed. To

further evaluate kidney function, a urinalysis is important. A chest x-ray

is generally done as well to check the lungs for signs of infection.

An ophthalmologist will sometimes perform a Schrimer test. This is a

screening test that requires placing a strip of filter paper in the lower

eyelid for a few minutes. The degree of wetting is then measured with a

ruler. This will provide evidence if the eyes are dry. The ophthalmologist

may also do a slit lamp test. This tells the physician if inflammation is

present in the external eye structures.

The physician will also evaluate salivary gland function. This is done

through inspection of the mouth. Sometimes saliva may be stimulated with a

sour substance, and then the saliva is collected and measured.

Before concluding a diagnosis of Sjogren¹s syndrome, the physician may

consider the possibility of other disorders that may appear to be like

Sjogren¹s syndrome. Allergies may cause itchy, red, dry eyes, as well as

dryness in the nose, mouth, and throat. The physician may also perform

another test, which is a small biopsy of the inner portion of the lips. This

is performed on an outpatient basis and is evaluated by a pathologist. This

determines the degree of inflammation inside the gland.

Although Sjogren¹s syndrome is a chronic condition, patients tend to lead

productive lives. Most physicians treat their patients conservatively with

substances to restore and stimulate moisture production. Frequent monitoring

and proper treatment of the patient with Sjogren¹s syndrome will help the

patient feel more comfortable and prevent complications that could be

avoided.