Trichodiene - volatile marker for trichothecenes

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Does anyone have more information about the compound called

trichodiene? It's a volatile sesquiterpene hydrocarbon that is formed

by toxigenic fungi as a precursor for real trichothecenes. So it is a

kind of MVOC.

Is it toxic? What are its chemical properties?

Here are two interesting studies regarding trichodiene:

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http://tinyurl.com/4vt8t4

Trichodiene as a volatile marker for trichothecenes biosynthesis

Institute of Food Technology, Agricultural University of Pozna

, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Pozna

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, Poland

Received 18 September 1996;

revised 15 April 1997;

accepted 8 September 1997.

Available online 14 January 1998.

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Abstract

The ability of Fusarium strains, belonging to five different species,

to produce volatile compounds and trichothecene toxins was monitored

by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Isolates were grown

for 21 days on autoclaved wheat kernels. The volatiles were collected

after three and 21 days on Tenax GR traps using a dynamic headspace

method, and immediately after volatiles collection the cultures were

checked for trichothecenes presence. Of nine analyzed strains, seven

were toxigenic and produced trichothecenes of both A and B type. Among

volatile metabolites sesquiterpene hydrocarbon trichodiene was the

object of interest as the intermediate in biosynthesis of all

trichothecenes. It was produced exclusively by toxigenic strains

representing four species, that produced ten different toxins.

Trichodiene was detected in all toxigenic strains after three days of

incubation, in two cases before any toxins were observed. Trichodiene

presence determined by a dynamic headspace method can serve as an

indicator for undergoing trichothecene toxins biosynthesis.

Author Keywords: Fungal volatiles; Fusarium; Headspace; Trichodiene;

Trichothecenes

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http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN & cpsidt=15493655

Résumé / Abstract

An efficient methodology was developed to determine the growth of

toxigenic Fusarium spp., based on headspace solid-phase

microextraction (SPME) and stir bar sorptive extraction of the fungal

volatile metabolites produced. SPME and headspace sorptive extraction

(HSSE) were used to monitor the de novo production of sesquiterpene

hydrocarbons, such as trichodiene, a volatile marker and intermediate

in the biosynthesis of trichothecenes. On growth media such as malt

extract agar and potato dextrose agar, it was found that trichodiene

was produced by toxigenic strains of Fusarium sambucinum and Fusarium

sporotrichioides. It was the main volatile metabolite in the headspace

extract of the cultures. On the other hand, deoxynivalenol producing

Fusarium graminearum showed a completely different pattern of volatile

sesquiterpenes and could easily be distinguished from a zearalenone

producing strain of F. graminearum based on the headspace profile.

Hence, it can be concluded that headspace analysis of volatile fungal

metabolites by SPME and HSSE in combination with gas

chromatography/mass spectrometry is a suitable monitoring technique to

differentiate toxigenic strains of Fusarium.

Revue / Journal Title

Journal of chromatography ISSN 0021-9673 CODEN JOCRAM