Re: Mycotoxin Adducts,liver,cholesterol crystals,OS,cataracts formation

[Guest guest]

I'm kind of understanding ehy I got caraeacrsm but why is it

floresant green?, maybe dried green pus? or mold, or green plaque

maybe? what even iy is it's still in my body because as cararacts

grows, even in right eye it's still green.

inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesos is associated with cataracts

formation

oxidation of cholesterol enzyme cholesterol oxidase

the clustering of cholesterol leads to cholesterol crystals

membrane cholesterol content is disturbed in the development of

cataracts.modification of lipid environment,such as by oxidative

insult is one potential mechanism.

http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/abstract/276/17/13573

immiscible cholesterol in cataracts

cholesterol crystals in cataracts

http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/abstract/274/44/31613?

ijkey=a062105d0a04d6c96304eafa2d682cf245c76089 & keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

cholesterol mataboliem

http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/cholesterol.html

> >

> > Note: Performing your original search, Mycotoxin Adducts on

> Human

> > Serum Albumin: Biomarkers of Exposure, in PubMed Central will

> > retrieve 9 citations.Journal List > Environ Health Perspect >

v.114

> > (8); Aug 2006

> >

> > Related material:

> > PubMed recordPubMed related artsPubMed

> > LinkOutCompoundSubstanceTaxonomyTaxonomy tree

> >

> > PubMed articles by:

> > Yike, I.

> > Distler, A.

> > Ziady, A.

> > Dearborn, D. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 August; 114(8): 1221–

> > 1226.

> >

> > Published online 2006 April 26. doi: 10.1289/ehp.9064.

> > Copyright This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and

> > redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any

> > purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the

article's

> > original DOI

> >

> > http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1552036

> >

> >

> > Research

> > Mycotoxin Adducts on Human Serum Albumin: Biomarkers of Exposure

to

> > Stachybotrys chartarum

> > Iwona Yike,1,3 Anne M. Distler,2 Assem G. Ziady,1 and Dorr G.

> > Dearborn1,3

> > 1 Departments of Pediatrics and

> > 2 Pharmacology and

> > 3 Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Case Western

> > Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

> >

> > Address correspondence to D.G. Dearborn, Swetland Center for

> > Environmental Health, Case Western Reserve University, School of

> > Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-4948 USA.

> > Telephone: (216) 368-8521. Fax: (216) 368-4518. E-mail: dxd9@

> >

> > The authors declare they have no competing financial interests.

> >

> > Received February 2, 2006; Accepted April 26, 2006.

> > Top

> > Abstract

> > Materials and Methods

> > Results

> > Discussion

> > References Abstract Objective.

> >

> > Despite the growing body of evidence showing adverse health

effects

> > from inhalation exposure to the trichothecene-producing mold

> > Stachybotrys chartarum, controversy remains. Currently, there are

> no

> > reliable assays suitable for clinical diagnosis of exposure. We

> > hypothesized that satratoxin G (SG)–albumin adducts may serve as

> > biomarkers of exposure to this fungus.

> >

> > Design. We studied the formation of adducts of SG with serum

> albumin

> > in vitro using Western blots and mass spectrometry (MS) and

> searched

> > for similar adducts formed in vivo using human and animal serum.

> >

> > Results. Samples of purified human serum albumin that had been

> > incubated with increasing concentrations of SG showed

concentration-

> > dependent albumin bands in Western blots developed with anti-SG

> > antibodies. MS analysis found that as many as 10 toxin molecules

> can

> > be bound in vitro to one albumin molecule. The sequencing of

> albumin-

> > adduct tryptic peptides and the analysis of

pronase/aminopeptidase

> > digests demonstrated that lysyl, cysteinyl, and histidyl residues

> > are involved in the formation of these adducts. Serum samples

from

> > three patients with documented exposure to S. chartarum similarly

> > revealed lysine–, cysteine–, and histidine–SG adducts after

> > exhaustive digestion, affinity column enrichment, and MS

analysis.

> > These adducts were also found in the sera from rats exposed to

the

> > spores of S. chartarum in contrast to control human subjects and

> > control animals.

> >

> > Conclusions. These data document the occurrence of SG–albumin

> > adducts in both in vitro experiments and in vivo human and animal

> > exposures to S. chartarum.

> >

> > Relevance to clinical practice. SG–amino acid adducts may serve

as

> > reliable dosimeter biomarkers for detection of exposure to S.

> > chartarum.

> >

> > Keywords: biomarkers, satratoxin G, Stachybotrys chartarum,

> > trichothecenes

> >

>