Re: I Wonder?

[Guest guest]

This looks like the same story.. and its got a photo..

The URL for the paper is

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es801402v

"

Contribution of Gas and Electric Stoves to Residential Ultrafine Particle

Concentrations between 2 and 64 nm: Size Distributions and Emission and

Coagulation Rates [image: Info icon]

- Supporting Info <http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es801402v>

Lance Wallace* <http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es801402v#cor1>, Fang

Wang, - and Persily

National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS8633,

Gaithersburg, land 20899

Environ. Sci. Technol., Article ASAP

*DOI: *10.1021/es801402v

Publication Date (Web): October 30, 2008

Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society

* Corresponding author address: 11568 Woodhollow Ct., Reston, VA 20191

(retired from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency); phone: (703)

620-4543; fax: (571) 201-8953; e-mail: lwallace73@....

Abstract

Three indoor sources (a gas stove, an electric stove, and an electric

toaster oven) of ultrafine particles (UFPs) have been studied in an

instrumented test house on the campus of the National Institute of Standards

and Technology (NIST). Previous studies have reported the concentration of

ultrafine particles indoors due to cooking, but have been limited to

particles with diameters greater than 10 nm. New technology now makes it

possible to measure particles as small as 2 nm. Therefore, NIST conducted a

study to measure typical concentrations and estimate emission rates and

coagulation rates of UFPs in the size range from 2 to 64 nm. More than 150

tests were completed. Peak concentrations from the gas and electric stovetop

burners/coils occurred at a particle size of approximately 5 nm. Total

number concentrations were as much as 10 times greater than reported in

previous studies of particle sizes above 10 nm. Because of these high

concentrations of very small particles, coagulation was the dominant process

affecting the evolution of the size distribution after the source was turned

off. The observed number concentration changes due to coagulation were fit

by models including corrections for van der Waals and viscosity forces and

fractal shapes. Indoor/outdoor ratios indicated that less than 5% of the <10

nm particles penetrated the house. This suggests that outdoor sources of

these ultrafine particles will not contribute substantially to human

exposure if indoor sources are present.

-----

*On Sat, Nov 15, 2008 at 1:10 PM, Joe Salowitz <josephsalowitz@...>wrote:

This article describes a new technology that allowed the National Institute

of Standards and Technology www.nist.gov to measure smaller particles than

were ever able to be measured before. While the function of this agency is

to partner with private business, in making their " products " better, I

wonder if this same technology can be used to " measure " , for the first time,

the mycotoxins that are making us deathly ill?

Does anyone have any ideas, or suggestions, on how we can make this happen?

If we are able to " measure " mycotoxin particles, it would go a long way

towards recognition that we are not crazy, and might even prompt government

efforts to help us with our illness.*

...............................

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http://www.physorg.com/news145801310.html

Nanoparticles in the Home: More and Smaller Than Previously Detected

Nanotechnology <http://nanotech.physorg.com/> / Bio &

Medicine<http://nanotech.physorg.com/sub_Bio+%7E+Medicine/>

[image: NIST researcher and guest researcher Lance

Wallace measure nanoparticles emitted by common household appliances. The

new experiments can measure ultrafine particles ranging in size from 2 to 10

nanometers.] NIST researcher and guest researcher Lance

Wallace measure nanoparticles emitted by common household appliances. The

new experiments can measure 'ultrafine particles' ranging in size from 2 to

10 nanometers.

Click here to enlarge

image<http://www.physorg.com/newman/gfx/news/hires/3-nanoparticle.jpg>

(PhysOrg.com) -- Extremely small nanoscale particles are released by common

kitchen appliances in abundant amounts, greatly outnumbering the previously

detected, larger-size nanoparticles emitted by these appliances, according

to new findings by researchers at the National Institute of Standards and

Technology. So-called " ultrafine particles " (UFP) range in size from 2 to 10

nanometers. They are emitted by motor vehicles and a variety of indoor

sources and have attracted attention because of increasing evidence that

they can cause respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses.

<http://physorg.tradepub.com/?pt=cat & page=_INTL> NIST researchers

conducted a series of 150 experiments using gas and electric stoves and

electric toaster ovens to determine their impacts on indoor levels of

nano-sized particles. Previous studies have been limited to measuring

particles with diameters greater than 10 nm, but new technology used in

these experiments allowed researchers to measure down to 2 nm

particles—approximately 10 times the size of a large atom.

This previously unexplored range of 2 to 10 nm contributed more than 90

percent of all the particles produced by the electric and gas stovetop

burners/coils. The gas and electric ovens and the toaster oven produced most

of their UFP in the 10 nm to 30 nm range.

The results of this test should affect future studies of human exposure to

particulates and associated health effects, particularly since personal

exposure to these indoor UFP sources can often exceed exposure to the

outdoor UFP.

Researchers will continue to explore the production of UFP by indoor

sources. Many common small appliances such as hair dryers, steam irons and

electric power tools include heating elements or motors that may produce

UFP. People often use these small appliances at close range for relatively

long times, so exposure could be large even if the emissions are low.

The experiments were conducted in a three-bedroom test house at NIST that

is equipped to measure ventilation rates, environmental conditions and

contaminant concentrations.

Citation: L. Wallace, F. Wang, C. - and A. Persily. Contribution

of gas and electric stoves to residential ultrafine particle concentrations

between 2 and 64 nm: Size distributions and emission and coagulation rates.

Environmental Science and Technology, DOI 10.1021/es801402v, published

online Oct. 30, 2008.

Provided by National Institute of Standards and Technology