Guest guest Posted February 25, 2008 Report Share Posted February 25, 2008 In addition to making a clear determination that it is actually creatine that is responsible for cramping, loading is an additional issue and another one is what kind of creatine. This study shows the effects of two different types of creatine: The effects of creatine pyruvate and creatine citrate on performance during high intensity exerciseRalf Jager , Jan Metzger , Karin Lautmann , Vladimir Shushakov , Purpura , Kurt-Reiner Geiss and Norbert Maassen Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2008, 5:4doi:10.1186/1550-2783-5-4 Published: 13 February 2008 Abstract (provisional) Background A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study was performed to evaluate the effect of oral creatine pyruvate (Cr-Pyr) and creatine citrate (Cr-Cit) supplementation on exercise performance in healthy young athletes. Methods Performance during intermittent handgrip exercise of maximal intensity was evaluated before (pretest) and after (posttest) 28 days of Cr-Pyr (5 g/d, n = 16), Cr-Cit (5 g/d, n = 16) or placebo (pla, 5 g/d, n = 17) intake. Subjects performed ten 15-sec exercise intervals, each followed by 45 sec rest periods. Results Cr-Pyr (p<0.001) and Cr-Cit (p<0.01) significantly increased mean power over all intervals. Cr-Cit increased force during the first and second interval (p<0.01) compared to placebo. The effect of Cr-Cit on force decreased over time and the improvement was not significant at the sixth and ninth interval, whereas Cr-Pyr significantly increased force during all intervals (p<0.001). Cr-Pyr (p<0.001) and Cr-Cit (p<0.01) resulted in an increase in contraction velocity, whereas only Cr-Pyr intake significantly (p<0.01) increased relaxation velocity. Oxygen consumption measured during rest periods significantly increased with Cr-Pyr (p<0.05), whereas Cr-Cit and placebo intake did not result in significant improvements. Conclusion It is concluded that four weeks of Cr-Pyr and Cr-Cit intake significantly improves performance during intermittent handgrip exercise of maximal intensity and that Cr-Pyr might benefit endurance, due to enhanced activity of the aerobic metabolism. W.G. Ubermensch Sports Consultancy San Diego, CA ====================================== -------------- Original message -------------- From: Ralph Giarnella The following should contribute to this discussion. Is it possible that what many are calling cramps is really compartment syndrome? Read below. Ralph Giarnella MD Southington Ct USA Creatine and Other Supplements Pediatric Clinics of North America - Volume 54, Issue 4 (August 2007) - Copyright © 2007 W. B. Saunders Company Creatine and Other Supplements Lattavo, DOa, & #8727; Kopperud, MDb,c D. , MD, MPH, FAAPc,d There have been anecdotal reports of muscle cramps and stiffness, musculotendinous injury, dehydration, and heat illness, but the research to date indicates that creatine does not increase the incidence of these effects [4], [43], [51], [52], [53], [54]. The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries and heat illness actually may be decreased by creatine [54]; however, there is evidence that creatine may increase muscle compartmental pressures in the leg [58]. [4] Tokish J.M., Kocher M.S., Hawkins R.J.: Ergogenic aids: a review of basic science, performance, side effects, and status in sports. Am J Sports Med 32. (6): 1543-1553.2004; Abstract [43] Bemben M.G., Lamont H.S.: Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: recent findings. Sports Med 35. (2): 107-125.2005; Abstract [51] Shao A., Hathcock J.N.: Risk assessment for creatine monohydrate. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 45. (3): 242-251.2006; Abstract [52] Kreider R.B., Melton C., Rasmussen C.J., et al: Long-term creatine supplementation does not significantly affect clinical markers of health in athletes. Mol Cell Biochem 244. (1–2): 95-104.2003; Abstract [53] Schilling B.K., Stone M.H., Utter A., et al: Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33. (2): 183-188.2001; Abstract [54] Greenwood M., Kreider R.B., Melton C., et al: Creatine supplementation during college football training does not increase the incidence of cramping or injury. Mol Cell Biochem 244. (1–2): 83-88.2003; Abstract [58] Bizzarini E., De Angelis L.: Is the use of oral creatine supplementation safe?. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 44. (4): 411-416.2004; Abstract =============================== Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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