CMT 1A: potentially useful P18 as a new P3X7 antagonist

[Guest guest]

J Biol Chem. 2010 May 3

Diadenosine homodinucleotide products of ADP-ribosyl cyclases behave as

modulators of the purinergic receptor P2X7.

Bruzzone S, Basile G, Parakkottil Chothi M, Nobbio L, Usai C, Jacchetti E,

Schenone A, Guse AH, Di Virgilio F, De Flora A, Zocchi E.

Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Sect. Biochemistry and CEBR, Univ. of Genova,

Italy

Abstract

ADP-ribosyl cyclases from both vertebrates and invertebrates were previously

shown to produce two isomers of P1,P2 diadenosine 5',5'''-P1, P2-diphosphate,

P18 and P24, from cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and adenine. P18 and P24 are

characterized by an unusual N-glycosidic linkage in one of the adenylic

mononucleotides (Basile, G. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 2005). P24,

but not P18, proved to increase the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i)

in HeLa cells and to negatively affect mitochondrial function.

Here we show that micromolar P24, but not P18, triggers a slow and sustained

influx of extracellular Ca2+ through the opening of the purinergic

receptor/channel P2X7. On the other hand, P18 inhibits the Ca2+ influx induced

by 0.6 mM ATP in HEK293 cells stably transfected with P2X7, with an IC50 of

approximately 1 microM.

Thus, P18 is devoid of intrinsic P2X7 stimulatory activity and behaves as an ATP

antagonist. A P2X7-mediated increase of the basal [Ca2+]i has been demonstrated

to negatively affect Schwann cell (SC) function in rats with the inherited,

peripheral neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A (CMT1A) (Nobbio, L. et al. J. Biol.

Chem. 284, 2009). Pre-incubation of CMT1A SC with 200 nM P18 restored the basal

[Ca2+]i to values similar to those recorded in wild-type SC.

These results identify P18 as a new P2X7 antagonist, potentially useful in the

treatment of CMT1A.