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The Difference Between CMT, MS and MD

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CMT, MS & MD What's the difference? by Dr. Greg *

CMT, multiple sclerosis, and muscular dystrophy are all three completely

separate and distinct problems.

The neuromuscular system really starts at the brain, which is the master

computer, and sends signals to the motor (muscles) via the spinal cord (an

intermediate connecting cable) which hooks up to the peripheral nerves (the

connecting lines between brain and muscle).

CMT is primarily a disease of the peripheral nerves (the connecting lines

between brain and muscle). CMT causes weakness and impaired sensory perception

because the signal can't get to and from the brain to muscle and skin, among

other things. The muscles will shrink (atrophy) as they aren't getting the

proper signals but the muscles themselves are not directly diseased per se.

Muscular dystrophy is a disease directly of the muscle itself and this causes

weakness of varying degrees (there are many forms of MD). Sometimes the heart

can be involved because it is a muscle too. Also, the lungs can be affected

because the breathing muscles are weak (similar to CMT, although in CMT it is

because the phrenic nerves are affected which in turn weakens the diaphragm, our

main breathing muscle).

Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the brain and spinal cord. It can affect both

movement and sensory perception and sometimes, thinking processes.

* Greg , MD., is a specialist in CMT disease and a professor at the

University of Washinton, Seattle.

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