RESEARCH - Adipose tissue has anti-inflammatory properties; focus on IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra)

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Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jun;1069:444-53.

Adipose tissue has anti-inflammatory properties: focus on IL-1 receptor

antagonist (IL-1Ra).

Division of Immunology & Allergy, University Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, 1211

Geneva 14, Switzerland. jean-michel.dayer@...

The formation of adipose tissue could result from abnormal metabolic processes

and, at the local level, from chronic inflammatory processes such as those

occurring in the synovial cavity in rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, or

the peritoneal cavity in various inflammatory processes of the digestive system.

Adipocytes are said to produce many hormones and proinflammatory mediators. So

far, however, little attention has been paid to cytokine inhibitory molecules.

Based on our observation of high levels of serum interleukin receptor antagonist

(IL-1Ra) in obese patients contrasting with decreased levels after gastric

bypass surgery, we found white adipose tissue (WAT) in the human system to be

the main source of IL-1Ra. IL-10 was also present in WAT. Furthermore, we found

that interferon-beta (IFN)-beta was the principal cytokine inducing IL-1Ra in

various WAT, such as that present in the synovium. We suggest that in addition

to other functions adipose tissue may give rise to a host-defense mechanism

against local inflammation and that fibrotic tissue in the vicinity may further

induce IL-1Ra in adipocytes via the production of IFN-beta.

PMID: 16855172

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed & cmd=Retrieve & dopt=Abstra\

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