Re: Fw: Reference Number: 4748528 Tilex

[Guest guest]

yesterday I went looking for info on decontaminating trichothecene mycotoxins on objects and the (military-related, mostly) documents I found specified 1% sodium hypochlorite with sodium hydroxide as what is needed to truly 'clean trichothecene mycotoxins on surfaces.. (thats important because skin absorbtion is one of the routes they enter the body)Also,

http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com has this paper which is very relevant:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 1: 442–447ISSN: 1545-9624 print / 1545-9632 onlineCopyright 2004 JOEH, LLC

DOI: 10.1080/15459620490462823An Investigation into Techniques for Cleaning Mold-Contaminated Home ContentsS.C. , T.L. Brasel, C.G. Carriker, G.D. Fortenberry, M.R. Fogle,J.M. , C. Wu, L.A. Andriychuk, E. Karunasena, and D.C. StrausCenter for Indoor Air Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Texas Tech UniversityHealth Sciences Center, Lubbock, TexasYou need to set up an account, but its free....

[Guest guest]

great post, Quack:

as most of you know, the JOEH is the research journal published for the ACGIH and AIHA. it is a benefit of membership in either group. when this article was published in July 2004, I read it with considerable interest.

please note that there is a difference between removing fungi and associated mycotoxins, and "DESTROYING" them, an important distinction that is not made clear in the following excerpts. on hard, non-porous surfaces, it's the WASHING -- not the bleach --that got the job done.

here are the abstract and conclusions from that paper for your reading pleasure:

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 1: 442–447

ISSN: 1545-9624 print / 1545-9632 online

Copyright c 2004 JOEH, LLC

DOI: 10.1080/15459620490462823

An Investigation into Techniques for Cleaning Mold-Contaminated Home Contents

S.C. , T.L. Brasel, C.G. Carriker, G.D. Fortenberry, M.R. Fogle,

J.M. , C. Wu, L.A. Andriychuk, E. Karunasena, and D.C. Straus

Center for Indoor Air Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Texas Tech University

Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas

ABSTRACT:

This study examined the efficacy of the following treatments

to reduce selected fungal spore and mycotoxin levels on materials

commonly found in home contents: (1) gamma irradiation

at a 10–13 kiloGray exposure, (2) a detergent/bleach wash,

and (3) a steam cleaning technique. A minimum of six replicates

were performed per treatment. Paper, cloth, wood, and

carpet were inoculated with either fungal spores (Stachybotrys

chartarum, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, or

Chaetomium globosum) at 240,000 spores/2.54 cm2 of material

or with the mycotoxins roridin A, T-2, and verrucarin A at

10ìg per 2.54cm2 of material. Treatments were evaluated with

an agar plating technique for fungal spores and a yeast toxicity

culture assay for mycotoxins. Results showed that gamma irradiation

inactivated fungal spores, but the treatment was not

successful in inactivating mycotoxins. The washing technique

completely inactivated or removed spores on all materials

except for C. globosum, which was reduced on all items except

paper (p<0.05).Washing inactivated all mycotoxins on paper

and cloth but not on carpet or untreated wood (p<0.001). The

steam cleaning treatment did not completely eliminate any fungal

spores; however, it reduced P. chrysogenum numbers on all

materials, C. globosum was reduced on wood and carpet, and

S. chartarum was reduced on wood (p < 0.05). Steam cleaning

was unsuccessful in inactivating any of the tested mycotoxins.

These results show that the bleach/detergent washing technique

was more effective overall in reducing spore and mycotoxin

levels than gamma irradiation or steam cleaning. However, the

other examined techniques were successful in varying degrees.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this trial, gamma irradiation at a 10–13 Kgy exposure

was successful in inactivating spores of Aspergillus niger,

Stachybotrys chartarum, Penicillium chrysogenum, and

Chaetomium globosum, but not the mycotoxins roridin A, verrucarin

A, and T-2 that had been inoculated onto carpet, cloth,

paper, and wood. Washing with bleach and a commercial detergent

was effective against spores of A. niger, S. chartarum,

and P. chrysogenum, but not C. globosum. The treatment was

successful against the tested mycotoxins for cloth and paper

materials, but not carpet and wood. The steam cleaning technique

was successful only with spores of S. chartarum and

C. globosum on wood material.

------------------

keep up the good work!

Wane

>> yesterday I went looking for info on decontaminating trichothecene> mycotoxins on objects and the (military-related, mostly) documents I found> specified 1% sodium hypochlorite with sodium hydroxide as what is needed to> truly 'clean trichothecene mycotoxins on surfaces.. (thats important because> skin absorbtion is one of the routes they enter the body)> > > Also,> > http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com> > has this paper which is very relevant:> > Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 1: 442–447> ISSN: 1545-9624 print / 1545-9632 online> Copyright 2004 JOEH, LLC> DOI: 10.1080/15459620490462823> > An Investigation into Techniques for Cleaning Mold-Contaminated Home> Contents> > S.C. , T.L. Brasel, C.G. Carriker, G.D. Fortenberry, M.R. Fogle,> J.M. , C. Wu, L.A. Andriychuk, E. Karunasena, and D.C. Straus> Center for Indoor Air Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology,> Texas Tech University> Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas> > You need to set up an account, but its free....>

[Guest guest]

please accept my apologies -- the detergent and bleach wash was

effective on cloth and paper, not " hard, non-porous " surfaces.

Wane

> >

> > yesterday I went looking for info on decontaminating trichothecene

> > mycotoxins on objects and the (military-related, mostly) documents I

> found

> > specified 1% sodium hypochlorite with sodium hydroxide as what is

> needed to

> > truly 'clean trichothecene mycotoxins on surfaces.. (thats important

> because

> > skin absorbtion is one of the routes they enter the body)

> >

> >

> > Also,

> >

> > http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com

> >

> > has this paper which is very relevant:

> >

> > Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 1: 442–447

> > ISSN: 1545-9624 print / 1545-9632 online

> > Copyright 2004 JOEH, LLC

> > DOI: 10.1080/15459620490462823

> >

> > An Investigation into Techniques for Cleaning Mold-Contaminated Home

> > Contents

> >

> > S.C. , T.L. Brasel, C.G. Carriker, G.D. Fortenberry, M.R.

Fogle,

> > J.M. , C. Wu, L.A. Andriychuk, E. Karunasena, and D.C. Straus

> > Center for Indoor Air Research, Department of Microbiology and

> Immunology,

> > Texas Tech University

> > Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas

> >

> > You need to set up an account, but its free....

> >

>