Re: Antiviral effects of Transfer Factor, antipathogenic and antiinflammatory agent

[Guest guest]

Thanks for this Natasa. Dr. Bock has put my son on Transfer Factor,

we have bad immune system problems. He takes 3 caps AM and 3 caps PM.

Do you know of a cheap place to get this?

Thanks

Gayatri

>

>

> Presse Med. 1984 Mar 3;13(9):537-40.

>

> [Treatment of herpes infections with transfer factor]

>

> [Article in French] Rosenfeld F, Viza D, J, Vich

JM,

> Binet O, Aron-Brunetire R.

>

> Twelve patients suffering from recurrent herpetic infections

> resistant to several current therapies were treated for a 3 to 10

months

> period with a bovine transfer factor specific to Herpes simplex

virus of

> type 1 and 2. The results obtained showed that this treatment was

> capable of dramatically reducing the intensity, duration and

frequency

> of the relapses. This preliminary clinical trial suggests that

specific

> transfer factor administered orally could be an effective treatment

of

> herpes infections.

>

> Publication Types: * Clinical Trial * English

Abstract

> * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

> PMID: 6230646 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> Lancet. 1981 Jul 18;2(8238):122-4.

>

> Treatment of childhood combined Epstein-Barr

virus/cytomegalovirus

> infection with oral bovine transfer factor.

>

> JF, Minnich LL, Jeter WS, Pritchett RF, Fulginiti VA,

Wedgwood

> RJ.

>

> An illness lasting for two years, with recurrent fever, rash,

> abdominal pain, and arthralgia, developed in a four year old boy.

He was

> found to have a combined Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus

(CMV)

> infection. His symptoms, CMV in his urine, and an absent in vitro

> lymphocyte response to CMV antigen persisted for two years. After

> treatment with orally administered bovine transfer factor clinical

> symptoms and viruria disappeared and specific immunity to CMV

developed.

> Evaluation of this treatment in chronic virus infections is

warranted.

>

> Publication Types: * Case Reports * Research

Support,

> Non-U.S. Gov't * Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

>

> PMID: 6113484 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2006;28(3):471-83.

>

> In vitro antibacterial activity of bovine dialyzable leukocyte

extract.

>

> Armides Franco-Molina M, Mendoza-Gamboa E, Castillo-Tello P,

> Tamez-Guerra RS, Villarreal-Trevi–o L, Tijerina-Menchaca R,

> Castillo-Le—n L, Zapata-Benavides P, Rodr'guez-Padilla C.

> Departamento de Microbiolog'a e Inmunolog'a, Laboratorio de

> Inmunolog'a y Virolog'a, Facultad de Ciencias Biol—gicas,

> Universidad Aut—noma de Nuevo Le—n, Nuevo Le—n, MŽxico.

>

> The rapidly developing resistance of many infectious pathogenic

> organisms to modern drugs has spurred scientists to search for new

> sources of antibacterial compounds. One potential candidate, bDLE

> (dialysis at 10 to 12 kDa cut-off) and its fractions ( " S " and " L "

by 3.5

> kDa cut-off and I, II, III, and IV by molecular exclusion

> chromatography), was evaluated for antibacterial activity against

> pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus

> pyogenes, Lysteria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas

> aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi) using standard antimicrobial

assays. A

> minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bDLE and its fractions was

> determined by agar and broth dilutions methods. Only bDLE and

its " S "

> fraction had an effect upon all bacteria evaluated (MIC ranging from

> 0.29 to 0.62 U/ml), and the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects

> (evaluated by MTT assay) were bacterial species-dependent. These

results

> showed a remarkable in vitro antibacterial property of bDLE against

> several pathogenic bacteria.

>

> Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

> PMID: 16997795 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> 3: Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Dec 15;4(13):1577-86.

>

> Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract protects against LPS-induced,

murine

> endotoxic shock.

>

> Franco-Molina MA, Mendoza-Gamboa E, Castillo-Le—n L,

> Tamez-Guerra RS, Rodr'guez-Padilla C. Laboratorio de

> Inmunolog'a y Virolog'a, Departamento de Microbiolog'a e

> Inmunolog'a, Facultad de Ciencias Biol—gicas, Universidad

> Aut—noma de Nuevo Le—n, Apartado Postal 46 F, San Nicol‡s de

> los Garza, N.L., MŽxico.

>

> The pathophysiology of endotoxic shock is characterized by the

> activation of multiple pro-inflammatory genes and their products

which

> initiate the inflammatory process. Endotoxic shock is a serious

> condition with high mortality. Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract

> (bDLE) is a dialyzate of a heterogeneous mixture of low molecular

weight

> substances released from disintegrated leukocytes of the blood or

> lymphoid tissue obtained from homogenized bovine spleen. bDLE is

> clinically effective for a broad spectrum of diseases. To determine

> whether bDLE improves survival and modulates the expression of

> pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in LPS-induced, murine endotoxic

shock,

> Balb/C mice were treated with bDLE (1 U) after pretreatment with

LPS (17

> mg/kg). The bDLE improved survival (90%), suppressed IL-10 and IL-

6, and

> decreased IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-12p40 mRNA expression; and

> decreased the production of IL-10 (P<0.01), TNF-alpha (P<0.01), and

IL-6

> (P<0.01) in LPS-induced, murine endotoxic shock. Our results

demonstrate

> that bDLE leads to improved survival in LPS-induced endotoxic shock

in

> mice, modulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression,

> suggesting that bDLE is an effective therapeutic agent for

inflammatory

> illnesses associated with an unbalanced expression of pro-

inflammatory

> cytokine genes such as in endotoxic shock, rheumatic arthritis and

other

> diseases.

>

> Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

> PMID: 15454111 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

>

> Cytotherapy. 2007;9(4):379-85.

>

> Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract modulates cytokines and nitric

oxide

> production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human blood cells.

>

> Franco-Molina MA, Mendoza-Gamboa E, Castillo-Tello P, Isaza-

Brando

> CE, Garc'a ME, Castillo-Le—n L, Tamez-Guerra RS,

> Rodr'guez-Padilla C. Departamento de Inmunolog'a y

> Virolog'a, Universidad Aut—noma de Nuevo Le—n, San

> Nicol‡s de los Garza, Nuevo Le—n, MŽxico.

>

> BACKGROUND: In the current study, we determined whether bovine

> dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) modulates lipopolysaccharide

> (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and cytokine overproduction. METHODS:

Human

> whole blood cells were treated with LPS (50 ng) + bDLE (1 U).

RESULTS:

> The bDLE treatment decreased nitric oxide as well as TNF-alpha, IL-

6 and

> IL-10 (P <0.01) cytokine production. In addition, it decreased

> TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 mRNA expression and suppressed IL-10

and

> IL-12p40 mRNA expression, but did not modulate IL-8 mRNA expression

in

> LPS-stimulated human blood cells. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest

that

> bDLE may effectively modulate the fatal symptoms of hypotensive

shock

> associated with endotoxin (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and cytokine

> production, and this may offer therapeutic potential for the

treatment

> of endotoxic shock.

>

> Publication Types: * Research Support, Non.S. Gov't

> PMID: 17573613 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> Biotherapy. 1996;9(1-3):67-72.

>

> Orally administered HSV-specific transfer factor (TF) prevents

> genital or labial herpes relapses.

>

> Pizza G, Viza D, De Vinci C, Palareti A, Cuzzocrea D,

Fornarola V,

> Baricordi R. Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy Unit, 1st-

Division of

> Urology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.

>

> Forty-four patients suffering from genital (22) and labial (22)

> herpes were orally treated with HSV-1/2-specific transfer factor

(TF).

> TF was obtained by in vitro replication of a HSV-1/2-specific bovine

> dialysable lymphocyte extract. Treatment was administered bi-weekly

the

> first 2 weeks, and then weekly for 6 months, most patients received

2-3

> courses. The total observation period for all patients before

treatment

> was 26,660 days, with 544 relapses, and a relapse index of 61.2,

whereas

> the cumulative observation period during and after treatment was

16,945

> days, with a total of 121 relapsing episodes and a cumulative RI of

21.4

> (P < 0.0001). Results were equally significant when the 2 groups of

> patients (labial and genital) were considered separately. These

> observations confirm previous results obtained with bovine HSV-

specific

> TF, and warrant further studies to establish HSV-specific TF as a

choice

> of treatment for preventing herpes recurrences.

>

> Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

> PMID: 8993760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> 5: Biotherapy. 1996;9(1-3):61-6.

>

> Efficacy of transfer factor in treating patients with recurrent

> ocular herpes infections.

>

> Meduri R, Campos E, Scorolli L, De Vinci C, Pizza G, Viza

D. Eye

> Physiopathology Clinical Service, University of Bologna, Italy.

>

> Recurrent ocular herpes is an insoluble problem for the

clinician.

> As cellular immunity plays an important role in controlling herpes

> relapses, and other studies have shown the efficacy of HSV-specific

> transfer factor (TF) for the treatment of herpes patients, an open

> clinical trial was undertaken in 134 patients (71 keratitis, 29

> kerato-uveitis, 34 uveitis) suffering from recurrent ocular herpetic

> infections. The mean duration of the treatment was 358 days, and the

> entire follow-up period 189,121 before, and 64,062 days after TF

> treatment. The cell-mediated immune response to the viral antigens,

> evaluated by the lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) and the leucocyte

> migration test (LMT) (P < 0.001), was significantly increased by

the TF

> treatment. The total number of relapses was decreased significantly

> during/after TF treatment, dropping from 832 before, to 89 after

> treatment, whereas the cumulative relapse index (RI) dropped,

during the

> same period, from 13.2 to 4.17 (P < 0.0001). No side effects were

> observed. It is concluded that patients with relapsing ocular

herpes can

> benefit from treatment with HSV-specific TF.

>

> Publication Types: * Clinical Trial

> PMID: 8993759 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

> 6: J Infect Dis. 1990 Jan;161(1):108-12.

>

> A controlled trial of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract for

> cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS.

>

> McMeeking A, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, Bonk S, Holzman RS,

Lawrence

> HS. Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center,

NY

> 10016.

>

> Cryptosporidial infection causes severe diarrheal disease in

> patients with AIDS. Fourteen patients with AIDS and symptomatic

> cryptosporidiosis were treated with a specific bovine dialyzable

> leukocyte extract (immune DLE) prepared from lymph node lymphocytes

of

> calves immunized with cryptosporidia or a nonspecific (nonimmune)

DLE

> prepared from nonimmunized calves. Six of 7 patients given immune

DLE

> gained weight and had a decrease in bowel movement frequency, with

> eradication of oocysts from stool in 5 patients. Six of 7 patients

given

> nonimmune DLE showed no decrease in bowel movement and 4, no

clearing of

> oocytes from stool; 5 continued to lose weight. Subsequently, 5 of

these

> 7 were treated with immune DLE; 4 had a decrease in bowel movement

> frequency and significant weight gain, with eradication of oocytes

from

> stool in 2 patients. Immune DLE produces sustained symptomatic

> improvement in patients with AIDS and active cryptosporidiosis, but

lack

> of an appropriate cryptosporidial antigen allows only postulation

that

> an augmentation of cellular immunity to Cryptosporidium parvum

induced

> by immune DLE resulted in the microbiologic and clinical improvement

> observed.

>

> Publication Types: * Clinical Trial * Controlled

> Clinical Trial * Randomized Controlled Trial * Research

> Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

> PMID: 2404072 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> 7: Acta Virol. 1988 Jan;32(1):6-18.

>

> De novo initiation of specific cell-mediated immune

responsiveness

> in chickens by transfer factor (specific immunity inducer) obtained

from

> bovine colostrum and milk.

>

> GB, Poindexter C, Fort JD, Ludden KD. Amtron, Inc.,

> ton, South Carolina.

>

> Transfer factors (TF) were prepared from colostrum and milk of

> bovines previously immunized with antigens obtained from

Coccidioides

> immitis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, or from the viral

> agents responsible for avian Newcastle disease, laryngotracheitis

> disease or infectious bursal disease. The ability of bovine TF to

> transfer specific cell-mediated immune responsiveness to a markedly

> xenogenic species was studied using specific pathogen free (SPF) and

> standard commercial (SC) chickens as model recipients. Cell-mediated

> immune responsiveness was documented using one or more of the

following

> for each antigen (organism) studied: (a) an in vitro chicken

leukocyte

> (heterophil) migration inhibition assay; ( delayed-wattle

reactivity;

> or © protection from clinical disease. Chicken TFs obtained from

> spleens of immune donors were evaluated in parallel to bovine TF's

in

> selected comparative studies. Bovine TF also referred to as specific

> immunity inducer (SII), and chicken TF were found to initiate

> antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity de novo in previously non-

immune

> SPF chickens as well as in SC chickens despite the presence of

> maternally acquired humoral antibody which may serve as a " barrier "

to

> immunization of SC chickens when commercially available vaccines are

> administered by parenteral routes. Bovine TF's specific for

> laryngotracheitis virus or infectious bursal disease virus afforded

> protection equal to that found for commercially available vaccines.

> Bovine TF's action was rapid (less than a day) and of relatively

long

> duration at least 35 days.

>

> PMID: 2897772 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> 8: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1987 Sep;44(3):329-34.

>

> Treatment of cryptosporidiosis with oral bovine transfer

factor.

>

> Louie E, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, Haynes TB, Gordon S, Bonk S,

> Lawrence HS.

>

> Cryptosporidia are intestinal protozoans long known to cause

> diarrhea in humans, especially those with acquired immune deficiency

> syndrome (AIDS). When transfer factor prepared from calves which

> possessed delayed-type hypersensitivity to Eimeria bovis was given

to

> nonimmune calves and mice it conferred protection against clinical

> infection (coccidiosis). Recent studies with oral bovine transfer

factor

> have shown that it can confer cell-mediated immunity to humans.

Based on

> these findings we decided to treat eight AIDS patients suffering

from

> Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhea with transfer factor prepared

from

> calves immune to Cryptosporidium. Prior to treatment with transfer

> factor, three patients had been treated with spiramycin, one patient

> with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), and one patient with

> furazolidone for greater than 1 month without clinical or laboratory

> improvement. Following administration of transfer factor, five or

eight

> patients exhibited a decrease in the number of bowel movements and

the

> development of formed stools. Cryptosporidium was eradicated from

the

> stools of four patients but two of these patients subsequently

relapsed

> and one patient continued to have diarrhea despite the absence of

> Cryptosporidium in the stool. One patient has been free of diarrhea

and

> Cryptosporidium for 2 years after discontinuation of transfer factor

> therapy.

>

> PMID: 3621678 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

>

>

> 9: Cell Immunol. 1986 Jul;100(2):555-62.

>

> Specific transfer factor protects mice against lethal

challenge with

> herpes simplex virus.

>

> Viza D, Vich JM, J, Rosenfeld F, Davies DA.

>

> Bovine transfer factor (TFd) specific to herpes simplex virus

(HSV)1

> or to HSV2 was prepared by immunizing calves with the corresponding

> virus. The TFd preparations were then injected into Swiss mice in an

> attempt to protect them against a subsequent lethal challenge with

HSV1

> or HSV2 virus. It was thus shown that injection of anti-HSV TFd

protects

> the mice against the corresponding HSV virus, whereas the injection

of a

> nonspecific TFd (anti-CMV) fails to protect against a challenge with

> HSV1. Furthermore, a dose-response effect was observed, since

potent TFd

> preparations were ineffective when they were used at one-fifth of

the

> original concentration. It seems, therefore, that animal models may

be

> used to assay the potency of TFd preparations specific for herpes

> viruses.

>

> Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

> PMID: 3019568 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

>

[Guest guest]

No, but if you find it please post!

Dana

-----Original Message-----From: mb12 valtrex [mailto:mb12 valtrex ]On Behalf Of Gayatri RampalSent: Tuesday, January 08, 2008 12:02 AMTo: mb12 valtrex Subject: Re: Antiviral effects of Transfer Factor, antipathogenic and antiinflammatory agent

Thanks for this Natasa. Dr. Bock has put my son on Transfer Factor, we have bad immune system problems. He takes 3 caps AM and 3 caps PM.Do you know of a cheap place to get this? ThanksGayatri>> > Presse Med. 1984 Mar 3;13(9):537-40.> > [Treatment of herpes infections with transfer factor]> > [Article in French] Rosenfeld F, Viza D, J, Vich JM,> Binet O, Aron-Brunetire R.> > Twelve patients suffering from recurrent herpetic infections> resistant to several current therapies were treated for a 3 to 10 months> period with a bovine transfer factor specific to Herpes simplex virus of> type 1 and 2. The results obtained showed that this treatment was> capable of dramatically reducing the intensity, duration and frequency> of the relapses. This preliminary clinical trial suggests that specific> transfer factor administered orally could be an effective treatment of> herpes infections.> > Publication Types: * Clinical Trial * English Abstract> * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't> PMID: 6230646 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > Lancet. 1981 Jul 18;2(8238):122-4.> > Treatment of childhood combined Epstein-Barr virus/cytomegalovirus> infection with oral bovine transfer factor.> > JF, Minnich LL, Jeter WS, Pritchett RF, Fulginiti VA, Wedgwood> RJ.> > An illness lasting for two years, with recurrent fever, rash,> abdominal pain, and arthralgia, developed in a four year old boy. He was> found to have a combined Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV)> infection. His symptoms, CMV in his urine, and an absent in vitro> lymphocyte response to CMV antigen persisted for two years. After> treatment with orally administered bovine transfer factor clinical> symptoms and viruria disappeared and specific immunity to CMV developed.> Evaluation of this treatment in chronic virus infections is warranted.> > Publication Types: * Case Reports * Research Support,> Non-U.S. Gov't * Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.> > PMID: 6113484 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2006;28(3):471-83.> > In vitro antibacterial activity of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract.> > Armides Franco-Molina M, Mendoza-Gamboa E, Castillo-Tello P,> Tamez-Guerra RS, Villarreal-Trevi–o L, Tijerina-Menchaca R,> Castillo-Le—n L, Zapata-Benavides P, Rodr'guez-Padilla C. > Departamento de Microbiolog'a e Inmunolog'a, Laboratorio de> Inmunolog'a y Virolog'a, Facultad de Ciencias Biol—gicas,> Universidad Aut—noma de Nuevo Le—n, Nuevo Le—n, MŽxico.> > The rapidly developing resistance of many infectious pathogenic> organisms to modern drugs has spurred scientists to search for new> sources of antibacterial compounds. One potential candidate, bDLE> (dialysis at 10 to 12 kDa cut-off) and its fractions ("S" and "L" by 3.5> kDa cut-off and I, II, III, and IV by molecular exclusion> chromatography), was evaluated for antibacterial activity against> pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus> pyogenes, Lysteria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas> aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi) using standard antimicrobial assays. A> minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bDLE and its fractions was> determined by agar and broth dilutions methods. Only bDLE and its "S"> fraction had an effect upon all bacteria evaluated (MIC ranging from> 0.29 to 0.62 U/ml), and the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects> (evaluated by MTT assay) were bacterial species-dependent. These results> showed a remarkable in vitro antibacterial property of bDLE against> several pathogenic bacteria.> > Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't> PMID: 16997795 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > 3: Int Immunopharmacol. 2004 Dec 15;4(13):1577-86.> > Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract protects against LPS-induced, murine> endotoxic shock.> > Franco-Molina MA, Mendoza-Gamboa E, Castillo-Le—n L,> Tamez-Guerra RS, Rodr'guez-Padilla C. Laboratorio de> Inmunolog'a y Virolog'a, Departamento de Microbiolog'a e> Inmunolog'a, Facultad de Ciencias Biol—gicas, Universidad> Aut—noma de Nuevo Le—n, Apartado Postal 46 F, San Nicol‡s de> los Garza, N.L., MŽxico.> > The pathophysiology of endotoxic shock is characterized by the> activation of multiple pro-inflammatory genes and their products which> initiate the inflammatory process. Endotoxic shock is a serious> condition with high mortality. Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract> (bDLE) is a dialyzate of a heterogeneous mixture of low molecular weight> substances released from disintegrated leukocytes of the blood or> lymphoid tissue obtained from homogenized bovine spleen. bDLE is> clinically effective for a broad spectrum of diseases. To determine> whether bDLE improves survival and modulates the expression of> pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in LPS-induced, murine endotoxic shock,> Balb/C mice were treated with bDLE (1 U) after pretreatment with LPS (17> mg/kg). The bDLE improved survival (90%), suppressed IL-10 and IL-6, and> decreased IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-12p40 mRNA expression; and> decreased the production of IL-10 (P<0.01), TNF-alpha (P<0.01), and IL-6> (P<0.01) in LPS-induced, murine endotoxic shock. Our results demonstrate> that bDLE leads to improved survival in LPS-induced endotoxic shock in> mice, modulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression,> suggesting that bDLE is an effective therapeutic agent for inflammatory> illnesses associated with an unbalanced expression of pro-inflammatory> cytokine genes such as in endotoxic shock, rheumatic arthritis and other> diseases.> > Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't> PMID: 15454111 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > > Cytotherapy. 2007;9(4):379-85.> > Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract modulates cytokines and nitric oxide> production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human blood cells.> > Franco-Molina MA, Mendoza-Gamboa E, Castillo-Tello P, Isaza-Brando> CE, Garc'a ME, Castillo-Le—n L, Tamez-Guerra RS,> Rodr'guez-Padilla C. Departamento de Inmunolog'a y> Virolog'a, Universidad Aut—noma de Nuevo Le—n, San> Nicol‡s de los Garza, Nuevo Le—n, MŽxico.> > BACKGROUND: In the current study, we determined whether bovine> dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) modulates lipopolysaccharide> (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and cytokine overproduction. METHODS: Human> whole blood cells were treated with LPS (50 ng) + bDLE (1 U). RESULTS:> The bDLE treatment decreased nitric oxide as well as TNF-alpha, IL-6 and> IL-10 (P <0.01) cytokine production. In addition, it decreased> TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 mRNA expression and suppressed IL-10 and> IL-12p40 mRNA expression, but did not modulate IL-8 mRNA expression in> LPS-stimulated human blood cells. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that> bDLE may effectively modulate the fatal symptoms of hypotensive shock> associated with endotoxin (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and cytokine> production, and this may offer therapeutic potential for the treatment> of endotoxic shock.> > Publication Types: * Research Support, Non.S. Gov't> PMID: 17573613 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > Biotherapy. 1996;9(1-3):67-72.> > Orally administered HSV-specific transfer factor (TF) prevents> genital or labial herpes relapses.> > Pizza G, Viza D, De Vinci C, Palareti A, Cuzzocrea D, Fornarola V,> Baricordi R. Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy Unit, 1st-Division of> Urology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.> > Forty-four patients suffering from genital (22) and labial (22)> herpes were orally treated with HSV-1/2-specific transfer factor (TF).> TF was obtained by in vitro replication of a HSV-1/2-specific bovine> dialysable lymphocyte extract. Treatment was administered bi-weekly the> first 2 weeks, and then weekly for 6 months, most patients received 2-3> courses. The total observation period for all patients before treatment> was 26,660 days, with 544 relapses, and a relapse index of 61.2, whereas> the cumulative observation period during and after treatment was 16,945> days, with a total of 121 relapsing episodes and a cumulative RI of 21.4> (P < 0.0001). Results were equally significant when the 2 groups of> patients (labial and genital) were considered separately. These> observations confirm previous results obtained with bovine HSV-specific> TF, and warrant further studies to establish HSV-specific TF as a choice> of treatment for preventing herpes recurrences.> > Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't> PMID: 8993760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > 5: Biotherapy. 1996;9(1-3):61-6.> > Efficacy of transfer factor in treating patients with recurrent> ocular herpes infections.> > Meduri R, Campos E, Scorolli L, De Vinci C, Pizza G, Viza D. Eye> Physiopathology Clinical Service, University of Bologna, Italy.> > Recurrent ocular herpes is an insoluble problem for the clinician.> As cellular immunity plays an important role in controlling herpes> relapses, and other studies have shown the efficacy of HSV-specific> transfer factor (TF) for the treatment of herpes patients, an open> clinical trial was undertaken in 134 patients (71 keratitis, 29> kerato-uveitis, 34 uveitis) suffering from recurrent ocular herpetic> infections. The mean duration of the treatment was 358 days, and the> entire follow-up period 189,121 before, and 64,062 days after TF> treatment. The cell-mediated immune response to the viral antigens,> evaluated by the lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) and the leucocyte> migration test (LMT) (P < 0.001), was significantly increased by the TF> treatment. The total number of relapses was decreased significantly> during/after TF treatment, dropping from 832 before, to 89 after> treatment, whereas the cumulative relapse index (RI) dropped, during the> same period, from 13.2 to 4.17 (P < 0.0001). No side effects were> observed. It is concluded that patients with relapsing ocular herpes can> benefit from treatment with HSV-specific TF.> > Publication Types: * Clinical Trial> PMID: 8993759 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > 6: J Infect Dis. 1990 Jan;161(1):108-12.> > A controlled trial of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract for> cryptosporidiosis in patients with AIDS.> > McMeeking A, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, Bonk S, Holzman RS, Lawrence> HS. Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, NY> 10016.> > Cryptosporidial infection causes severe diarrheal disease in> patients with AIDS. Fourteen patients with AIDS and symptomatic> cryptosporidiosis were treated with a specific bovine dialyzable> leukocyte extract (immune DLE) prepared from lymph node lymphocytes of> calves immunized with cryptosporidia or a nonspecific (nonimmune) DLE> prepared from nonimmunized calves. Six of 7 patients given immune DLE> gained weight and had a decrease in bowel movement frequency, with> eradication of oocysts from stool in 5 patients. Six of 7 patients given> nonimmune DLE showed no decrease in bowel movement and 4, no clearing of> oocytes from stool; 5 continued to lose weight. Subsequently, 5 of these> 7 were treated with immune DLE; 4 had a decrease in bowel movement> frequency and significant weight gain, with eradication of oocytes from> stool in 2 patients. Immune DLE produces sustained symptomatic> improvement in patients with AIDS and active cryptosporidiosis, but lack> of an appropriate cryptosporidial antigen allows only postulation that> an augmentation of cellular immunity to Cryptosporidium parvum induced> by immune DLE resulted in the microbiologic and clinical improvement> observed.> > Publication Types: * Clinical Trial * Controlled> Clinical Trial * Randomized Controlled Trial * Research> Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.> PMID: 2404072 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > 7: Acta Virol. 1988 Jan;32(1):6-18.> > De novo initiation of specific cell-mediated immune responsiveness> in chickens by transfer factor (specific immunity inducer) obtained from> bovine colostrum and milk.> > GB, Poindexter C, Fort JD, Ludden KD. Amtron, Inc.,> ton, South Carolina.> > Transfer factors (TF) were prepared from colostrum and milk of> bovines previously immunized with antigens obtained from Coccidioides> immitis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, or from the viral> agents responsible for avian Newcastle disease, laryngotracheitis> disease or infectious bursal disease. The ability of bovine TF to> transfer specific cell-mediated immune responsiveness to a markedly> xenogenic species was studied using specific pathogen free (SPF) and> standard commercial (SC) chickens as model recipients. Cell-mediated> immune responsiveness was documented using one or more of the following> for each antigen (organism) studied: (a) an in vitro chicken leukocyte> (heterophil) migration inhibition assay; ( delayed-wattle reactivity;> or © protection from clinical disease. Chicken TFs obtained from> spleens of immune donors were evaluated in parallel to bovine TF's in> selected comparative studies. Bovine TF also referred to as specific> immunity inducer (SII), and chicken TF were found to initiate> antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity de novo in previously non-immune> SPF chickens as well as in SC chickens despite the presence of> maternally acquired humoral antibody which may serve as a "barrier" to> immunization of SC chickens when commercially available vaccines are> administered by parenteral routes. Bovine TF's specific for> laryngotracheitis virus or infectious bursal disease virus afforded> protection equal to that found for commercially available vaccines.> Bovine TF's action was rapid (less than a day) and of relatively long> duration at least 35 days.> > PMID: 2897772 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > 8: Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1987 Sep;44(3):329-34.> > Treatment of cryptosporidiosis with oral bovine transfer factor.> > Louie E, Borkowsky W, Klesius PH, Haynes TB, Gordon S, Bonk S,> Lawrence HS.> > Cryptosporidia are intestinal protozoans long known to cause> diarrhea in humans, especially those with acquired immune deficiency> syndrome (AIDS). When transfer factor prepared from calves which> possessed delayed-type hypersensitivity to Eimeria bovis was given to> nonimmune calves and mice it conferred protection against clinical> infection (coccidiosis). Recent studies with oral bovine transfer factor> have shown that it can confer cell-mediated immunity to humans. Based on> these findings we decided to treat eight AIDS patients suffering from> Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhea with transfer factor prepared from> calves immune to Cryptosporidium. Prior to treatment with transfer> factor, three patients had been treated with spiramycin, one patient> with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), and one patient with> furazolidone for greater than 1 month without clinical or laboratory> improvement. Following administration of transfer factor, five or eight> patients exhibited a decrease in the number of bowel movements and the> development of formed stools. Cryptosporidium was eradicated from the> stools of four patients but two of these patients subsequently relapsed> and one patient continued to have diarrhea despite the absence of> Cryptosporidium in the stool. One patient has been free of diarrhea and> Cryptosporidium for 2 years after discontinuation of transfer factor> therapy.> > PMID: 3621678 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]> > > > 9: Cell Immunol. 1986 Jul;100(2):555-62.> > Specific transfer factor protects mice against lethal challenge with> herpes simplex virus.> > Viza D, Vich JM, J, Rosenfeld F, Davies DA.> > Bovine transfer factor (TFd) specific to herpes simplex virus (HSV)1> or to HSV2 was prepared by immunizing calves with the corresponding> virus. The TFd preparations were then injected into Swiss mice in an> attempt to protect them against a subsequent lethal challenge with HSV1> or HSV2 virus. It was thus shown that injection of anti-HSV TFd protects> the mice against the corresponding HSV virus, whereas the injection of a> nonspecific TFd (anti-CMV) fails to protect against a challenge with> HSV1. Furthermore, a dose-response effect was observed, since potent TFd> preparations were ineffective when they were used at one-fifth of the> original concentration. It seems, therefore, that animal models may be> used to assay the potency of TFd preparations specific for herpes> viruses.> > Publication Types: * Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't> PMID: 3019568 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]>