carbon monoxide: Month of Conception and Risk of Autism.

[Guest guest]

Month of Conception and Risk of Autism.

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21543984>

Zerbo O, Iosif AM, Delwiche L, C, Hertz-Picciotto I.

Epidemiology. 2011 May 3.

- - - -

Perhaps (along with maternal vaccinations for influenza) /in-home carbon

monoxide/ is a factor (eg, 1-8), as homes would have windows closed more

often, furnaces running more often.

*

About CO standards and CO monitors*

My CO monitors have been chirping occasionally for weeks. During that

time I've had many conversations with home-heating specialists - who

have devices that can detect and report CO levels as low as 1 ppm. One

day, with a reading of 14 ppm, the technician said I ought be sensing

symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness. (I was).

In-home CO detectors are set to sound after hours of 70 ppm, shorter

times for higher levels. The easily available CO detectors with digital

readouts do so at 30 ppm and above but sound after hours of 70 ppm.

However, the technician said I ought be sensing symptoms in the vicinity

of 14 ppm.

An EPA CO site (here <http://www.epa.gov/iaq/co.html>) offers diverse

guidelines, including concern for 8-hour levels of 55, 35, or 25 ppm (9).

*Questions*

Is the 70 ppm standard for home-detectors an industry-serving fiction?

Is in-home carbon monoxide is factor influencing embryonic development

in an autism direction?

/**/

1-7 via:

" carbon monoxide " [tw] AND embry*[tw] AND (neuron* OR brain OR CNS)

1. Evidence for oxidative stress in the developing cerebellum of the rat

after chronic mild carbon monoxide exposure (0.0025% in air).

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19580685>

IA, Acuna D, Beltran-Parrazal L, IE, Amarnani A, Cortes M,

Edmond J.

BMC Neurosci. 2009 May 27;10:53.

2. Chronic prenatal exposure to carbon monoxide results in a reduction

in tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity and an increase in choline

acetyltransferase-immunoreactivity in the fetal medulla: implications

for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10744060>

Tolcos M, McGregor H, D, Rees S.

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2000 Mar;59(3):218-28.

3. Exposure to prenatal carbon monoxide and postnatal hyperthermia:

short and long-term effects on neurochemicals and neuroglia in the

developing brain. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10739630>

Tolcos M, Mallard C, McGregor H, D, Rees S.

Exp Neurol. 2000 Apr;162(2):235-46.

4. A delayed role for nitric oxide-sensitive guanylate cyclases in a

migratory population of embryonic neurons.

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9851840>

JW, Schwinof KM, Snyder MA, Copenhaver PF.

Dev Biol. 1998 Dec 1;204(1):15-33.

5. Ornithine decarboxylase activity in fetal and newborn rat brain:

responses to hypoxic and carbon monoxide hypoxia.

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8306425>

Packianathan S, Cain CD, Stagg RB, Longo LD.

Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1993 Nov 19;76(1):131-40.

6. Carbon monoxide and brain development.

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3537859>

Fechter LD, Mactutus CF, Storm JE.

Neurotoxicology. 1986 Summer;7(2):463-73.

7. Chronic low level maternal carbon monoxide exposure and fetal growth

and development. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/687711>

Garvey DJ, Longo LD.

Biol Reprod. 1978 Aug;19(1):8-14.

8. Carbon monoxide and the nervous system.

<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12667497>

Raub JA, Benignus VA.

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2002 Dec;26(8):925-40.

9. EPA

http://www.epa.gov/iaq/co.html

[OSHA PEL] The current Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA) permissible exposure limit (PEL) for carbon monoxide is 50 parts

per million (ppm) parts of air (55 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m(3)))

as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) concentration [29 CFR Table Z-1].

[NIOSH REL] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

(NIOSH) has established a recommended exposure limit (REL) for carbon

monoxide of 35 ppm (40 mg/m(3)) as an 8-hour TWA and 200 ppm (229

mg/m(3)) as a ceiling [NIOSH 1992]. The NIOSH limit is based on the risk

of cardiovascular effects.

[ACGIH TLV] The American Conference of Governmental Industrial

Hygienists (ACGIH) has assigned carbon monoxide a threshold limit value

(TLV) of */25 ppm/* (29 mg/m(3)) as a TWA for a normal 8-hour workday

and a 40-hour workweek [ACGIH 1994, p. 15]. The ACGIH limit is based on

the risk of elevated carboxyhemoglobin levels [ACGIH 1991, p. 229].