Neurologic and Psychiatric Manifestations of Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity.

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Neurologic and Psychiatric Manifestations of Celiac Disease and Gluten

Sensitivity. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21877216>

JR, Eaton WW, Cascella NG, Fasano A, DL.

Psychiatr Q. 2011 Aug 30. [Epub ahead of print]

Celiac Disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease dependent on gluten (a

protein present in wheat, rye or barley) that occurs in about 1% of the

population and is generally characterized by gastrointestinal

complaints. More recently the understanding and knowledge of gluten

sensitivity (GS), has emerged as an illness distinct from celiac disease

with an estimated prevalence 6 times that of CD. Gluten sensitive people

do not have villous atrophy or antibodies that are present in celiac

disease, but rather they can test positive for antibodies to gliadin.

Both CD and GS may present with a variety of neurologic and psychiatric

co-morbidities, however, extraintestinal symptoms may be the prime

presentation in those with GS. However, gluten sensitivity remains

undertreated and underrecognized as a contributing factor to psychiatric

and neurologic manifestiations. This review focuses on neurologic and

psychiatric manifestations implicated with gluten sensitivity, reviews

the emergence of gluten sensitivity distinct from celiac disease, and

summarizes the potential mechanisms related to this immune reaction.