prenatal immune challenge

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*1: *J Neurosci. <javascript:

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J Neurosci. 2006 Jul 26;26(30):7777-8.

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The time of prenatal immune challenge determines the specificity

of inflammation-mediated brain and behavioral pathology.

*Meyer U*

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*Nyffeler M*

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*Engler A*

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*Urwyler A*

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*Schedlowski M*

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*Knuesel I*

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*Yee BK*

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*Feldon J*

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Laboratory of Behavioural Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of

Technology Zurich, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.

Disturbance to early brain development is implicated in several

neuropsychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia, and

mental retardation. Epidemiological studies have indicated that the

risk of developing these disorders is enhanced by prenatal maternal

infection, presumably as a result of neurodevelopmental defects

triggered by cytokine-related inflammatory events. Here, we

demonstrate that the effects of maternal immune challenge between

middle and late gestation periods in mice are dissociable in terms

of fetal brain cytokine responses to maternal inflammation and the

pathological consequences in brain and behavior. Specifically, the

relative expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the

fetal brains in response to maternal immune challenge may be an

important determinant among other developmental factors for the

precise pathological profile emerging in later life. Thus, the

middle and late gestation periods correspond to two windows with

differing vulnerability to adult behavioral dysfunction, brain

neuropathology in early adolescence, and of the acute cytokine

responses in the fetal brain.

PMID: 16672647