Vaccination-induced systemic autoimmunity in fish!

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18802084?ordinalpos=2 & itool=EntrezSystem2.PEn\

trez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum

Never mind the humans...

Vaccination- induced systemic autoimmunity in farmed Atlantic salmon.

 

Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian School of

Veterinary Science, Ullevålsveien 72, Oslo, Norway.

Over half of the salmon consumed globally are farm-raised. The introduction of

oil-adjuvanted vaccines into salmon aquaculture made large-scale production

feasible by preventing infections. The vaccines that are given i.p. contain oil

adjuvant such as mineral oil. However, in rodents, a single i.p. injection of

adjuvant hydrocarbon oil induces lupus-like systemic autoimmune syndrome,

characterized by autoantibodies, immune complex glomerulonephritis, and

arthritis. In the present study, whether the farmed salmon that received

oil-adjuvanted vaccine have autoimmune syndrome similar to adjuvant oil-injected

rodents was examined. Sera and tissues were collected from vaccinated or

unvaccinated Atlantic salmon (experimental, seven farms) and wild salmon.

Autoantibodies (immunofluorescence, ELISA, and immunoprecipitation) and IgM

levels (ELISA) in sera were measured. Kidneys and livers were examined for

pathology. Autoantibodies were common in vaccinated fish

vs unvaccinated controls and they reacted with salmon cells/Ags in addition to

their reactivity with mammalian Ags. Diffuse nuclear/cytoplasmic staining was

common in immunofluorescence but some had more specific patterns. Serum total

IgM levels were also increased in vaccinated fish; however, the fold increase of

autoantibodies was much more than that of total IgM. Sera from vaccinated fish

immunoprecipitated ferritin and approximately 50% also reacted with other unique

proteins. Thrombosis and granulomatous inflammation in liver, and immune-complex

glomerulonephritis were common in vaccinated fish. Autoimmunity similar to the

mouse model of adjuvant oil-induced lupus is common in vaccinated farmed

Atlantic salmon. This may have a significant impact on production loss, disease

of previously unknown etiology, and future strategies of vaccines and salmon

farming.

PMID: 18802084 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

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