Mutations induced by commercial products: Genotoxicity of acrylamide - antioxidants protective

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A miscellany from google search for acrylamide, then an abstract from a

peer-reviewed journal.

" ...some dietary antioxidants can be considered as protective agents

against genotoxic action of acrylamide. "

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Acrylamide is a chemical formed when frying, roasting, grilling or

baking carbohydrate-rich foods at temperatures above 120°C. Acrylamide

is thus found in a ...

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080111231742.htm

Sample data on acrylamide content of various foods.

http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/acrydata.html

The greatest use of acrylamide is as a coagulant aid in drinking water

treatment. ... Since acrylamide is used in drinking water treatment

processes, ...

http://www.epa.gov/OGWDW/contaminants/dw_contamfs/acrylami.html

Acrylamide is used to make polyacrylamide, which is used, for example,

in some cosmetics and in some food packaging materials (e.g., paperboard

and ...

http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/acryfaq.html

EPA 749-F-94-005a CHEMICAL SUMMARY FOR ACRYLAMIDE prepared by OFFICE OF

POLLUTION PREVENTION AND TOXICS U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

September 1994 ...

http://www.epa.gov/chemfact/s_acryla.txt

Acrylamide is a cancer-causing chemical found in many American products.

http://www.angelfire.com/az/sthurston/acrylamides_cancer_causing.html

Acrylamide is a suspected human carcinogen, severe neurotoxin, and

causes irritation of the eyes, skin (is readily absorbed), and

respiratory tract. ...

http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/A1550.htm

Acrylamide in Foods - National Cancer Institute

Acrylamide is a chemical compound that occurs as a solid crystal or in

liquid solution. Its primary use is to make polyacrylamide and

acrylamide copolymers.

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/acrylamideinfoods

Researchers around the world are working to learn more about acrylamide,

a potential cancer-causing agent that has been discovered in cooked food.

http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2003/103_food.html

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Chem Biol Interact. 2004 Oct 15;149(2-3):137-49.

*Genotoxicity of acrylamide in human lymphocytes*.

Blasiak J, Gloc E, Wozniak K, Czechowska A.

Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16,

90-237 Lodz, Poland. januszb@...

Acrylamide is used in the industry and can be a by-product in a

high-temperature food processing. It is reported to interact with DNA,

but the mechanism of this interaction is not fully understood. In the

present study, we investigated the DNA-damaging potential of acrylamide

(ACM) in normal human lymphocytes using the alkaline-, neutral- and 12.1

versions of the comet assay and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. We

also investigated effect of acrylamide on caspase-3 activity as well as

its influence on the repair process of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA

damage. Acrylamide at 0.5-50 microM induced mainly alkali-labile sites.

This damage was repaired during a 60-min repair incubation.

Post-treatment of the damaged DNA with repair enzymes: thymine glycol

DNA N-glycosylase (Nth) and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg),

recognizing oxidized DNA bases, as well as 3-methyladenine-DNA

glycosylase II (Alk A), recognizing alkylated bases, caused an increase

in the extent of DNA damage, indicating the induction of oxidative and

alkylative DNA base modifications by acrylamide. Pre-treatment of the

lymphocytes with N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN), a spin trap, as

well as vitamins C and E decreased the DNA-damaging effect of

acrylamide, which suggest that free radicals/reactive oxygen species may

be involved in this effect. Acrylamide impaired the repair of DNA

damaged by hydrogen peroxide and increased the activity of caspase-3,

which may indicate its potential to induce apoptosis. Our results

suggest that acrylamide may exert a wide spectrum of diverse effects on

DNA of normal cells, including mostly DNA base modifications and

apoptosis. Acrylamide may also impair DNA repair. Free radicals may

underline these effects and some dietary antioxidants can be considered

as protective agents against genotoxic action of acrylamide. As normal

lymphocytes contain cyp2e1 and P450, engaged in the bioactivation of ACM

to glicidamide it is uncertain whether acrylamide causes all of measured

effect per se or this is the result of the action of its metabolites.

Publication Types:

* Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

PMID: 15501435