Viral evasion and subversion of pattern-recognition receptor signalling: Toll

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Nature Reviews Immunology 8, 911-922 (December 2008) | doi:10.1038/nri2436

Viral evasion and subversion of pattern-recognition receptor signalling

G. Bowie^1

<http://www.nature.com/nri/journal/v8/n12/abs/nri2436.html#a1> & Leonie

Unterholzner^1

<http://www.nature.com/nri/journal/v8/n12/abs/nri2436.html#a1>

http://www.nature.com/nri/journal/v8/n12/abs/nri2436.html

http://www.nature.com/nri/journal/v8/n12/pdf/nri2436.pdf

<http://www.nature.com/nri/journal/v8/n12/abs/nri2436.html#top>

Abstract

The expression of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) by immune and

tissue cells provides the host with the ability to detect and respond to

infection by viruses and other microorganisms. Significant progress has

been made from studying this area, including the identification of PRRs,

such as Toll-like receptors and RIG-I-like receptors, and the

description of the molecular basis of their signalling pathways, which

lead to the production of interferons and other cytokines. In parallel,

common mechanisms used by viruses to evade PRR-mediated responses or to

actively subvert these pathways for their own benefit are emerging.

Accumulating evidence on how viral infection and PRR signalling pathways

intersect is providing further insights into the function of the

pathways involved, their constituent proteins and ways in which they

could be manipulated therapeutically.