Fw: Silicone City -- List of Chemicals in Implants

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Sent: Saturday, December 28, 2002 11:30 AM

Subject: "Silicone City" -- List of Chemicals in Implants

Subject: Chemicals List

CHEMICAL PROFILE for BREAST IMPLANTS

1. Methyl Ethyl Ketone

2. Cyclohexanone

3. Isopropyl alcohol

4. Denatured Alcohol

5. Acetone

6. Urethane

7. Polyvinyl Chloride (Liquid vinyl) This ingredient was used in all medical devices made at Lab, from tubing to gel.

8. Lacquer Thinner

9. Ethyl Acetate

10. Epoxy Resin

11. Epoxy Hardener - both 10 & 11 are chemically known as glycosides Ether

of Bisphenol A.

12. Amine

13. Printing Ink

14. Toluene

15. Dichloromethan (Methylene Chloride) This breaks down in the body so blood cannot carry oxygen: Metabolizes carbon monoxide poisoning. Causes CSN depression.

16. Freon

17. Silicone

18. Flux

19. Solder

20. Metal cleaning Acid

21. Lofol (Formaldehyde)

22. Talcum Powder

23. Color Pigments as Release Agents

24. Oakite (Cleaning Solvent)

25. Eastman 910 glue (Cyanoacyrylates)

26. Ethylene Oxide (ETO)

27. Carbon Black

28. Xylene

29. Hexone

30. Hexanone2

31. Thixon-OSN-2

32. Antioxidant (Rubber)

33. Acid stearic

34. Zinc Oxide

35. Naptha (Rubber Solvent)

36. Phenol

37. Benzene - Known Carcinogen!!!!!

KNOWN TO CAUSE IMMUNE DISEASE!!!!!!

Abbreviations:

ACGIH -American Conference of Governmental

Industrial Hygienists

ATSDR -Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease

Registry

CDC -Center for Disease Control

IDLH -Immediately dangerous to life and

health. Unless otherwise noted NIOSH

IDLH data is used.

EPA -Environmental Protection Agency

LOAEL -Lowest observable adverse effects level

MG/M3 -Milligrams per cubic meter

MRL -Minimal risk level (non-cancer)

NAS -National Academy of Science

NE -No evidence could be found for the existence of an IDLH

NIOSH -National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NOAEL -No observable adverse effects level

NRC -National Research Council

OSHA -Occupational Safety and Health Administration

OTS -Office of Toxic Substances

PEL -Permissible exposure level

PP/S -Personal protective equipment and/or sanitary measures required

for PEL exposure

PPB -Part (s) per billion

PPM -Part (s) per million

REL -Recommended exposure level

TLV -Threshold Value Limits

TN -Trade Name

UG/KG -Microgram per kilogram

UG/DL -Microgram per deciliter

Unknown -Lack of data

Notice: This material may be protected

by copyright law (title 17 U.S.code)

No information on numbers 11, 12, 18, 22, 24, 25, 25, 30, 31, and 33

1. 2-BUTANONE: TN/synonyms: Ethyl ketone. MEK, Methyl acetone, Methyl ethyl ketone.

OSHAP PEL: 200 ppm - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

590 mg/m3 - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk-PP/S

300 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

885 mg/m3 - exposure not to exceed 15 min

ATSDR MRL: 0.1 ppm - Ihalation, less than 15 days

IDLH: 3,000 ppm

symptoms: Eye, nasal, throat, and upper respiratory ittitation; Headaches;

Weakness; Lightheadedness; Dizziness; Vomiting; Numbness of extremities;

Muscle weakness; Nausea; Loss of coordination; Respiratory system effects;

Temporary blindness;

Fatigue; Nerve inflammation behind the eyes. Suspected of causing

Developmental effects.

End-point Targets: Central nervous system, Lungs.

Potentiation: In combination with other solvents it becomes a very

hazardous neurotoxin.

Synergiatic effect; Off-gasses formaldehyde when burned

Note: Research suggests that humans are more sensitive than other species

tested.

Classification: Organic solvent (Ketone compound).

2. CYCLOHEXANONE;

TN/synonms: Cyclohexyl ketone, Pimelic ketone.

PSHA PEL: 25 ppm - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

100mg/m3 - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

IDLH: 5,000 ppm

Symptoms; Eye and mucus membrane irritation, Headaches, Unconsciousness due

to narcotic effects. Coma, Dermatitis

Suspected of causing Birth defects; Reproductive effects; Developmental

effects;

Neonatal lethality; Tearing; Weight loss; Lethargy; Unexpanded fetal lungs

at birth;

Pulmonary damage, edema, and hemorraging; Intestinal congestion

Incoordination; Tremors; Hypothermia.

End-point Targets; Respiratory system, Eyes, Skin, Central nervous system

Classification; Organic solvent (Ketone compound).

Note: Neurotoxin.

3. ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL:

TN/Synonyms: IBA, Isobutanal, Isopropylcarbinol, 2-Methyl-1-propanol.

OSHA PEL: 50 ppm - 8hr/day040hr/wk - PP/S

150 mg/m3 - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

IDLH: 8,000 ppm

Symptoms; Eye, nasal, throat, and skin irritation; Cardiac arrhythmias and

failure;

Central nervous system depression; Chemical sensitivity; Coma: confusion;

Cough;

Cracking skin; Death; Delirium; Dermatitis; Diarrhea; Drowsiness;

Gastrointestinal

hemorrhages; Giddiness; Glucose in urine; Headaches; Impaired performance;

Incoordination; Kidney damage; Labored or difficulty breathing; Liver

damage;

Muscle weakness; Nausea; Pulmonary edema; Respiratory failure; Vertigo;

Vomiting.

Suspected of causing Cancer.

End-point Targets; Eyes, Skin, Respiratory system.

4. ALCOHOLS, DENATURED

Acetaldehyde; n-Butyl alcohol; sec-Butyl alcohol; Crotonaldehyde;

Ethanol; n-Hexane; Pyridine; 1,1,2,2,-Tetrachloroethane; and Zinc chloride.

5. ACETONE: TN/synonyms: Dimethyl ketone, Ketone propane, Propanone, 2-Propanone,

beta-

Ketopropane, Methyl ketone.

NIOSH REL: 250 ppm - 10hr/day-40hr/wk

590 mg/m3 - 10hr/day-40hr/wk

OSHA PEL: 750 - 8hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

1,800 mg/m3 - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

1,000 ppm - not to exceed 15 min

2,400 mg/m3 - not to exceed 15 min

IDLH 1,000 ppm

Symptoms; Eye, nasal, and throat irritation; Belligerence; Blood poisoning;

Alcoholic psychosis; Boastfulness; Bronchitis; Circulatory failure; Cold,

pale skin; Coma; Collapse; Conjunctivitis; Convulsions; Death; Defatting

dermatitis; Dilated pupils; Dizziness; Double vision; Drowsiness; Emotional

liability; Exhilaration; Flushed face; Gastritis; Gastroduodenitis;

Headaches; Hearing loss; Heart rate over 100 beats per minute; Hypothermia;

Impaired or absent tendon reflexes; Incontinence; Incoordination; Increased

susceptibility to infection; Inflammation of airway, stomach, and duodenum;

Liver injury; Loss of sensation; Low blood pressure; Nausea; Peripheral

vascular collapse; Pharyngitis; Pneumonia; Profuse sweating; Rapid pulse;

Remorse; Renal lesions; Respiratory failure; Restlessness; Sensory

disturbances; Shock; Slowed reaction time; Slurred speech; Stupor;

Talkativeness; Vertigo' Vomiting blood; Vomiting; Weakness.

Suspected of causing Adverse spermatoginic effects, Low birth weight,

Neonate lethality

End-point Target: Respiratory system, Eyes, Skin.

Classification; Organic solvent (Ketone compound), Polar volatile organic

compounds.

Note: Found in the blood and urine in diabetes and other metabolic

disorders.

Neurotoxin.

6. URETHANE:

Aniline, Ethylenediamine, N-Ethylmorpholine, Hydrazine, and Methylene

chloride.

7.VINYL CHLORIDE;

TN/synonyms: Chloroethene, Chloroethylene, Ethylene monochloride,

Monochlorethylene, VC, Vinyl chloride monomer, VCM, 1-Chloroethylene.

NIOSH: Carcinogen at any exposure level. Reduce exposure to lowest reliably

detectable concentration.

OSHA PEL: 1 ppm - 8hr/day-40hr/wk

5ppm - Ceiling limit, 15 min exposure

ATSDR MRL: 0.006 ppm - Inhalation, more than 14 days

ACGIH: Confirmed human carcinogen.

IDLH: NIOSH - Carcinogen

Symptoms: Pulmonary and kidney irritation; Abdominal pains; Abnormal chest

x-rays; Abnormal decrease in blood platelets; Acroosteolysis (dissolution

of the finger tips); Autoimmune responses similar to sclerosis; Benign

uterine growths; Binds to IgG protein; Blockage of blood vessels; Cancer

(central nervous system, respiratory tract, lymphatic and blood); Cyanosis

of extremities; Death; Decreased libido; Decreased respiratory function;

Discomfort upon exposure to dold; Dizziness; Drowsiness; Emphysema;

Euphoria; Gastrointestinal bleeding; Headaches; Impotency; Inhibits blood

clotting; Joint and muscle pain; Liver damage and enlargement; Loss of

consciousness; Menstrual disturbances; Nausea; Numbness; Ovarian

dysfunction, Pallor; Peripheral neurophthy; Pregnant toxemia, Prolapsed

genital organs; Pulmonary fibrosis; Raynaud's phenomenon symptoms (aka

Vinyl chloride disease); Scleroderma-like skin changes; Systemic sclerosis;

Scleroderma; Spontanious abortions Stiff hands; Thickening of blood vessel

walls and skin; Weakness; Autoimmune disease. Suspected of causing Birth

defects, Testicular damage. End-point Targets: Liver, Central nervous

system, Blood Lymphatic system. Additives/Contaminants: Stabilized with

inhibitors such as phenol.

Note; Occupational exposure of males has been associated with increased

rates of spontaneous abortions in their spouses. Neurotoxin.

8. LACQUER THINNERS

sec-Butyl acetate, Cumene, and Isobutyl acetate.

9. ETHYL ACETATE:

TN/synonyms: Acetic ester, Acetic ether, Ethyl ester of acetic acid,

Ethyl ethanoate.

OSHA PEL: 400 ppm - 8hr/day-40her/wk - PP/S

1,400 mg/m3 - 8hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

IDLH: 10,000ppm

Symptoms: Eye, nasal, throat, and respiratory irritation; Belligerence;

Boastfulness; Cold, painful skin; Coma; Convulsions; Corneal abnormalities;

Death; Dermatitis; Dilated pupils; Double vision; Drowsiness; Emotional

instability; Exhilaration; Flushed face; Gastritis; Headaches; Heart rate

over 100 beats per minute; Hypoglycemia; Hypothermaia; Impaired motor

skills; Impaaired or absent tendon reflexes; Incontinence; Incoordination;

Low blood pressure; Lung, liver, kidney, and heart damage; Nausea; Partial

or complete loss of sensation; Peripheral vascular reaction time; Slowed

respiration; Slurred speech; Stupor; Talkativeness; Unconsciousness due to

narcotic effects; Vertigo; Vomiting; Weakness. Suspected of causing Central

nervous system depression, Death.

End-point Targets: eyes, skin, Respiratory system.

Classificaton; Polar volatile organic compounds.

Note: neurotoxin.

10. EPOXY RESINS:

Diglycidyl ether, Phthalic anhydride, Triethylamine, and Trimellitic

anhydride.

13. PRINTING INKS:

Acetone; Aniline; Benzidine; 2-Butanone; alpha-Chloroacetophenone;

Cyclohexanone; diisobutyl ketone; Dimethylformamide; Ethyl acetate; Ethyl

butyl ketone; Ethylene glycol; n-Heptane; Isoamyl acetate; Isopropyl

acetate; Methyl n-amyl ketone; Methyl cellosolve; 5-Methyl-3-heptanone;

2-Nitropropane; 2-Pentanone; n-diisocyanate; 1/1/1/-Trichloroethane;

Triethylamine; and Trimellitic anhydride.

14. TOLUENE:

TN/synonyms: Methyl benzene, Methyl benzol, Phenyl methane, Toluol.

OSHA PEL: 100 ppm - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

375 mg/m3 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

150 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

560 mg/m3 exposure not to exceed 15 min

ATSDR MRL: 4 ppm - Inhalation, less than 15 days

1 ppm - Inhalation, more than 14 days

IDLH: 2,000 ppm

Symptoms Eye, skin, and respiratory irritation; Abdominal pain; Anemia:

Birth defects; Central nervous system dysfunction and depression: Coma:

Confusion: Death: Delerium: Dermatitis: Dilated pupils: Dizziness:

Drowsiness: Dry skin: Emotional instability; Enlarged liver; Euphoria;

Fatigue: Fetal anomalies and developmental delay: Fetal central nervous

system dysfunction; Hallucinations: Headaches: impaired reaction time,

perception, and motor control; Incoordination: Insomnia; Liver desorders

and injury; Mild to severe toxic brain dysfunction; Muscle fatigue; Nausea;

Nervousness; Neurobehavioral changes; Numbness, tingling, or prickling

sensation; Organic affective syndrome; Psychosis; Tearing, Vertigo; Vision

disturbances; Vomiting; Weakness.

Suspected of causing Blurred vision, Involuntary eye movement, Tremors,

Staggering gait, Abnormal electroencephalogram.

End-point Targets: Central nervous system, Liver, Skin.

Classification: Organic solvent, Polar volatile organic compounds.

Note: Historically established as a neurotoxin.

15. METHYLENE CHLORIDE:

TN/synonyms: Dichloromethane, Methylene dichloride, Narkotil 9tn),

Salaesthin (tn), Solmethine (tn).

NIOSH: Carcinogen at any exposure level. Reduce exposure to lowest possible

level

OSHA PEL: 500 ppm - 8hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

1000 ppm - ceiling limit

2000 ppm - 5 min max peak in any 2 hrs

ACGIH: Suspected human carcinogen.

ACGIH TLV: 50 ppm - 8hr/day-40hr/wk

175 mg/m3 - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk

ATSDR MRL: 1.0 ppm - Inhalation, less than 15 days.

0.4 ppm - Inhalation, more than 14 days.

IDLH: 5,000ppm

Symptoms: Eye, nasal, throat, skin irritation; Fatigue; Weakness;

Sleepiness; Lightheadedness; Dizziness: Reduced coordination; Limbs numb

and/or tingling; Nausea; Death; Loss of consciousness; Liver and kidney

damage; Increase in serum bilirubin; Partial or complete loss of sensation;

Decrease in psychomotor skills and behavioral performance. Suspected of

causing Cancer (lung), Low birth weight, Low sperm count, DNA damage,

Genetic mutations, Chromosomal aberrations, Brain damage.

End-point Targets; Skin, Cardiovascular system, Central nervous system.

Note: Does not easily burn.

Classification; Halogenated organic compountd, Polar volatile organic

compounds.

Note: neurotoxin

16. FREON:

Carbon tetrachloride, Dichlorodifluoromethane,

Dichloromonofluoromethane, Dichloromonofluoromethane,

Dichlorotetrafluoroethane, Fluorotrichloromethane, Methyl chloride, and

Trifluorobromomethane.

17. SILICONE

Chlorobenzene; Cresols; Isophorone; Methyl chloride; Stibine;

Tetrachloroethylene; Tin; 1,1,1,-Trichloroethane.

19. SOLDERING MATERIALS;

Antimony, Arsine, Cadmium, Hydrazine, Lead, Silver, Tin, Triethylamine,

and Zinc chloride.

20. METAL CLEANERS:

2-Butoxyethanol; Cyanides; Diacetone alcohol; Ethylene dichloride;

Ethylene glycol; Hydrogen peroxide; Manganese; Methylene chloride; Naphtha;

Oxalic acid; Petroleum distillates; Silver; 1,1,2,2,0Tetrachloroethane; and

Tetrachloroethylene

21. FORMALDEHYDE: TN/sysnonyms: Quaternium - 15, Methanal, Methyl aldehyde, Methylene oxide,

Formalin, Formaic aldehyde, Formalith, Formol, Fyde, BVF, Morbicid,

Oxymethylene; Oxomethane, Lysoform, Lofol, superlysoform, Fannoform,

Ivalon.

NIOSH: Carcinogen at any exposure level

NIOSH REL: 0.016 ppm - 10hr/day-40hr/wk

0.100 ppm - ceiling limit not to exceed 15 min

OSHA PEL: 1.000 ppm - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

2.000 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

0.500 ppm - requires medical surveillance

NAS: There is no population threshol for irritation effects.

NRC: Fewer than 20% but perhaps more than 10% of the general population

may be suspectible to formaldehyde and may react acutely at any exposure

level.

ACGIH: Suspected human carcinogen.

IDLH: 30 ppm

Symptoms; Eye, nasal, throat, and pulmonary irritation; Acidosis; Acute

sense of smell; Alters tissue proteins; Anemia; Antibodies formation;

Apathy: Blindness; Blood in urine; Blurred vision; Body aches; Bronchial

spasms; Bronchitis; Burns nasal and throat; Cardiac impairment,

palpitations and arrhythmias; Central nervous system depression; Changes in

higher cognitive functions; Chemical sensitivity; Chest pains and

tightness; Chronic vaginitis; Colds; Coma; Conjunctivitis; Constipation;

Convulsions; Corneal erosion; cough; Death; Destruction of red blood cells;

Depression; Dermatitis; Diarrhea; Difficulty concentrating; Disorientation;

Dizziness; DNA damage; Drowsiness Ear aches; Eczema; Emotional upsets;

Ethmoid polypos; Fatigue; Fecal bleeding; Fetal asphyxiation; Flu-like or

cold-like illness; Frequent urination with pain; Gastritis;

Gastrointestinal inflammation; Headaches; Hemolytic anemia; Hemolytic

hematuria; Hoarseness; Hyperactive airway disease; Hyperactivity;

Hypomenstrual syndrome; Immune system sensitizer; Impaired (shsort)

attention span; Impaired capacity to attain attention; Inability or

difficulty swallowing; Inability to recall words and nae=mes; Intestinal

pain; Intrinsic asthma; Irritaability; Jaundice; Joint pains,m aches, and

swelling; Kidney pain; Larynbgeal spasm: Loss of memory; Loss of sense

smell; Loss of taste: Malaise; Menstrual and testicular pain; Menstrual

irregularities; Metallic taste; Muscle spasms and cramps: Nasal congestion,

crusting, and mucosa inflammation; Nausea; Nosebleeds; Numbness and

tingling of the forearms and finger tips: Pale, clammy skin: Partial

laryngeal paralysis: Pneumonia: Post nasal drip: Pulmonary edema; Reduced

body temperature: Retarded speech pattern: Ringing or tingling in the ear: Schizophrenic-type symptoms; Sensitivity to sound; Shock; Short term memory loss; Shortness of breath: Skin lesions; Sneezing; Sore throat: Spacey feeling; Speaking difficulty: Sterility: Swollen glands; Tearing: thirst: Tracheitis: Tracheobronchitis: Vertigo: Vomiting blood: Vomiting: Wheezing. Suspected of causing Cancer, Genetic mutations, Chromosomal damage.

End-point Targets: Respiratory system, Eyes, Skin, Central nervous system,

Liver, Kidneys, Gastrointestinal tract, Cardiovascular system. Metabolized

as Formic acid.

Note: Will cross sensitize to formic acid. Comparison of ciliostatic

effects showed formaldehyde to be the most toxic of the aldehydes. EPA

estimates that 15 people in 1 million will get cancer from lifetime

exposure of 1 ppb. Neurotoxin.

23. PIGMENTS

Aniline, Antimony trioxide, Arsenic, barium, Benzidine, Cadmium, Carbon

monoxide, Chromium, Cobalt, Cyanides, Diacetone alcohol, Dibutylphthalate,

Dimethylformamide, Ethyl acrylate, Lead, Mercury, Methyl cellosolve,

Molybdenum, Nickel, p-Nitroaniline, Nitrophenols, Oxalic acid, Phthalic

anhydride, Selenium, Tellurium Titanium dioxide, Tributyl phosphate,

Trimellitic anhydride, Vanadium pentoxide, and Zinc oxide.

26. ETHYLENE OXIDE: TN?synonyms: Dimethylene oxide; 1,2-Epoxy ethane: Oxirane:

Dihydro-oxirene; Epoxyethane; Ethene oxide; ETP Anprolene (tn)/ Oxyfune

(tn); T-Gas (tn).

NIOSH: Carcinogen at any exposure level.

NIOSH REL:< 0.1ppm - 10hr/day-40hr/wk

0.18 mg/m3 - 10hr/day-40hr/wk

5 ppm - cdeiling limit

9 mg/m3 - 15 min/day

OSHA PEL: 1 ppm - 8hr/day-40hr/wk

5ppm - 15-min Excursion

ACGIH: Suspected human carcinogen.

ATSDR MRL: 0.09 ppm - Inhalation, more than 14 days

IDLH: 800 ppm

Symptoms: Eye, nasal and throat irritation; Bronchitis; Burns skin and

eyes; Cancer (Leukemia, stomach, pancreatic): Cataracts: Chromosomal

aberrations; Cornieal burns; Cyanosis; Decreased sperm coundt; Diarrhea;

Electrcardiogram abnormalities; Emphysema; Frostbite; Headaches; Hodgkin's

disease; Impaired hand/eye coordination; Labored or difficulty breathing;

Memory loss; Nausea; Neuropathy; Numbness, tingling, or prickling

sensation; Peculiar taste; Peripheral neurophathy: Pulmonary edema;

Spontaneous abortion; Vomiting. Suspected of causing Nasal mucosa

inflammation, Epithelial tissue death, Respiratory lesions, Low birth

weight, Neonate lethality, Birth defects, Testicular degeneration,

Convulsions, Liver and kidney damage.

End-point targets: Respiratory system, Central nervous system.

27. CARBON BLACK

TN?sysonyms: Acetylene black, Channel black, Furnace black, Lamp black,

Thermal black.

NIOSH: Carcinogen AT ANY EXPOSURE LEVEL.

OSHA PEL: 3.5 mg/m3 - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk

Symptoms Unknown

Target organ: Unknown

Note: Present in Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

28. XYLENES:

TN/synonyms: Dimethylbenzene, Eyolol, Methyl toluene, violet 3 (tn).

Isomers:

m-Xylene - 1,2-Dimethylbenezene; 1,3-Xylene; m-Dimethylbenzene:

m-Xyolol: m-Methyltoluene; meta-Xylene.

o-Xylene - 1,2-Dimethylbenezene: 1,2-Xylene; o-Dimethylbenzene;

o-Xyolol; o-Methyltoluene; ortho-Xylene.

p-Xylene - 1,4-"Dimethylbenezene: 1,4-Xylene; p-Dimethylbenzene;

p-Xyolol; p-Methyltoluene: para-Xylene; Scintillar (tn)

ASHA PEL: 100 ppm - 8 hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

435 mg/m3 8hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

150 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

655 mg/m3 exposure not to exceed 15 min

IDLH: 1,000 ppm

Symptoms: Eye nasal, throat, and respiratory irritation; Abdominal pain;

Abnormal electrocardiograms; Amnesia; Brain hemorrhage; Cardiac

palpitations; confusion; Corneal vacuolization; Death; Dermatitis;

Dizziness; Drowsiness; Epileptic convulsions; Excitement; Fatigue; Gastric

discomfort; Headaches; Impaired ability to work with numbers, balance,

pulmonary function, and reaction times; Labored breathing; Lightheadedness;

Liver and kidney damage; Loss of appetite and patience; Nausea; Pulmonary

congestion, hemorrhaging, edema and damage; Reduced coordination;

Respiratory failure; Short-term memory loss; Staggering gait; Tremors;

Unconsciousness due to narcotic effects; Ventricular fibrillation; Vomiting

Suspected of causing Birth defects: Spontaneous abortions; Cerebral

dysfunction; Blurred vision; Involuntary eye movement

End-point Targets: Central nervous system, Eyes, blood, Skin,

gastrointestinal tract, Liver, Kidneys.

Mixed Xylenes usually contain the three forms of xylenes and 6% to 15%

ethylbenzene.

Classification: Organic solvent, Polar volatile organic compounds.

Note: Neurotoxin.

29. Hexone:

TN/synonyms: Isobutyl Methyl ketone, Methyl isobutyl ketone, 4-Methyl

2-pentanone,

MIBK

OSHA PEL: 50 ppm - 8hr/day-40herwk - PP/S

205 mg/m3 - 8hr/day-40hr/wk - PP/S

75 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

300 mg/m3 - exposure not to exceed 15 min

IDLH: 3,000 ppm

Symptoms: Eye, nasal, throat and mucus membrane irritation; Headaches;

Nausea; Vomiting; Loss of appetite; Diarrhea; Drowsiness: Dizziness: Loss

of balance; Weakness: Stomach pain; Sore throat; Fatigue; Insomnia:

intestinal pain: Enlarged liver; Colitis; Unconsciousness due to narcotic

effects; Coma; Dermatitis: Central nervous system depression,

Lightheadedness; Incoordination; somnolence; Heartburn; Central nervous

system impairment.

End-point Targets: Respiratory system, Eyes, Skin, Central nervous system.

Note: Occupational tolerance seems to develop during the work week but is

lost over the weekend. some adverse effects have been noted below ASHA PEL.

Classification: Organic solvent (Ketone compound).

32. RUBBER

Acetic acid; Acetone; Acetonitrile; Acrylonitrile; Aluminum; Ammonia;

sec-Amyl acetate; Aniline; Antimony trioxide; Asbestos; Barium; Benzene;

Benzyl chloride; 1,3-Butadiene; n-Butyl alcohol; Butylamine; Calcium oxide;

Camphor; Carbon disulfide; Chlorinated diphenyl; Chlorobenzene; Chloroform;

beta-Chloroprene; Chromium; Crotonaldehyde; Decaborane; Dibornane;

o-Dichlorobenzene; 1,2-Dichloroethylene; Diethylamine; Diglycidyl ether;

Dimethylamine Dimethylphthalate; Ethanolamine; Ethylene dichloride;

N-Ethylmorpholine; Formaldehyde; Furfural; Hexachloroethane; Hydroquinone;

Isopropylamine; Magnesium oxide; Mesityl oxide; Mica; Molybdenum;

Morpholine; p-Nitrochlorobenzene; Nitrophenols; n-Nitrosodimethylamine;

Oxalic acid; Paraldehyde; p-Phenylene diamine; Phthalic anhydride;

Polychlorinated biphenyls; Propylene dichloride; Propylene imine; Pyridine;

Quinone; Selenium; Styrene; Sulfur monochloride; Tellurium;

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane; Tetrahydrofuran; Titanium dioxide; o-Toluidine;

Toluene; 1,1,2-Trichloroethane; Triethylamine; Vanadium

pentoxide; Xylenes' Zinc chloride; and Zinc oxide.

34. ZINC OXIDE:

OSHA PEL: 5mg/m3 - 8hr/day - 40hr/wk

10mg/m3 - exposure not to exceed 15 min

IDLH: NE

Symptoms: Sweet or metallic taste, Dry throat, Cough, Chills, Fever, Tight

chest, Labored or difficult breathing, Rales, Reduced pulmonary function,

Blurred vision, Muscle cramps and pain, Lower back pain, Nausea, Vomiting,

Fatigue, Lassitude, Malaise, Metal fume fever, Dermatitis, Boils,

Conjunctivitis, Gastrointestinal disturbances, Pneumonia, Increase in

leukocytes in the blood, Liver dysfunction, Gastrointestinal inflammation,

Yawning, Weakness, Body aches, Headaches.

End-point Targets: Respiratory system, Skin.

Note: In one report, symptoms didn't appear until after 6 months of

occupational exposure.

35. NAPTHA:

TN/synonyms: Crude solvent coal tar naptha, High solvent naptha.

OSHA PEL: 100 ppm - 8hr/day - 40hr/wk - PP/S

400 mg/m3 - 8hr/day - 40hr/wk - PP/S

IDLH: 10,000 ppm

Symptoms: Eye, nasal, throat, and skin irritation; Lightheadedness;

Headaches; Loss of appetite; Dizziness; Indigestion; Nausea; Insomnia

End-point Targets: Respiratory system, Eyes, Skin

Component: Cumene

Classification: Organic solvent (Refined Petroleum)

36. PHENOL

TN/synonyms: Carbolic acid, Hydroxybenzene, Monohydroxy benzene, Phenyl

alcohol, Phenyl hydroxide.

NIOSH REL: 5 ppm - 10her/day - 40hr/wk

19 mg/m3 - 10hr/day - 40hr/wk

15.6ppm - ceiling limit, 15 min exposure

60 mg/m3 - ceiling limit, 15 min exposure

OSHA PEL: 5 ppm - 8hr/day - 40hr/wk - PP/S

19 mg/m3 8hr/day - 40hr/wk - PP/S

HSDB TOXS; Some individuals may be hypersensitive with lethality or serious

effects at very low exposures

IDLH: 250 ppm

Symptoms: Eye, nasal and throat irritation; Abdominal pain; Cardiac

arrhythmias and failure; Cardiovascular collapse; Chemical odor on breath;

Chromosomal aberrations and damage; Cold sweats: Collapse: Coma: Confusion:

Convulsions; Cyanosis; Dark pigmentation of the ligaments, cartilage, and

fibrous tissue; Dark urine; Dermatitis; Diarrhea; Difficulty swallowing;

Dizziness; Excessive bilirubin in blood; Excitement; Fainting; Frothing at

nose and mouth; Genetic mutations; Granules in red blood cells; Headaches;

Hemoglobin oxidizes to ferric form; Hemolytic anemia; Hypothermia; Liver,

kidney, and heart damage; Loss of appetite; Low blood pressure Muscle

aches, pain, and twitching; Nausea; Pallor; Profuse sweating; Pulmonaary

edema; Renal infufficiency; Ringing or tingling in the ear; Shallow

respiration; Shock; Skin burnns; Spontaneous abortions; Tremors;

Unconsciousness; Vomiting: Weak, irregular pulse; Weakness; Weight loss.

End-point Targets: Liver, Kidneys, Skin

Derivative of Benzene.

Note: historically established as a neurotoxin.

37. BENZENE

TN/synonyms: Benzol, Benzole, Annulene, Benzeen Phenyl hydride, Coal

naptha, Cyclohexatriene, Fenzen, Phene, Pyrobenzol, Pyrobenzole, Polystream

(tn) Benzol 90 (tn).

NIOSH: Carcinogen at any exposure level.

NIOSH REL: 0/1 ppm - 10hr/day-40hr/wk

1 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

OSHA PEL: 1 ppm - 8hr/day - 40hr/wk - PP?S

5 ppm - exposure not to exceed 15 min

ACGIH: Suspected human carcinogen.

ATSDR MRL: .001 ppm - inhalation, less than 15 days.

IDLH: 3,000 ppm

Symptoms; Eye, nasal, and respiratory system irritation; Eye, skin, DNA,

immune system, and chromosomal damage; Abnormal decrease in white blood

cells; Anemia; Antibody formation, Aplastic anemia: Asphyxia; Blood

diseases; Blurred vision; Bone marrow depression, Bronchitis; Cancer

(leukemia); Cardiac collapse; Central nervous system depression; Cerebral

swelling; Congestive gastritis; Convulsions; Death; Decreased antibodies,

leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets; Decreased coordination; Delirium;

Dermatitis; Dizziness; Drowsiness; Effects brain catecholamines; Euphoria;

Fatigue; Gastritis; Giddiness; Granular tracheitis; Headaches; Impaired

judgement; Kidney congestion; Laryngitis; Lassitude: Leukocyte chromosomal

aberrations; Lightheadedness; Loss of appetite; Loss of balance; Menstral

pain and disorders; Nausea; Nervousness; Non-lymphocytic leukemia; Ovarian

atrophy; Pallor; Paralysis; Premature births; Pulmonary hemorrhage; Pyloric

strictures; Underdevelopment of organs or body; Vertigo; Vomiting;

Weakness. Suspected of causing Birth defects.

End-point Targets: Blood, Central nervous system, bone marrow, Skin, Eyes,

Respiratory system.

Metabolites: Benzene oxide oxepin, Muconic acid, Phenyl Mercapturic acid,

Pre-phenyl mercapturic acid, Benzene oxide, Benzene glycol, Muconaldehyde,

Benzoquinone, Hydroquinone, Phenol, Catechol, Trihydroxy benzene,

Glucuronide, Sulfate.

Classification: Organic solvent.

Note: Historically established as a neurotoxin.

References. . .

4. Denatured alcohols, 6. Urethane, 8. Lacquer thinners, 10. Epoxy

resin, 13. Printing inks, 16. Freon, 17. Silicone 19. Soldering materials,

20. Metal cleaners, 23. Pigments, and 32. Rubber.

, C.: Chemical Exposure and Human Health: A Reference to

314 Chemicals, with a Guide to Symptoms, and a Directory of Organizations,

(1993) McLFarland & Company, Jefferson, NC.

1. 2-Butanone:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety andHealth, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, "Toxicology Profile for 2-Butanone," July 1992, Syracuse Research Corporation.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity, "March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects fof Chemical Substances, "

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances,

Economic and Technology Division, "Toxics in the Community, National and

Local Perspectives, The 1989 Toxics Release Inventory National Report,"

September 1991, Government Printing Office.

2. Cyclohexanone:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, "Environmental Neurotoxicity," 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, DC.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Desease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Services. Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology

Transfer, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards,"

1988, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., Publications No.

89-104

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity," March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986. U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Cyclohexnone: Response to the

Interagency Testing Committee," Federal Registry, January 3, 1984; 49

(1):136-142.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Memorandum: Further

Developmental Toxicity Testing on Cyclohexanone," May 4, 1988.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic

Substances, "Memorandum: Request for Assistance on Cyclohexanone," August

23, 1984.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances,

RAB RM-1 Presentation For Cyclohexanone," November 15, 1990.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances,

"RM1 Meeting Summary: Cyclohexanone," November 15, 1990.

3. Isobutyl Alcohol:

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "2-Methyl-1-Pentanol," as of January 18, 1992.

U.S. department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "TSCA Section 4 Profile of

Isobutyl Alcohol," November 14, 1991.

5. Acetone:

Committee On Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, Environmental Neurotoxicity, 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, DC.

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Acetone," as of January 13, 1992.

, C.L., Editor, Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 16th

Edition, 1989, F.A. Company, Philadelphia, PA.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Services, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology

Transfer, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards,"

1988, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., Publication No.

89-104.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, "NIOSH Alert - Request for Assistance in Preventing

Deaths of Farm Workers in Manure Pits," May 1990.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted

from RTECS: A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical

Substances," September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "TSCA Section 4 Profile of

Acetone," November 14, 1991.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

7. Vinyl chloride:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, Environmental Neurotoxicity, 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, DC.

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Vinyl Chloride," as of January 24, 1992.

U.S. Department of health and Human Services, Public Health

Services, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology

"Transfer, "Occupational Safety and Health guidelines for Chemical

Hazards," 1988, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

Publication No. 88-118.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, "Draft for Public

Comment: Toxicology Profile for Vinyl Chloride," October 1991, Clement

International Corporation.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health. "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 28 - Vinyl Halides

Carcinogenicity: Vinyl bromide Vinyl Chloride, Vinylidene," September 21,

1978, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

U.S. General Accounting Office, "Reproductive and Developmental

Toxicants: Regulatory Actions Provide Uncertain Protection," October 1991.

(GAP/PEMD-92-3)

9. Ethyl Acetate:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental studies and Toxicology, commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, Environmental Neurotoxicity, 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, DC.

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Toxicology Information

Program, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous

Substances Data Bank, "Ethyl Acetate," as of January 16, 1992.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

14. Toluene:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, Environmental Neurotoxicity, 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, DC.

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Methyl Isobutyl Ketone," as of January 18, 1992.

New York Department of Law; Abrams, Attorney General, The

Secret Hazards Of Pesticides, June 1991.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity," March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from

RTECSS: A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Disease Control,

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, "Proposed National

Strategies for the Prevention of Leading Work-Related Disease and Injuries:

Neurotoxic Disorders," 1988, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances,

Economic and Technology Division, "Toxics in the community, National and

Local Perspectives, The 1989 Toxics Release Inventory National Report,"

September 1991, Government Printing Office.

U.S. General Accounting Office, "Reproductive and Developmental

Toxicants: Regulatory Actions Provide Uncertain Protection," October 1991.

(GAO/PEMD-92-3)

U.S. Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease

Registry, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Toxicological Profile For

Toluene," December 1989.

15. Methylene Chloride:

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 43 - Monohalomethanes: Methyl

Chloride, Methyl Bromide, Methyl Iodide," September 27, 1984.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, "Toxicology Profile for

Chloromethane," December 1990, Syracuse Research Corporation.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity," March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health. "Regulations, Recommedations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Proposed National Strategies for the Prevention of Leading

Work-Related Disease and Injuries: Neurotoxic Disorders," 1988,

government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

21. Formaldehyde:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, Environmental Neurotoxicity, 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, DC

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Formaldehyde," as of January 17, 1992.

National Research Council, Assembly of Life Sciences, committee on

Aldehydes, Based in Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards,

Formaldehyde and Other Aldehydes, 1981, National Academy Press,

Washington, DC.

New Jersey Department of Health, "Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet

"Formaldehyde'," 1986.

Swanson, J.R., Formaldehyde: The Psychological and Educational

Implications of Formaldehyde Toxicology, 1984, college of Education,

University of Washington, Seattle, Wa.

, C.L., Editor, Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 16yh

Edition, 1989, F.A. Company, Philadelphia, PA.

Thrasher, J.D.; Broughton, A., The Truth About The Indoor

Formaldehyde Crisis: The Poisoning of Our Homes and Workplaces, 1989,

Ceadora, Inc., Publisher, Santa Ana. CA.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Services, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology

Transfer, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical

Hazards," 1988, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C.

Publication No. 89-104.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 34 - Formaldehyde: Evidence

of Carcinogenicity," April 15, 1981.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from

RTECS: A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 54 - Environmental Tobacco

Smoke in Workplace: Lung Cancer and Other Health Effects," June 1991, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 50 - Carcinogenic Effects of

Exposure to Diesel Exhaust," August 1988, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washinton, DC.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, Research

and Development, "Indoor Air Facts No. 4 (revised), Sick Building

Syndrome," April 1991.

26. Ethylene Oxide:

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Services, Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology

Transfer, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical

Hazards," 1988, U.S. government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.,

Publication No. 88-118.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 35 - Ethylene Oxide (EtO),"

May 22, 1981.

U.S. Department of Health and Human services, Public Health Service,

?agency for toxic Substances and Disease Registry, "Toxicology Profile for

Ethylene Oxide," December 1990, Life Systems, Inc.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 52 - Ethylene Oxide

Sterilizers in Health Care Facilities: Engineering Controls and Work

Practices," July 13, 1989, U.S. government Printing Office, Washington,

DC.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Proposed National Strategies for the Prevention of Leading

Work-Related Disease and Injuries: Neurotoxic Disorders," 1988, Government

Printing Office, Washington, DC.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

U.S. General Accounting Office, "Reproductive and Developmental

Toxicants: Regulatory Actions Provide Uncertain Protection," October 1991.

(GAO/PEMD-92-3)

27. Carbon Black:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, Board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, commission of Life Sciences, National

Research council, Environmental Neurotoxicity, 1992, National academy

Press, Washington, DC.

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Methyl Isobutyl Ketone," as of January 18, 1992.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, "Toxicology Profile for

Total Xylenes," December 1990, Clement Associates, Inc.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity," March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances,

Economic and Technology Division, "Toxics in the community, National and

Local Perspectives, The 1989 Toxics Reldease Inventory National Report,"

September 1991, Government Printing Office.

29. Hexone:

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Methyl Isobutyl Ketone,: as of January 18, 1992.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health

Services, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, Division of Standards Development and Technology

Transfer, "Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Chemical

Hazards," 1988, U.S. government Printing Office Washington, D.C.,

Publication No. 89-104.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity," March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

health, "Regulations, recommendations and assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,:

September 1986, U. S. government Printing Office.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances,

Economic and Technology Division, "Toxics in the community, National and

Local Perspectives, The 1989 Toxics Release Inventory National Report,"

September 1991. government Printing Office.

34. Zinc Oxide:

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Zinc Oxide," as of January 24, 1992.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from

RTECS: A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

35. Naptha:

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances Data Bank, "Naptha," as of January 19, 1992.

Sax, N.; Sewis, R.J., "Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference," 1987,

Van Norstand Rhienhold, New York.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket guide to Chemical Hazards,: June 1990, U.S.

government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 48 - Organic Solvent

Neurotoxicity,: March 31, 1987.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from RTECS:

A subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,:

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

36. Phenol:

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Hazardous Substances Data

Bank, "Phenol," as of January 22, 1992.

New York Department of Law: Abrams, Attorney General, "The

Secret Hazards Of Pesticides," June 1991.

, C.L., Editor "Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 16th

Edition, 1989, F.A. company, Philadelphia, PA.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Pocket guide to Chemical Hazards," June 1990, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Regulations, Recommendations and Assessments Extracted from

RTECS: A Subfile of the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances,"

September 1986, U.S. Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "NIOSH Current Intelligence bulletin 54 - Environmental Tobacco

Smoke in the Workplace: Lung Cancer and Other Health Effects." June 1991,

U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,

Center for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, "Proposed National Strategies for the Prevention of Leading

Work-Related Disease and Injuries: Neurotoxic Disorders," 1988, government

Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Planning and

Substances, "NATICH Data Base Report On State, Local, and EPA Air Toxics

Activities," July 1990

37. Benzene:

Committee on Neurotoxicology and Models of Assessing Risk, board on

Environmental Studies and Toxicology, commission of Life Sciences, National

Research Council, "Environmental Neurotoxicity," 1992, National Academy

Press, Washington, D.C.

National Library of Medicine's Toxicology Information Program,

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Hazardous Substances Data

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THE END