Re: Calcium in dairy products counteracts cholesterol increase

[Guest guest]

The report used by the IOM in the review of the new guidelines for D also

evaluated calcium studies Men consuming 2000 mg calcium or more regularly had

significantly increased risks of prostate cancer. This study and results seems

kind of odd/manipulative over a short time.

R Vajda, R.D.

________________________________

To: RD-USA <rd-usa >

Sent: Fri, February 11, 2011 1:13:17 PM

Subject: Calcium in dairy products counteracts cholesterol increase

Despite intervention studies showing that saturated fat increases total and

LDL-cholesterol concentrations – and resultant advice to avoid high-fat

dairy product consumption – University of Copenhagen researchers Janne

Lorenzen and Arne Astrup said that observational studies (such as Lin et al.

2000, et al. 2006) showed an inverse relationship between intake of

high calcium dairy products and CVD (cardiovascular disease).

Several intervention studies also showed that dairy calcium, in particular,

produces decreases in body weight and fat (Davies et al. 2000), and although

others failed to discover an effect (Lorenzen et al. 2006), the current

authors noted (Bendsen et al. 2008) that one mechanism by which calcium

affects energy balance and thus *“potentially body weightâ€* is via increased

faecal fat and energy excretion.

*Does calcium content affect lipid profile?*

Lorenzen and Astrup wrote:*“There is a need for more studies that explore

the potential role of calcium intake in lipid metabolism…the aim of the

present study was to examine whether a concomitant intake of the calcium

content of dairy products modifies the effect of dairy fat on the lipid

profile.â€*

* *

The study involved 9 male subjects, with a mean age of 32.8 years, allocated

on a random basis to one of four isoenergetic (equal energy) 10-day diets in

succession, with a break of at least one week and normal eating habits

between each diet.

Approximate dietary values were as follows: (1) low calcium and low fat

(700mg calcium per day, 25% fat) (2) high calcium and low fat (2,800mg

calcium, 25% fat) (3) low calcium and high fat (700mg calcium, 49% fat) (4)

high calcium and high fat (2,800mg calcium, 49% fat).

Dairy products were the main calcium source for participants, with dairy fat

the main difference between low and high fat diets (90%). During the high

calcium periods, subjects were given milk with each meal; the low calcium

diet used a protein drink containing equivalent whey, casein powders and

lactose to milk.

*Dairy calcium decreased bad cholesterol*

Blood variables were measured before and after each diet period, with lipid

profiles in faeces and urine collected at the end of each diet period. The

results showed that – independent of calcium intake – high fat diets

increased LDL and HDL cholesterol concentrations by 9% and 13% against low

fat diets.

But irrespective of fat intake, the high calcium diets decreased

concentrations of total- (4%) and LDL-cholesterol (10%), although they did

not affect HDL cholesterol concentrations, which the authors linked to

a *“protective

effectâ€* where CVD is concerned.

*“The major finding is that dairy calcium attenuates the increase in total

and LDL-cholesterol produced by increased dairy fat, without affecting the

rise in HDL-cholesterol,â€* wrote Lorenzen and Astrup.

* *

*“This is probably, at least in part, due to an increased faecal excretion

of fatty acids and bile acid excretion, and possibly also increased

excretion of other hydrophobic components, including cholesterol. However,

other unidentified mechanisms may also be involved.â€*

* *

*Calcium supplement warning*

Calling for more research, Lorenzen and Astrup said the study’s limitations

included variations between the diets (independent of calcium and fat

content) that *“may have confounded the outcomeâ€*, the trial’s short

duration, and the possibility of adaption to long-term high calcium intake,

which could reduce its effect* *on cholesterol concentration and faecal fat

excretion.

They also cited Bolland et al. 2010, in warning that non-dairy calcium

administered in supplements (without coadministered vitamin D, which was

excluded from the trial), has* " recently been shown to be associated with an

increased risk of myocardial infarction* [or heart attacks]*â€*.

Source: *British Journal of Nutrition*,* *published online ahead of print,

January 2011: 31:1-10

Title: *Dairy Calcium Intake Modifies Responsiveness of Fat Metabolism and

Blood Lipids to a High-Fat Diet.

*<http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online & aid=80210\

75>

Authors: Lorenzen, K. Astrup, A.

link<http://www.dairyreporter.com/Formulation/Danish-study-finds-calcium-counter\

acts-effects-of-dairy-fat-uptake>

--

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