Guest guest Posted June 21, 2000 Report Share Posted June 21, 2000 Hi All, Here is some more interesting information for those of you who are interested! Hugs and God bless Robin Very Informative~ Mycoplasma Registry for gulf war illness & chronic fatigue syndrome A. & Leslee M. Dudley 303 47th Street, J10 San Diego, California 92102-5961 Tel/Fax: e-mail: mycoreg@... * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * M Y C O P L A S M A R E G I S T R Y for gulf war illness & chronic fatigue syndrome NEWSLETTER PART I November 2, 1999 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * MYCOPLASMA ARE CONTAGIOUS ____________________________________________ Thousands of people diagnosed with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Fibromyalgia and Gulf War Illness, from all over our country and the world, have tested positive for mycoplasmas. Mycoplasmas are contagious. Fifty-six percent of the victims on our MYCOPLASMA REGISTRY had an airborne, contagious onset. Mycoplasma Onset [graphic] Airborne 30% flu 12% bronchitis 9% pneumonia 4% sinusitis 1% meningitis _____________ 56% Airborne Onset 11% vehicle accident 9% surgery 8% chemical exposures 4% FDA approved vaccinations 2% experimental vaccinations 10% unknown MYCOPLASMAS: FAMILY DISEASE ____________________________________________ It is a slow growing epidemic that is infecting and devastating entire families. Almost 60% of the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients on our registry, have more than one person in their households who have tested positive for mycoplasma infections. These are husbands and wives, fathers and sons, mothers and daughters, mothers & sons, extended family members and even household pets. [slides of families tested positive ] DR. NICOLSON'S PCR BLOOD TEST ____________________________________________ Now, there is an accurate PCR blood test and protocol designed by Drs. Garth and Nicolson, to diagnose and treat these mycoplasma infections. These tests are far more accurate than previous antibody or blood culture tests. Once long term antibiotic treatment is started, patients begin recovering. No new drugs need to be developed. We and hundreds of MYCOPLASMA REGISTRY members are recovering after one to three years on antibiotics. Unfortunately, the CDC's criminal diversion of CFS research funds has caused delays in diagnosis and treatment. Some patients who have suffered years of infections may need to take antibiotics for the rest of their lives. [slide of Dr. Nicolson at The Institute for Molecular Medicine] DR. LO'S MYCOPLASMA PATNET ____________________________________________ The overwhelming body of evidence from researchers forces us to conclude that there is a national, if not global epidemic. Even Dr. Shyh-Ching Lo, pathologist for the Department of Defense who discovered and patented mycoplasma fermentans incognitus and mycoplasma penetrans, states in his own patents, that Mycoplasma fermentans is the cause of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. United States Patent Patent Number: 5,242,820 Date of Patent: Sep. 7, 1993 Pathogenic Mycoplasma Inventor: Shyh-Ching Lo, Potomac, Md. Assignee: American Registry of Pathology Washington, D.C [Dept. of Defense] Filed: June 6, 1991 [originally applied for June 18, 1986] " O. Other Disease States in Which M. fermentans incognitus Has Been Implicated In addition to AIDS, M. fermentans incognitus has been implicated in a number of other Disease states including Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Wegener's Disease, Sarcoidosis, respiratory distress syndrome, Kikuchi's disease, autoimmune diseases such as Collagen Vascular Disease and Lupus, and chronic debilitating diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. M. fermentans incognitus may be either a causative agent of these diseases or a key cofactor in these diseases. P. Treatment of M. fermentans incognitus Infection M. fermentans incognitus is known to be sensitive to a number of antibiotics, including doxycycline, quinalones such as ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. Therefore, effective treatment of any of the above implicated diseases should include administration of antibiotics to which M. fermentans incognitus is sensitive. " [slides: Dr. Lo's portrait, patent cover, patent excerpt] CONGRESSMAN BOB FILNER ____________________________________________ We have enlisted Congressman Bob Filner and others for their support in bringing this epidemic to the attention of Congress. [slide of Congressman Bob Filner of San Diego, CA, Senior Democrat on the Veterans' Affairs Committee, expert on Gulf War Illness] MUST RECLASSIFY MYCOPLASMAS ____________________________________________ The CDC, FDA and NIH, all have sections devoted to mycoplasma research. They acknowledge that mycoplasmas are contagious to farm animals such as pigs, chickens and cattle, causing arthritis, stunted growth, even death. Vaccines have been developed and used on animals for years. Yet, all these health organizations continue to deny that mycoplasmas can spread through the human population or cause illness. We demand that the CDC reclassify mycoplasmas as a reportable contagious disease if found in the blood and that they require every diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome to be reported by physicians. RECALL CDC'S CFS BOOKLET ____________________________________________ The CDC must immediately recall its May 1999 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome booklet. The booklet advises patients not to be tested for mycoplasma infection. A new booklet should recommend testing for mycoplasma and other infections, and advise doctors that Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients are responding to antibiotic treatment. The CDC must stop implying that this is a psychological disorder and stop recommending medications that lead to severe addiction. " d. Theoretical and Experimental Tests A number of tests, some of which are offered commercially, have no demonstrated value for the diagnosis of CFS. These tests should not be performed unless required for diagnosis of a suspected exclusionary condition (e.g., MRI to rule out suspected multiple sclerosis) or unless they are part of a scientific study. In the latter case, written informed consent of the patient is required. No diagnostic tests for infectious agents, such as Epstein-Barr virus, enteroviruses, retroviruses, human herpesvirus 6, Candida albicans, and Mycoplasma incognita, are diagnostic for CFS and as such should not be used (except to identify an illness that would exclude a CFS diagnosis, such as mononucleosis). In addition, no immunologic tests, including cell profiling tests such as measurements of natural killer cell (NK) number or function, cytokine tests (e.g., interleukin-1, interleukin-6, or interferon), or cell marker tests (e.g., CD25 or CD16), have ever been shown to have value for diagnosing CFS. Other tests that must be regarded as experimental for making the diagnosis of CFS include the tilt table test for NMH, and imaging techniques such as MRI, PET-scan, or SPECT- scan. Reports of a pathway marker for CFS as well as a urine marker for CFS are undergoing further study; however, neither is considered useful for diagnosis at this time. " [page 10 of CDC booklet " Chronic Fatigue Syndrome " ] DOUBLE BLIND STUDIES NEEDED ____________________________________________ The CDC & NIH must fund double-blind studies with antibiotics to determine which are most effective against specific strains of mycoplasmas or we will demand that Congress take away funding from the CDC and NIH as it has taken away funding from the DoD for Gulf War Illness. Thank you. ### * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * M Y C O P L A S M A R E G I S T R Y for gulf war illness & chronic fatigue syndrome NEWSLETTER PART II November 2, 1999 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * [The Mycoplasma Registry has been working with Congressman Bob Filner of San Diego for three years on issues of Gulf War Illness and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. We asked Congressman Filner to speak to the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Coordinating Committee meeting after our video was to be shown. The CFSCC agreed to allow him to speak at the November 2, 1999 meeting. Congressman Filner made plans to attend. Unfortunately, the Congressman was detained on the floor of the House. However, the following statement was to have been presented to the CFSCC, and has been sent to all the members of the Committee as well as officials at the CDC.] --------------------------------------------------------------------- WRITTEN TESTIMONY CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME COORDINATING COMMITTEE 11-2-99 CONGRESSMAN BOB FILNER I'm grateful to the Committee for allowing me to submit my testimony for the written record. I had wanted to be present because I feel that more attention needs to be paid to this health issue, but the business of the House of Representatives prevented my attendance. As a senior Democrat on the Veterans' Affairs Committee, I have for some time been investigating the cause of the Gulf War illness, which I am convinced is a real and debilitating disease. Various credible theories have been advanced. One of the most credible for the majority of the instances of both Gulf War illness and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome appears to be mycoplasma infection in the blood. Since it's being found in such high numbers in both diseases, and patients are recovering after antibiotic treatment, the simple conclusion to me is they are related diseases. Recently, I've had a close friend come to me with various diagnoses of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome or fibromyalgia. Based on my own research, her symptoms closely paralleled those of mycoplasma infection, and I had her get in touch with and Leslee Dudley who advised her to be tested. Garth Nicolson tested her, and she was positive. She has now started to recover, using antibiotic treatment. So now, this is very personal with me. I have watched with increasing exasperation the foot dragging, avoidance, misdirection of funds, and outright lies from both the Departments of Defense and Veterans' Affairs and now the CDC and other U.S. Health Organizations, as I and other legislators have tried to get to the bottom of these diseases. I backed the current VA double-blind study for antibiotic treatment for Gulf War illness, but the results won't be known for some time, and I am still greatly concerned about the parameters of the study which may influence the outcome of the trial. I've had to make phone calls to physicians and HMO's on behalf of my constituents in order for them to receive tests and treatment for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and fibromyalgia. All of them are beginning to make recoveries. The shame of all this is that our health system would have fewer costs if they only tested and treated patients for these infections, rather than dismissing their complaints and conducting unneeded but expensive procedures or prescribing them expensive medications that are only creating addicts. I am especially concerned with the most recent Chronic Fatigue Syndrome booklet the CDC is putting out. To my way of thinking, the booklet dismisses the most promising line of research yet discovered, mycoplasma infection, in a strange circular logic that can best be described as " Catch-22 " reasoning. Patients are told not to be tested for mycoplasma; it's a waste of time. But if you are tested positive, and you recover with antibiotics, then you can't really have Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Here are my specific suggestions for CDC: - Mycoplasmas should be classified as a reportable, contagious disease if found in the blood. - Every diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia should be reported by physicians. - The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Coordinating Committee should recommend that Dr. Garth Nicolson do a double-blind study for mycoplasma in CFS patients. - The entire $12.9 million must be returned immediately, not over four years, and additional funds must be allocated to investigate infectious agents as the cause of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia. - Lastly, I want to inform the Committee that I intend to sign on to the GAO investigation into the missing CFS funds. I want some accountability-even at CDC. Thank you. ### * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * M Y C O P L A S M A R E G I S T R Y for gulf war illness & chronic fatigue syndrome NEWSLETTER PART III April 22, 1999 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * LETTER PRESENTED TO THE CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME COORDINATING COMMITTEE MEETING April 22, 1999 by & Leslee Dudley Thousands of civilians and military personnel throughout the world are now testing positive for Mycoplasma fermentans incognitus; 80% with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and 65% with Gulf War Illness. It is long overdue for CFS to be acknowledged as a contagious disease, and not a psychological ailment. Dr. Garth Nicolson has provided accurate diagnostic PCR blood tests for the detection of Mycoplasmas. The VA is starting a double blind study for Mycoplasma using Dr. Nicolson's PCR blood test and antibiotic protocol. People on our Registry test positive for one to four species of Mycoplasmas. They are taking antibiotics, recovering and testing negative in one to three years. I It has been a decade since we were both diagnosed with CFS. We caught it before the Gulf War began; with irritable bowel syndrome and Leslee with Fibromyalgia and Lupus. We tried many CFS treatments including IV gamma globulin, a double blind interferon trial and various medications (Leslee is on page 96 of Dr. Jay Goldstein's " Betrayal of the Brain " ). As Gulf War Illness became known, we recognized the symptoms as CFS/like. We tested positive for Mycoplasma fermentans incognitus, started antibiotic treatment and began recovering. was the first civilian to be retested using a bone marrow biopsy. After seven months on antibiotics, he still tested positive. Two years ago, we appeared on national TV as civilians who had GWI/CFS with the good news that there was a PCR blood test and an antibiotic protocol. Responding to hundreds of phone calls, we started asking questions and keeping statistics. These are some of our preliminary findings. The Registry is 84% civilians, 16% military, 59% women, 28% men and 13% children. HOW DID THEIR ILLNESS START? ____________________________________________ Fifty six per cent attributed it to a probable airborne exposure. The 20% who caught it in a hospital setting after an accident or surgery, also indicates its contagious nature. The people with trauma or chemical exposure may have been previously infected, but the disease only fully developed after their immune systems were suppressed. However, 6 % caught it from vaccinations that may have been contaminated with mycoplasma or experimental live mycoplasma vaccines. MYCOPLASMA ONSET [graphic] AIRBORNE: 30 % flu 12 % bronchitis 9 % pneumonia 4 % sinusitis 1 % meningitis _______________ 56 % total TRAUMA INVOLVING HOSPITALIZATION 11 % vehicle accidents 9 % surgery ________________ 20 % total CHEMICAL EXPOSURES 8% VACCINATIONS 4 % FDA approved 2 % experimental _________________ 6 % total UNKNOWN 10% HOW LONG BEFORE THEY WERE DISABLED? [graphic] ____________________________________________ The CDC claim CFIDS victims recover with 5 years. The Registry shows that after 5 years 95% of CFIDS victims are totally disabled. 6 months = 30 % disabled 1 year = 40 % disabled 2 years = 58 % disabled 3 years = 63 % disabled 4 years = 70 % disabled 5 years = 95 % disabled WHEN DID THEIR SYMPTOMS FIRST BEGIN? ____________________________________________ In the 1970's and 1980's, people became infected with M. fermentans after experimental injections while in the Armed Forces or in civilian prisons, as in Huntsville, TX. Their families subsequently became infected. As it slowly spread into the population, the numbers spiked as our troops were given vaccines in preparation for the Gulf War. The incubation period is 2 to 18 months. YEAR OF ONSET [graphic] MYCOPLASMA FERMENTATANS INCOGNITUS ____________________________________________ Starts in 1974 with he first cases and slowly increasing, doubling in the years 1986,1987, 1988, then it doubles again in 1989, 1990,1991, 1992 [the gulf war], with the highest peak in 1994 OCCUPATION AT ONSET ____________________________________________ People are likely to catch this disease as a result of their occupations. Contagiousness is demonstrated by the largest group being health care workers and the next largest group being teachers and students. It passes into the civilian community by people who have frequent contact with the public such as sales people, receptionists, lawyers, entertainers, waitresses and clerks. People we counted as having military connections, worked at or near military bases, in aerospace fields, dock workers, merchant marines, truckers and airline personal. OCCUPATION AT ONSET [graphic] ____________________________________________ 34 % Medical Professional 21 % Teachers & Students 21 % People Who Worked With the Public 13 % Military Connections 11 % Homemakers & Mother ARE OTHER FAMILY MEMBER OR FRIENDS INFECTED? ____________________________________________ With couples, when the first person to become infected is a man, 84% of the female partners tested positive. If the first partner to become infected is a female, 48% of the male partners tested positive. When one parent was infected, 92% of the children tested were positive. Most people on our Registry report close relatives or friends as becoming symptomatic. Even pets get sick and die. REGISTRY RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________ Before the cold war, people who had CFS were suffering from a naturally occurring type of mycoplasma. Mycoplasma fermentans incognitus is a genetically altered biological weapon made more virulent, more drug resistant and more contagious. The Department of Defense owns the patents to it. The CDC and NIH have know about mycoplasmas for many years, having worked with the DoD. The only thing that has changed is that now, we the victims, know about it too. 1. CDC must reclassify mycoplasmas as a reportable contagious disease if found in the blood. 2. FDA must test all vaccines for mycoplasma contamination. 3. Blood supplies must be tested routinely for mycoplasmas, as is now done for HIV. 4. All military personal must be tested for mycoplasmas. 5. Health care workers, teachers and students must be tested for mycoplasma infection. 6. NIH must fund studies for mycoplasma research. 7. All Gulf War Illness research must be taken away from the DoD. 8. All CFS, GWI and Fibromyalgia patients should be tested for contagious diseases such as: Mycoplasma Chlamydia Brucella Streptococcus HHV-6. Rickettsia 9. Family members and pets of those infected should be tested and treated. ### * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * M Y C O P L A S M A R E G I S T R Y for gulf war illness & chronic fatigue syndrome NEWSLETTER March 1999 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * VA RECRUITS GULF WAR VETS FOR NICOLSON'S MYCOPLASMA TREATMENT STUDY By & Leslee Dudley VA STUDY ____________________________________________ The Veterans Administration has received a 12.3 million-dollar grant to do a double blind study on Gulf War Veterans. The VA will be using Drs. Garth and Nicolson's PCR blood test for the Mycoplasma fermentans (incognitus strain). The study will be using the protocol developed by the Nicolsons to treat this systemic infection with the antibiotic Doxycycline. On March 1, 1999, twenty nine VA Hospitals will begin screening Gulf War Veterans' blood for Mycoplasma fermentans. From this, a study will be made up of 450 patients who test positive for Mycoplasma fermentans. Half the patients will receive the antibiotic Doxycycline for twelve months and the other half will receive a placebo for twelve months. The study's goal is to determine if antibiotic treatment directed against this mycoplasma species will improve the functional state of patients with Gulf War Illness who are testing mycoplasma positive. Specifically, if a twelve month course of Doxycycline reduces GWI symptoms of pain, fatigue and neuro-cognitive problems. After twelve months on Doxycycline, GWI patients will be retested to determine if they are negative, relapse or recover.. The study will take two and a half years. WHO'S TESTING BLOOD SAMPLES? CAN THEY BE TRUSTED? ____________________________________________ Mycoplasmas are not successfully found by normal antibody blood tests. Since they are inside human white blood cells, forensic PCR is used. Dr. Garth Nicolson , was given a small grant by the Department of Defense to teach his method of detecting the mycoplasma to the other labs that will be doing the blood tests. The labs are Dr. Shyh-Ching Lo's at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Dr. Baseman's at U.T. San and Dr. Garth Nicolson's Institute of Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA. Dr. Nicolson's lab has had a success rate of 65% positive for this mycoplasma in Gulf War Vets,whereas other commercial labs have only detected it in 30% of their samples. Many civilian and military patients, after receiving a negative mycoplasma result on their blood tests, have had to have the blood tests redone by more reliable labs that found that they were actually positive for the infection. Dr. Lo has had a history of not finding mycoplasmas since 1993. He could not find them in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome blood samples, nor from more than a hundred samples sent to him from Huntsville, Texas prison guards and their families. Recently Dr. Lo was unable to find Mycoplasma find Mycoplasma fermentans in more than 6,000 Gulf War Vet's blood samples. Mycoplasmas spoil quickly if unrefrigerated. Dr. Nicolson has found that after only six hours, half of the mycoplasmas are dead and within seventy-two hours all are dead and deteriorated. It is important that samples be sent with ice and quickly sent to the best and nearest lab. Veterans participating in the study can specify which lab they want their blood samples sent to, according to Dr. Nicolson. FILNER SUPPORTS NICOLSONS GAO INVESTIGATION ____________________________________________ The Nicolsons have suggested possible contamination of the anthrax vaccines with mycoplasmas as the cause of Gulf War Illness. They have heroically fought for the victims of mycoplasma, both the Gulf War Veterans and civilians who have Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Since their daughter contracted this disease after serving in the Gulf War, they have spent all their efforts developing blood tests, treatment protocols and educating the public, Congress and physicians. Many Gulf War Vets and Chronic Fatigue patients have successfully recovered after one to three years of antibiotic treatments. Their grant applications have been recently turned down by the Department of Defense. After almost one hundred fruitless studies by the Department of Defense into Gulf War Illness, Congress recommended that the private sector be awarded the grants for studying Gulf War Illness. The Nicolson's grants were originally submitted in 1995. Congressman Bob Filner of San Diego, is the senior Democrat on the Veterans Affairs Committee. He is well informed and has exhibited deep concern over this problem. He has often personally met with both the Nicolson's and the victims of mycoplasma. Congressman Bob Filner has formally requested that the General Accounting Office investigate the rejection of the Nicolson's grant applications. Filner wrote to the GAO: " We have received information that at least one and possibly both of his grant applications to the U.S. ArmyMedical Research Acquisition Activity (USAMRAA) at Fort Detrick on Gulf War Illness may have been tampered with and the priority scores changed from fundable to unfundable. A follow-up application submitted to the USAMRAA in 1996 was apparently reviewed not by scientists but psychiatrists who may have bias and conflict of interest in this matter—and many lack the training and credential in this area necessary to provide a proper review. My personal observation is that many of Dr. Nicolson's patients aredoing better than many Department ofDefense/Veterans Administration patients with Gulf War Illness and that his work is worthy of being funded. " In essence, the Nicolson's grants to study mycoplasma were turned down because the DOD has emphasized psychological reasons for Gulf War Illness. The Nicolsons have focused on contagious biological factors as the cause of Gulf War Illness. It is vitally important that the Nicolsons obtain their grant from the DOD. The current VA study is based on the Nicolsons' old research from 1993. Since then they have identified other mycoplasmas infecting Gulf War Vets. Some Vets have as many as four different mycoplasmas. Doctors can successfully treat patients infected with M. fermentans using Doxycycline if that is the only mycoplasma they have. Other mycoplasmas need additional antibiotics. The Nicolson's have developed a protocol using different antibiotics to treat multiple infections. The VA will not be following this more advanced treatment protocol. The VA study does not include a complete mycoplasma screen of subjects. This will ultimately create inaccurate results. Patients can be cured of M. fermentans but still exhibit symptoms if they are infected with other species of mycoplasma or infectious agents. The Nicolson's have collected thousands of Gulf War Veterans' blood samples, most taken immediately after the war. By studying these samples they have created new PCR blood tests to detect infectious agents they have found. The Nicolson's Institute is now testing blood for the following infections: Mycoplasma Screen Test Mycoplasma fermentans Mycoplasma penetrans Mycoplasma pneumoniae Mycoplasma hominis Mycoplasma genitalium Mycoplasma pirum Chlamydia Screen Test Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia psitasi Brucella Screen Test Brucella melitensis Brucella abortus The Institute also performs blood tests for pets because these infectious diseases are passed between animals and humans. GULF WAR VETERANS ILLNESS STUDY SITES ANTIBIOTIC TREATMENT ____________________________________________ The following is a list of the VA Hospitals where veterans can get the Mycoplasma fermentans blood test and be recruited for the twelve months double blind Doxycycline treatment study. VA Telephone Hospitals Numbers & Sites Extensions Albany (518)462-331 x3080 Augusta (733)733-0188 x1713 Boston (617)232-9500 x5576 Bronx (917)787-3427 Brooklyn (718)630-2819 ton (803)792-4547 Dayton (937)298-3399 x5989 Durham (919)286-0411 x7308 East Orange (973)676-1000 x2156 Fargo (701)239-3700 x2156 Houston (713)794-7385 Manchester (800)892-8384 x6073 Milwaukee (414)384-2000 x1611 Minneapolis (612)725-2000 x4185 Montgomery (334)272-4670 x476 Nashville (615)327-4751 x5512 New Orleans (504)589-5920 Oklahoma X3284 Omaha (402)449-0650 Philadelphia (215)823-4244 Providence (401)457-3045 Richmond (804)675-5436 Salt Lake City (801)582-1565 x1466 San Diego (619)553-9967 San Francisco (415)221-4810 x2287 San (787)758-6900 West Haven (203)937-3446 White River (802)295-9363 Walter (202)782-806 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * MYCOPLASMA REGISTRY for Gulf War Illness & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome & Leslee Dudley 303 47th Street, J-10 San Diego, CA 92102-5961 Tel: Fax: or E-mail: mycoreg@... We are an unincorporated nonprofit association, Calfornia Reg. No. 6679. To continue our work and research, donations would be appreciated. Permission is given to repost, copy and distribute this Newsletter as long as our name is not removed from it and nothing is changed or removed. © 1999 & Leslee Dudley * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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