DIFM DPG and Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database

[Guest guest]

Hi, I belong to this DPG which I think still permits me to use the Natural

Medicine Comprehensive Database with a code from the ADA DPG. Does anyone have

login information for using this site. Can't get on, haven't used it in awhile.

Thank you.  Sue Nichols

 

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Sue Nichols, MS/RD/CDE/CDN

________________________________

To: " rd-usa " <rd-usa >

Sent: Thu, February 10, 2011 1:57:23 AM

Subject: Re: High salt intake may have immediate effects on

circulation: Study

 

Yes, thanks and now I see that the study means one meal and not a

daily intake:)

Sent from my iPhone

On Feb 10, 2011, at 12:03 AM, Vajda

wrote:

> Thanks Ruiwen,

>

> I appreciate the reminder that salt and sodium are different. It is

> easy to

> talk about them somewhat interchangeably in everyday language but

> the math

> really shows what we are talking about.

>

> R Vajda, R.D.

>

>

> ________________________________

>

> To: rd-usa

> Sent: Wed, February 9, 2011 6:47:11 PM

> Subject: Re: High salt intake may have immediate effects on

> circulation: Study

>

> Hi,

>

> Sorry if I am confusing people. I meant we need to distinguish

> between salt and

> sodium when we talk about them. When we say average American people

> consume 3.4g

> per day, we are talking about sodium, not salt. This amount of

> sodium would

> convert to about 8.6g salt. In the study posted, I assume the

> authors were

> talking about table salt, so 3.4g salt would mean about 1.5g sodium,

> which is

> still high for a meal, but not impossible in real life.

>

> When you have the weight of salt, you can figure out the amount of

> sodium in it

> using the atomic masses of sodium and chlorine. Atomic mass tells us

> the number

> of units a certain atom weighs. Table salt is basically sodium

> chloride, so one

> salt molecule contains one sodium atom and one chlorine atom.

> Sodium's atomic

> mass is 23, while chlorine's atomic mass is 35.5. Therefore, a

> sodium chloride's

> molecular mass is 23+35.5=58.5. When you have 3.8g salt (the amount

> used in the

> study), you can first divide 3.8 by 58.5, then multiply it by 23 to

> get the

> weight of the sodium, which is 1.494g in the study.

>

> Ruiwen Qin, MS, RD

> --- 11年2月9日，周三, Weaver 写

> é“：

>

> å‘件人: Weaver

> 主题: Re: High salt intake may have immediate effects on

> circulation:

> Study

> 收件人: rd-usa

> 日期: 2011å¹´2月9æ—¥,周三,下åˆ5:31

>

> Sent from my iPhone

>

> On Feb 9, 2011, at 5:30 PM, Weaver

>

> wrote:

>

> > Oh wait, I did not think that you could weigh out 3.8 g of salt and

>

> > just divide by 2 to get total g of na. I just do not believe that I

>

> > could enjoy a 1 or 1.5 g na diet...yuk!

>

> >

>

> > Sent from my iPhone

>

> >

>

> > On Feb 9, 2011, at 5:05 PM, Weaver

>

> > wrote:

>

> >

>

> >> Hi , you are right 3.8g of na is high but 3.8g of salt is

>

> >> wow and this would over work your vascular system.

>

> >>

>

> >> Sent from my iPhone

>

> >>

>

> >>

>

> >>

>

> >>> ,

>

> >>>

>

> >>> I just happened to notice this due to my chemistry background. :-)

>

> >>> The research posted said " 3.8g of salt " , not 3.8g of sodium.

>

> >>> Note that there is chloride and sodium in salt. If you get rid of

>

> >>> the chloride, 3.8g salt contains about 1.495g sodium.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Ruiwen Qin, MS, RD

>

> >>>

>

> >>> --- 11年2月9日，周三, Vajda

>

> >>> 写é“：

>

> >>>

>

> >>> å‘件人: Vajda

>

> >>> 主题: Re: High salt intake may have immediate effects

> on

>

> >>> circulation: Study

>

> >>> 收件人: rd-usa

>

> >>> 日期: 2011å¹´2月9æ—¥,周三,上åˆ9:24

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>

> >>> 3.8 grams of salt in one meal would be pretty thirsty work. That

>

> >>> solute load

>

> >>>

>

> >>> might even cause diarrhea/dumping. I've gotton an occasional

>

> >>> Applebee's meal

>

> >>>

>

> >>> where the sauce was so concentrated and salty that even though I

>

> >>> didn't eat

>

> >>>

>

> >>> much, it didn't stay in me long either. I don't think the average

>

> >>> American

>

> >>>

>

> >>> intake of 3.4 grams per day was consumed in one sitting. By

>

> >>> disagreeing with

>

> >>>

>

> >>> the 1500 mg 'goal' I am saying that people vary and setting a goal

>

> >>> at the lowest

>

> >>>

>

> >>> end of normal doesn't seem safe to me.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Drinking more water helps remove toxins in urine - nothing bad

>

> >>> about that.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> R Vajda, R.D.

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>

> >>> ________________________________

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>

> >>> To: RD-USA <rd-usa >

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Sent: Tue, February 8, 2011 3:59:37 PM

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Subject: High salt intake may have immediate effects on

>

> >>> circulation:

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Study

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Consuming highly salty foods may begin to impair the functioning

>

> >>> of blood

>

> >>>

>

> >>> vessels within 30 minutes, according to new research published in

>

> >>> the *American

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Journal of Clinical Nutrition.*

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The study suggests that 3.8 grams of

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>salt<http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=salt & FromNews

> >

>

> >>> >–

>

> >>>

>

> >>> an amount similar to commonly eaten meals – can reduce the abili

>

> >>> ty of

>

> >>>

>

> >>> blood vessels to widen after a meal when compared with a lower

>

> >>> salt meal.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The researchers found raised levels of salt from the diet can

>

> >>> significantly

>

> >>>

>

> >>> reduce flow mediated dilation (a measure of blood vessels ability

>

> >>> to widen)

>

> >>>

>

> >>> within 30 minutes.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Researchers from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial

> Research

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Organization (CSIRO), Australia report that when a high salt meal

>

> >>> was

>

> >>>

>

> >>> consumed blood vessels widened about half as much as for low salt

>

> >>> meal,

>

> >>>

>

> >>> though they noted that these effects passed after around two hours

>

> >>> when

>

> >>>

>

> >>> normal functioning was restored.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *“What surprised us was that this is similar to responses seen a

>

> >>> fter a meal

>

> >>>

>

> >>> high in saturated fats, which we know can be damage blood vessels

>

> >>> in the

>

> >>>

>

> >>> long-term,â€* said the study’s lead author, Kacie Dickinson.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *“These results suggest that high salt intakes have acute advers

>

> >>> e effects on

>

> >>>

>

> >>> vascular dilatation in the postprandial *[post meal]* state,â€* s

>

> >>> aid the

>

> >>>

>

> >>> researchers.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *Salt risks*

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Dickinson and her colleagues said that there is *“compelling evi

>

> >>> denceâ€* to

>

> >>>

>

> >>> show a link between salt intake, increased blood pressure, and

>

> >>> risk of

>

> >>>

>

> >>> cardiovascular disease

>

> >>>

>

> >>>

>(CVD<http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=CVD & FromNews

>

> >>> >).

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The researchers said that impaired blood vessel functioning

>

> >>> (endothelial

>

> >>>

>

> >>> dysfunction) is considered to be an initial step in the

>

> >>> development of

>

> >>>

>

> >>> atherosclerosis, which has been previously shown to be induced by

>

> >>> metabolic

>

> >>>

>

> >>> factors – through an increase in oxidative stress and a reductio

>

> >>> n in the

>

> >>>

>

> >>> bioavailability of nitric oxide. The endothelium is the layer of

>

> >>> cells

>

> >>>

>

> >>> lining blood vessels.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> High salt intakes, even over a short period of time, are known to

>

> >>> lead to

>

> >>>

>

> >>> similar reduction in nitric oxide, and increases in oxidative

>

> >>> stress –

>

> >>>

>

> >>> however Dickinson and her co- workers said that whether blood

> vessel

>

> >>>

>

> >>> functions are impaired after a high salt meal have not been

> studied.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *“Determining whether a high salt meal has a detrimental effect

> on

>

> >>>

>

> >>> endothelial function in the postprandial *[post meal]* state is of

>

> >>> interest

>

> >>>

>

> >>> given the high levels of nondiscretionary salt consumed in foods

>

> >>> and typical

>

> >>>

>

> >>> meals,â€* they said.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The new study investigated the vascular responses of a group of

>

> >>> healthy

>

> >>>

>

> >>> adults to a high-salt meal containing 65 mmol

>

> >>>

>

>>>>sodium<http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/content/search?SearchText=sodium & Fro\

mNews

>s

> >>>s

> >>>

>

> >>> >and

>

> >>>

>

> >>> low-salt control meal containing 5 mmol sodium.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *Study details*

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The researchers studied the impact of short-term salt intake in

>

> >>> sixteen

>

> >>>

>

> >>> healthy volunteers. The postprandial effect of dietary salt on

>

> >>> endothelial

>

> >>>

>

> >>> function was measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and blood

>

> >>> pressure.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> FMD is often used by scientists to assess endothelial function:

>

> >>> Impaired FMD

>

> >>>

>

> >>> response is a CVD risk factor and can precede clinically

>

> >>> symptomatic CVD by

>

> >>>

>

> >>> many years.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Flow mediated dilation was found to decrease after both the high

>

> >>> and low

>

> >>>

>

> >>> salt meals, but was significantly more impaired after the high

>

> >>> salt meal

>

> >>>

>

> >>> than the low salt.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The authors reported that measures of FMD were significantly

>

> >>> reduced after

>

> >>>

>

> >>> 30 minutes and one hour for the high salt meal – with the greate

> st

>

> >>>

>

> >>> impairment in function occurring one hour after the meal was

>

> >>> ingested.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> The impairment in flow mediated dilation in response to the high

>

> >>> salt meal

>

> >>>

>

> >>> was said to be of a similar magnitude to that shown in healthy

>

> >>> subjects

>

> >>>

>

> >>> after a meal high in saturated fats.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Despite the differences in salt intake and observed changes in

> FMD,

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Dickinson and colleagues did not observe any significant changes

>

> >>> blood

>

> >>>

>

> >>> pressure between the high and low salt meals.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> They added that they found no evidence to suggest that blood

>

> >>> pressure is

>

> >>>

>

> >>> involved in the mechanism by which salt impairs the endothelial

>

> >>> functioning.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *Mechanisms*

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *“It may be plausible that the 65-mmol sodium load (3.8 g salt)

>

> >>> in the

>

> >>>

>

> >>> current study induced changes in endothelial function via

>

> >>> alterations in

>

> >>>

>

> >>> plasma sodium …A repeat of the current study including plasma so

>

> >>> dium samples

>

> >>>

>

> >>> and other parameters of endothelial function, such as nitric oxide

>

> >>> and eNOS

>

> >>>

>

> >>> would confirm this,†*suggested the authors.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> They said that the study suggests that high salt intakes may have

>

> >>> acute,

>

> >>>

>

> >>> adverse effects on the ability of blood vessels to widen after in

>

> >>> the post

>

> >>>

>

> >>> meal phase.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Dickinson and colleagues added that it is unclear whether the

>

> >>> observed

>

> >>>

>

> >>> effects have long-term consequences on the risk of atherosclerosis

>

> >>> and

>

> >>>

>

> >>> cardiovascular disease, but said that the results contribute to a

>

> >>> body of

>

> >>>

>

> >>> research showing non blood pressure related effects of high salt

>

> >>> intakes.

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Source: *American Journal of Clinical Nutrition*

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Published online ahead of print, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.006155

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *“Endothelial function is impaired after a high-salt meal in hea

>

> >>> lthy

>

> >>>

>

> >>> subjectsâ€*

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Authors K.M. Dickinson, P.M. Clifton, J.B. Keogh

>

> >>>

>

>>>>LINK<http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/Science-Nutrition/High-salt-intake-may\

-have-immediate-effects-on-circulation-Study/?c=T0QtS5cvuDXuNXVhGEsNRw%3D%3D & utm\

_source=newsletter_daily & utm_medium=email & utm_campaign=Newsletter%2BDaily

>y

> >>>y

> >>>

>

> >>> >

>

> >>>

>

> >>> --

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Ortiz, MS, RD

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *The FRUGAL Dietitian* <http://www.thefrugaldietitian.com>

>

> >>>

>

> >>> Check out my blog: mixture of deals and nutrition

>

> >>>

>

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>

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> >>>

>

> >>> deals<http://thefrugaldietitian.com/?p=14288>

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *Healthy Diet at any Age: We are NOT just looking

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *at the years people have behind them but also the

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *

>

> >>>

>

> >>> *quality of the years ahead of them.*

>

> >>>

>

> >>>