RESEARCH - Impact of smoking as a risk factor for developing RA

[Guest guest]

Ann Rheum Dis. Published Online First: 27 January 2009.

doi:10.1136/ard.2008.096487

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Extended Report

Impact of smoking as a risk factor for developing rheumatoid

arthritis: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Daisuke Sugiyama 1, Kunihiro Nishimura 1, Kenichiro Tamaki 2, Goh

Tsuji 1, Takashi Nakazawa 3, Akio Morinobu 1 and Shunichi Kumagai 1*

1 Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan

2 Kansai Electric Power Central Hospital, Japan

3 Kurashiki Central Hospital, Japan

Abstract

Objectives: To assess whether smoking is a risk factor for developing

RA, especially for RA patients who are rheumatoid factor-positive

(RF+).

Design: Meta-analysis

Methods: Data Sources: Observational studies that examining the

association between smoking history and the risk for developing RA

identified through Medline and EMBASE (from 1966 to December 2006),

relevant books, and a reference search.

Data extraction: Two authors independently extracted the followings;

authors? names, publication year, sample size, participant

characteristics, odds ratios (OR) or relative risks, adjustment

factors, study design, and area where the study was conducted. Data

syntheses: Data syntheses were based upon the DerSimonian-Laird random

effect model. Summarized syntheses effects were expressed by odds

ratios.

Results: Sixteen studies were selected from among 433 retrieved

articles. Data syntheses were based on the random effect model. For

male, summary ORs for ever, current, and past smokers were 1.89 (95%

confidence interval [CI], 1.56-2.28), 1.87(1.49-2.34) and

1.76(1.33-2.31), respectively. For RF+ RA, the summary ORs for ever,

current, past smokers were 3.02(2.35-3.88), 3.91(2.78-5.50), and

2.46(1.74-3.47), respectively. Summary OR for 20 or more pack-years of

smoking was 2.31(1.55-3.41). For female, summary ORs for ever,

current, and past smokers were 1.27(1.12-1.44), 1.31(1.12-1.54) and

1.22(1.06-1.40), respectively. For RF+ RA, the summary ORs for

ever,current, and past smokers were 1.34(0.99-1.80), 1.29(0.94-1.77),

and 1.21(0.83-1.77). Summary OR for 20 or more pack-years of smoking

was 1.75(1.52-2.02).

Conclusions: Smoking is a risk factor for RA for both male and is

especially strongly associated with RA for RF+ male and both male and

female heavy smokers.

http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/ard.2008.096487v2?papetoc

Not an MD

[Guest guest]

Thanks for sharing this, . Its just one more confirmation as to

why I will continue to remain smoke free - Two Years, Nine Months,

Fourteen Days, 1 Hour and 41 Minutes (and counting) - It just pisses

me off to no end, though, to know that I've basically done this to

myself.....Doreen

>

> Conclusions: Smoking is a risk factor for RA for both male and is

> especially strongly associated with RA for RF+ male and both male

> and female heavy smokers.

>

> http://ard.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/ard.2008.096487v2?papetoc

>

>

> Not an MD

[Guest guest]

You're welcome, Doreen.

Don't beat yourself up. You didn't know. It's great that you've quit.

Not an MD

On Sat, Jan 31, 2009 at 7:13 AM, Mimi <mimi212@...> wrote:

> Thanks for sharing this, . Its just one more confirmation as to

> why I will continue to remain smoke free - Two Years, Nine Months,

> Fourteen Days, 1 Hour and 41 Minutes (and counting) - It just pisses

> me off to no end, though, to know that I've basically done this to

> myself.....Doreen

[Guest guest]

Doreen,  Don't beat yourself up.  It may be a contributing factor but there are

plenty of us out there who do not or have never smoked (well maybe a few in

college but I was 50 when RA hit) and still have agressive RA.  I applaude you

for quitting.  linda

From: Mimi <mimi212@...>

Subject: [ ] Re: RESEARCH - Impact of smoking as a risk factor for

developing RA

Date: Saturday, January 31, 2009, 7:13 AM

Thanks for sharing this, . Its just one more confirmation as to

why I will continue to remain smoke free - Two Years, Nine Months,

Fourteen Days, 1 Hour and 41 Minutes (and counting) - It just pisses

me off to no end, though, to know that I've basically done this to

myself.....Doreen

>

> Conclusions: Smoking is a risk factor for RA for both male and is

> especially strongly associated with RA for RF+ male and both male

> and female heavy smokers.

>

> http://ard.bmj. com/cgi/content/ abstract/ ard.2008. 096487v2? papetoc

>

>

> Not an MD