RESEARCH - Effects of high-impact mechanical loading on synovial cell cultures

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Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2004) 3, 37-43

http://www.jssm.org

Research article

EFFECTS OF HIGH-IMPACT MECHANICAL LOADING

ON SYNOVIAL CELL CULTURES

Irene Sun1, Yunlong Liu2, 3, Shigeo M. Tanaka1, Chung W. Lee2, Hui Bin

Sun1, 2 and

Hiroki Yokota1, 2, 3

1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University - Purdue

University Indianapolis,

Indianapolis, USA

2 Biomedical Engineering Program, Indiana University - Purdue

University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, USA

3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA

Received: 02 December 2003 / Accepted: 06 February 2004 / Published

(online): 01 March 2004

ABSTRACT

Cartilage metabolism in response to mechanical loading is an important

subject in sports science and

medicine. In animal studies high-impact exercise is known to stimulate

bone adaptation and increase

bone mass. However, mechanical impacts potentially induce tissue

swelling and occasionally

degradation of connective tissues in synovium and articular cartilage.

These detrimental outcomes

should be properly evaluated clinically and biochemically. Using two

synovial cell cultures derived from

normal and rheumatic tissues, we examined the biochemical effects of

impulsive mechanical loads on

expression and activities of influential proteolytic enzymes in

joints, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs),

and their natural inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases

(TIMPs). The molecular analysis

demonstrates that an impact factor (Im), the ratio of the maximum

force to weight, served as a good

indicator for assessment of the inflammatory responses. The results

showed that high impact above Im =

40 to 80 elevated not only expression but also enzymatic activities of MMPs.

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Read the full article here:

http://www.jssm.org/vol3/n1/6/v3n1-6pdf.pdf

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