Guest guest Posted September 15, 2008 Report Share Posted September 15, 2008 CHEC Chemical Summary: cadmium Long-term exposure can also cause anemia, loss of sense of smell, fatigue, and/or yellow staining of teeth. Cadmium appears to depress some immune functions ... http://www.checnet.org/healtheHouse/chemicals/chemicals-detail.asp?Main_ID=369 - Common Names: cadmium oxide, cadmium carbonate, cadmium chloride, cadmium nitrate, cadmium sulfide, cadmium sulfate, cadmium selenium sulfide, cadmium telluride Cadmium is a heavy metal that occurs naturally in some soils and rocks. It is known to cause cancer in humans. Cadmium levels build up in the body over time and remain in the body. Cadmium is used in various types of compounds. Cadmium sulfide is the most widely used cadmium compound and is used mainly in pigments. Cadmium is also used in batteries, photovoltaic cells, and infrared windows, metal coatings and electroplating, electrical components, paints, plastics (primarily polyvinyl chloride, or vinyl), ceramic glazes, and textile dyes. It is also an additive used in TeflonĀ®. Fertilizers used to grow food may contain cadmium. Shellfish, liver, and kidney can accumulate high levels of cadmium. Cadmium is released into the environment by the burning of coal, diesel fuel, gasoline and other fossil fuels, incineration of municipal waste, and from polluting metal alloy and electroplating facilities. Cadmium is present in vehicle tires and consequently in the particles resulting from tire wear. Cadmium is also emitted in tobacco smoke. In the past, cadmium was used as a fungicide for golf courses and home lawns, but by 1997 all uses as pesticides were voluntarily cancelled. Children are most likely to be exposed to cadmium through food and tobacco smoke. Younger individuals absorb and may even proportionally accumulate more cadmium than adults. The chemical cadmium is ranked as Red for Danger! We recommend that you prevent exposure. Health Effects Remember, the health effects noted in these profiles assume exposure to the pure form of the substance. The risk you face is affected by how much of the substance you are exposed to, its concentration, its form, the timing of the exposure (when and how long exposure occurs), other substances your child is exposed to, and his or her own individual sensitivity, which in turn can be influenced by age, sex, health status, and genetic make-up. Immediate Health Effects If SWALLOWED, cadmium is Very Highly Toxic. If ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN, cadmium - Data Not Available. If INHALED (SNIFFED OR BREATHED IN), cadmium is Very Highly Toxic. Longterm or Delayed Health Effects This chemical is known to cause cancer. It is considered a Known Carcinogen by the World Health Organization, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or another agency. Reproductive Toxicant = Can harm reproductive system Development Toxicant = Can interfere with normal development of a fetus or child Suspected Endocrine Disruptor = May interfere with, mimic or block hormones Learn More About These Classifications Other Inhaling high levels of cadmium (e.g., by industrial workers) can cause severe lung damage and irritation, with shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, and a buildup of fluid in the lungs. In severe cases, this may result in death or permanent lung damage and emphysema. Most cadmium levels found in the environment are not high enough to cause lung damage. If ingested at high levels in foods or water, can cause stomach irritation, nausea, vomiting, salivation, cramps, diarrhea, convulsions, shock, kidney failure, and sometimes death. Short-term health effects include flu-like symptoms, such as chills, headache, aching and/or fever. Repeated low-level exposures to cadmium can cause kidney damage, leading to stones and tubular-cell death in the kidneys; liver damage; and weakening of bones, causing bone and joint pain and osteoporosis. Long-term exposure can also cause anemia, loss of sense of smell, fatigue, and/or yellow staining of teeth. Cadmium appears to depress some immune functions, mainly by reducing resistance to bacteria and viruses. Cadmium causes lung cancer and may also be linked to prostate, kidney and bladder cancers in humans. Cadmium may affect the human endocrine (hormone) system. In test tube studies it behaves like the female sex hormone estrogen. One study found a link between elevated cadmium levels in blood and a decrease in sperm motility and an increase in abnormal sperm morphology and serum testosterone. It may possibly damage the testes (male reproductive glands) and affect the female reproductive cycle. The offspring of test animals exposed to cadmium during pregnancy had decreased weight gain, effects on the skeleton, and deficits in behavior and learning ability. Cadmium causes brain damage to newborn animals, whereas adults are resistant to these effects. There may be a potential increase in risk of decreased birth weight or developmental problems for humans, but these effects have not been observed. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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