SchaferAutismReport: Autism May Be Linked To Antidepressant Use

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PUBLIC HEALTHAutism May Be Linked To Antidepressant UseRisk may be environmental factors in the womb, not just genetics

By Steenhuysen, updated from Reuters. Environmental factors may play a greater role in autism than previously thought, tipping the scale away from a strict focus on genetics, two studies suggest. In one, a team at Stanford

University compared cases of autism in identical and fraternal twins and found that fraternal twins -- who share only half of the same genes -- have unusually high rates of autism, suggesting that factors other than genetics may be triggering the disease. In another, researchers at health insurer Kaiser Permanente found mothers of children with autism were twice as likely to have been prescribed a common antidepressant during the year before their pregnancy than mothers of healthy children. Both studies were released Monday. And the risk was even greater -- a threefold increase -- when the drug was taken in the first trimester of pregnancy. The findings, released in the Archives of General Psychiatry, suggest that something in the birth environment -- drugs, chemicals or infections -- may be triggering autism in

children who are already genetically predisposed to develop the disease. "It has been well-established that genetic factors contribute to risk for autism," Clara Lajonchere, a study co-author and vice president of clinical programs for Autism Speaks, said in a statement. "We now have strong evidence that, on top of genetic heritability, a shared prenatal environment may have a greater than previously realized role in the development of autism." Autism is a spectrum of disorders ranging from a profound inability to communicate and mental retardation to relatively mild symptoms such as with Asperger's syndrome. It affects one in every 150 children born today in the United States, or about 1 percent of the population. Shared environment The Stanford study involved 54 pairs of identical

twins, who share 100 percent of the same genes, and 138 pairs of fraternal twins, who share For rest of today's SAR click here:www.sarnet.org/frm/forsar.htm

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