Re: Benefits of Fish Oil

[Guest guest]

Dave -

Thanks so much for replying!

Joanne H

(, Ca)

-----Original Message-----

[Guest guest]

,

Do you think Omega 3 is also beneficial for

PSC patients who don't have IBD? The articles you posted refer to IBD

specifically, and inflammation and autoimmune in general. PSC would be covered

in the inflammation part I suppose (and maybe the autoimmune part).

Regards,

Chaim Boermeester, Israel

From: [mailto: ] On Behalf Of

Sent: Tuesday, March 25, 2008

06:15

To:

Subject: Benefits of

Fish Oil

A couple of good review articles I might recommend

are:

Simopoulos AP 2002 Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune

diseases. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 21: 495-505.

http://www.jacn.org/cgi/content/full/21/6/495

Calder PC 2006 n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and

inflammatory diseases. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 83: 1505S-1519S.

http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/content/full/83/6/S1505

Best regards,

Dave

(father of (22); PSC 07/03; UC 08/03)

> What do you know about the benefits of fish oil.

[Guest guest]

Chaim,

Omega 3 is good for most people ill or not. It is used to lower

cholesterol, and is good for your heart. The cardiologist at the

hospital where I work prescribe it for our heart patients on a

regular bases.

PSC 5/07 Listed

>

> > What do you know about the benefits of fish oil.

>

[Guest guest]

Dave,

Thanks for your help. I will need some

time to read all this material, and some of it is likely to go way over my head,

but I am learning in the process.

I am currently taking Omega 3 because my

nutritionist advised me to do so. Just as a note for other people that might

want to take Omega 3, make sure that the kind you are getting does not have cholesterol

as an ingredient. My nutritionist warned me specifically against that (since

PSC patients have an elevated risk of high choloestorol). Also make sure that the

package states there is are no heavy metals in it.

Regards,

Chaim

From: [mailto: ] On Behalf Of

Sent: Wednesday, March 26, 2008

05:57

To:

Subject: Re:

Benefits of Fish Oil

Hi Chaim;

To be absolutely honest with you, I can't point you to any research

papers which show that fish oils are of benefit in PSC with or without

IBD in human subjects. All I can say is that there is growing evidence

that fish oils may be of benefit in reducing inflammation in IBD and

protecting against colon cancer; and here the evidence is stronger in

animal models than in humans. The field is rapidly advancing with the

discovery that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid

(DHA)(both major components of fish oils) are metabolized into

compounds called resolvins and protectins that have very powerful anti-

inflammatory activity. This has been largely the work of Dr.

Serhan:

Serhan CN, Yacoubian S, Yang R (2008) Anti-inflammatory and

proresolving lipid mediators. Annu. Rev. Pathol. 3: 279-312.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18233953

Schwab JM, Chiang N, Arita M, Serhan CN (2007) Resolvin E1 and

protectin D1 activate inflammation-resolution programmes. Nature 447:

869-874.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17568749

Hudert CA, Weylandt KH, Lu Y, Wang J, Hong S, Dignass A, Serhan CN,

Kang JX (2006) Transgenic mice rich in endogenous omega-3 fatty acids

are protected from colitis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103: 11276-

1181.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16847262

Arita M, Yoshida M, Hong S, Tjonahen E, Glickman JN, Petasis NA,

Blumberg RS, Serhan CN (2005) Resolvin E1, an endogenous lipid mediator

derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid, protects against 2,4,6-

trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U

S.A. 102: 7671-7676.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15890784

Weylandt KH, Kang JX, Wiedenmann B, Baumgart

DC (2007) Lipoxins and

resolvins in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 13: 797-

799.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17262807

Chapkin RS, Seo J, McMurray DN, Lupton JR (2008) Mechanisms by which

docosahexaenoic acid and related fatty acids reduce colon cancer risk

and inflammatory disorders of the intestine. Chem. Phys. Lipids. Mar 4

[Epub ahead of print].

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18346463

The strongest evidence for a liver protection effect is with

docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in animal models of colitis and sclerosing

cholangitis caused by loss of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane

conductance regulator gene (cftr). DHA protects against bile-duct

injury in this animal model:

Blanco PG, Zaman MM, Junaidi O, Sheth S, Yantiss RK, Nasser

IA,

Freedman SD

(2004) Induction of colitis in cftr-/- mice results in bile

duct injury. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 287: G491-

G496.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15064232

Beharry S, Ackerley C, Corey M, Kent G, Heng YM, Christensen H, Luk C,

Yantiss RK, Nasser IA, Zaman M, Freedman SD, Durie PR (2007) Long-term

docosahexaenoic acid therapy in a congenic murine model of cystic

fibrosis. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 292: G839-G848.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17095751

This is the rationale for the DHA trial in PSC currently underway at

Harvard University. I don't think that any

results from this trial have

been published yet.

Dr. Vierling notes that ... " PSC may represent an autoimmune disease

with atypical features or an immune-mediated inflammatory disease,

similar to inflammatory bowel disease itself. Immunogenetic

susceptibility is closely linked to ligands for innate immune cells and

capacity for sustained production of proinflammatory cytokines. "

O'Mahony CA, Vierling JM 2006 Etiopathogenesis of primary sclerosing

cholangitis. Semin. Liver Dis. 26: 3-21.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16496229

It would seem like a reasonable possibility to test whether fish oils

might diminish this production of proinflammatory cytokines over the

long-term, delaying progression?

Our son has dyslexia, and had acne before diagnosis. Fish oils seem to

be of potential benefit in these two conditions also.

Lindmark L, Clough P 2007 A

5-month open study with long-chain

polyunsaturated fatty acids in dyslexia. J. Med. Food. 10: 662-666.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18158838

Logan AC 2003

Omega-3 fatty acids and acne. Arch. Dermatol. 139: 941-

942.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12873901

Fish oils have certainly helped his acne ... his acne disappeared as

soon as he started taking fish oils. Perhaps it will help with PSC?...

perhaps it won't?.... but at least we tried.

Best regards,

Dave

(father of (22); PSC 07/03; UC 08/03)

> Do you think Omega 3 is also beneficial for PSC patients who don't

have IBD? The articles you posted refer to IBD specifically, and

inflammation and autoimmune in general. PSC would be covered in the

inflammation part I suppose (and maybe the autoimmune part).